Goals: The goal of this dissertation consisted in characterizing the relation, attitude and opinions of the Roma minority with respect to overweight and obesity. At the same time, it was focused on describing the risk factors contributing to their origination and on creating a methodology for the intervention program aimed at prevention of overweight and obesity in the Roma minority. Methods: To meet the goals, qualitative research was carried out, allowing also the monitoring of culturally conditioned behaviour patterns in field. The research set consisted of 25 Roma respondents above eighteen years of age who had a BMI value in the area of overweight or obesity (i.e. BMI ? 25 kg/m2). The respondents included 8 men and 17 women. The data analysis was performed with the help of the method of anchored theory that helps to search new connections. The analysis of qualitative data was carried out with the help of the MAXQDA 11 program. Results: The role of the nurse in prevention of overweight and obesity in the Roma consists in identification of influenceable risk factors resulting from life style and in their elimination under use of adequate motivation and efficient education. The culturally conditioned behaviour patterns constitute a distinctive factor that can influence the efficiency of the implemented interventions. The patterns can be seen already when taking the medical history in which the nurse tries to identify risk behaviours. For example, the Roma have problems with describing their eating habits from qualitative and quantitative perspective, particularly the frequency and regularity of eating. Other factors acting in the area of overweight and obesity include body image, social functions of eating, socio-economic status and the related food structure, etc. The understanding of the connections among the individual factors and of the motivation elements involved in the respective risk behaviour may introduce a new dimension into nursing. Scientific contributions of the dissertation: The data analysis and the integration of findings helped to create the methodology for an intervention program aimed at prevention of overweight and obesity. The material was subsequently consulted with representatives of the relevant minority and modified according to their comments. Subsequently, it was used in connection with the grant project number LD14114, implemented under financial support of the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports within COST (Cooperation on Scientific and Technical Research), named "Obesity and overweight in Roma minority in the Region of South Bohemia".

Diploma thesis on: Perception of health professional role and organizational culture of health care facilities. This diploma thesis deals with the role of health professionals and the organizational culture in health care facilities. It is particularly focused on the perception of these two phenomena by nurses, who are working in ward blocks of a health care facility. In the theoretical part there are defined the terms organization, organizational culture, organizational climate and the role of nurse. There are described various views of these terms together with clarifications, how they are approached in this diploma thesis. More detailed are also described possible relations between organizational culture and the management of these facilities including the possibilities of its investigation and influence by leading interventions. The role of nurse is described in the context of nursing courses. There are mentioned also negative impacts, which can influence the perception of the nurse role, filling of her duties, her performance and so perhaps have an effect on reaching the goals and mission of the organization. In the practical part there are in detail described single steps, which were made before the research itself, including creating of hypotheses. For the research method was used the...

In the theoretical part of the thesis, we described the conducting system of the heart, cardiac automaticity, physiological impulse formation and its conduction in the myocardium and mechanisms of arrhythmias. Furthermore, we focused on the classification of arrhythmias and their description in different types of arrhythmias, possibilities of treatment and the role of nurses in the care of patients with heart rhythm disorders. For the thesis, we chose a qualitative research conducted by the form of interviews with nurses. The research took place in three hospitals in the Czech Republic and three in the Slovak Republic. Before realization of the qualitative research, we contacted the management of every hospital in order to obtain a permission to carry on with our research. In each of these hospitals, we spoke to five nurses and then subsequently interviewed them. In overall, we interviewed 30 nurses, 15 of them work in the Czech Republic and 15 hospitals in the Slovak Republic. Research was conducted at the Cardiology departments of these hospitals. The criterion of selection was work of nurses with their patients with heart rhythm disorders. Interviews were recorded and then rewritten. The results were categorized into schemes and then finally compared. The first aim we set was to find out the specific knowledge of nurses care about patients with abnormal heart rhythm in the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic. Most of them knew what is important for patients and what especially do they need to focus on, what to watch over and in what they need to draw patient?s attention. Nurses often spoke in general and especially in the case of education of the patient in this field. Despite nurses? work with patients with abnormal heart rhythm and their knowledge about arrhythmias, their treatment and their roles, we have decided to develop a handbook for them. This manual can expand knowledge of nurse working with these patients, but its main purpose is to serve nurses who have little knowledge in this field. Therefore, nurses are about to begin to work with patients with abnormal heart rhythm and would like to learn the basic information about arrhythmias, their treatment and the fraction of nurses? to care of these patients. The second aim we set to ourselves was to find out the workflow of the nurses working with patients with abnormal heart rhythm in the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic. There were differences between the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic. When asking Czech nurses what workflow do they use, the most common responses were invasive and non-invasive treatment methods. In the Slovak Republic, nurses talked about providing their patients with proper care and workflow according to developed standards. The ultimate aim was to compare the results of nursing care of patients with abnormal heart rhythm in the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic. All in all we came to the conclusion that nursing care in both countries are in a good condition and complication rate is very low. None of interviewed nurses stated frequent occurrences of complications at her workplace.

Abstract The aim of the thesis: To determine most common causes of pertussis in childhood is the aim of this submitted research thesis. It also describes the possibilities of child prevention from the point of view of nurses. The other aims are description the specifics of nursing care for children with pertussis. Five research questions have been defined in relations to these objectives. The way of achieving the aim: The qualitative research method was chosen to achieve the objectives of the thesis. This method was implemented through in-depth interviews. On the basis of identified research questions, individual categories have been formulated in order to get answers to individual questions. For selection of communication partners the method of intentional selection was chosen. Research was realized at Jihlava Hospital in Children's Department. Anonymous interviewing was attended by a total of 20 communication partners. All of them have a nursing education and have performed nursing care for a child with a pertussis disease. In-depth interviews with parents were carried out in General Practitioner for children and adoration. Anonymous survey were agreed by 7 parents whose children suffered from pertussis. Scientific benefits of the thesis: This research study deals with the current issue of pertussis as an omitted infection. The scientific results of the research are intended for both the lay and professional public. The research study presents a complex and comprehensive overview of nursing care for children with pertussis. It will find use in both preventive care and also in taking care of the patient directly on the bed. Part of the scientific thesis is application into practice. The lessons learned and conclusions: Diseases of pertussis are most at risk for newborns and infants, for whom their parents pose a significant threat of infection without the parents becoming aware of it. One of the main measures is to vaccinate not only children but also parents and close relatives who come to close contact with the newborn. Parents are often unaware of adult vaccination in the prevention of childhood illness. Nursing care for a child with pertussis disease has its specificities in that it is highly contagious illness and can endanger the life of the child.

Abstract This diploma thesis deals with the position of nursing mentor and her cooperation with shift nurses. The theoretical part of the thesis is divided into seven chapters, and focuses on the current nursing profession that is also interconnected with education and legislature. The work is further dealing with the role of the nursing mentor and her cooperation with the nursing team. Last but not least, the theoretical part is devoted to the important role of ethics and morality in the nursing profession that is undoubtedly of central importance. We are also addressing the Certified Course for Mentors that we regard as rather positive as one of the forms of lifelong education. The nurses completing the course will acquire new skills and knowledge, but also knowledge in the field of psychology, law, didactics and other fields. The role of a nurse-mentor is rather important as she can pass the acquired knowledge further and positively influence the students in this way over the course of professional training facilitating their adaptation when they start their professional career. It was the main objective of this work to map the current position of a nurse? mentor, what her experience is with cooperation with other shift nurses as part of practical education in the workplace, and whether the nurses direct and sufficiently motivate the students to become interested in the profession of general nurses or midwifes. The section on research employed two methods. The first method consisted in quantitative research in the form of questionnaires. We employed two questionnaires, one targeted the nurses-non-mentors, while the second was intended for nurses-mentors. As a second method, qualitative research was carried out using semi-structured interview conducted with selected head and ward (charge) nurses. Using the qualitative survey approach, we tested the following working hypotheses. H1: the general nurses know what the role of a nurse-mentor is in the health-care team, H2: the nurses-mentors motivate their students to raise their interest in the profession of general nurse, H3: the nurses-mentors are not always occupying leading positions, H4: the nurses-mentors are perceived positively by the shift nurses,

This thesis deals with the knowledge of processes and practical skills of cardiopulmonary resuscitation among nurses working in the field of anesthesia and intensive medicine. The theoretical part of this paper defines the notion of cardiopulmonary resuscitation, deals with its history, changing definitions, and the latest recommendations. It also describes and specifies terms such as competence, knowledge of the processes and the role of the nurse in the system. The empirical part, using a questionnaire survey, assesses orientation of nurses and nurses specialists in the latest recommendations in cardiopulmonary resuscitation and the related knowledge and competences in the use of resuscitation itself. The questionnaire survey was answered by 152 respondents from 3 large hospitals in Prague. There were also the results of its investigation, compared with the results of research conducted by Václav Kukol in 2010 - 2011 as part of their thesis. In the final discussion paper evaluates the confirmation of the hypotheses. Then attach the recommendations for practice.

Tyrimo tikslas - įvertinti sergančiųjų lėtiniu virusiniu C hepatitu gyvenimo kokybę ir nustatyti ją įtakojančius veiksnius. Tyrimo uždaviniai. Įvertinti demografinių veiksnių įtaką sergančiųjų lėtiniu virusiniu C hepatitu gyvenimo kokybei. Ištirti sergančiųjų lėtiniu virusiniu hepatitu C žinių apie šią ligą lygį. Įvertinti sergančiųjų lėtiniu virusiniu C hepatitu turimų žinių įtaką gyvenimo kokybei. Įvertinti specifinio priešvirusinio gydymo šalutinių reiškinių įtaką gyvenimo kokybei. Įvertinti slaugytojų vaidmenį gerinant šių pacientų gyvenimo kokybę. Tyrimo populiacija. VUL Santariškių klinikų Hepatologijos, gastroenterologijos ir dietologijos centre gydomi virusiniu hepatitu C sergantys 52 pacientai. Tyrimo metodai. Tyrimas atliktas pritaikant anketavimo ir medicininių dokumentų analizės metodus. Taikyta pacientų apklausos anketa žinių apie ligą ir specifinį gydymą įvertinimui ir SF- 36 gyvenimo kokybės vertinimo klausimynas. Statistinė analizė atlikta naudojant „Microsoft Office Excel 2003“ ir SPSS 15,0 for Windows versijos statistinę programą. Darbo rezultatai ir išvados. Tyrimo metu nustatyta, kad statistiškai patikimai žemesniais balais vyrai vertino šias gyvenimo kokybės sritis – „aktyvumo apribojimą dėl fizinių problemų“ ir „socialinę veiklą“, lyginant su tais pačiais moterų rodikliais. Amžius bei išsilavinimas neturėjo įtakos pacientų gyvenimo kokybei. Ištyrus sergančiųjų lėtiniu VHC žinių apie ligą lygį, nustatyta, kad jų žinios apie ligą nepakankamos. Geriausios... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The aim of the research work – to evaluate chronic hepatitis C patients quality of life and to determine the quality of life affecting factors. The goals of the research work. To assess an impact of demographic factors on the quality of life of patients with chronic viral hepatitis C. To investigate a level of knowledge about chronic hepatitis C in patients suffered with this disease. To determine an impact of available knowledge about the disease on quality of life in patients with chronic hepatitis C. To evaluate the specific antiviral treatment side effects influence on the quality of life. To assess the role of nurses in improving the quality of patients life. The research population. 52 chronic hepatitis C patients undergone antiviral therapy in VUL “Santariškių klinikos” Centre of Hepatology, Gastroenterology and Dietetics were studied. The research methods. The research was carried out using methods for analysis of surveys and medical documents. Patients knowledge about the disease and antiviral treatment side effects was evaluated using survey questionnaire and SF-36 quality of life assessment questionnaire. Statistical analysis was performed using the Microsoft Office Excel 2003 and SPSS 15.0 for Windows statistical program. The results and conclusions. During the research it was found that men statistically worse, as compared with the same characteristics of women, scored following domains of the quality of life: "the activity limitation due to physical problems"... [to full text]

The subject of the diploma thesis is unilateral nephrectomy from the point of view of the patient. The work is divided into a theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part focuses on kidney diseases, the nephrectomy problems from the patient's as well as the nurse´s perspective, and further on the role of nurses. . The second part is research. The research was realized in urological departments in selected hospitals of South Bohemia. For the research was selected qualitative research was conducted through semi-structured interview with two sets of research. The first experimental group consisted of 10 patients after nephrectomy, five respondents after classical open nephrectomy and five after laparoscopic nephrectomy. The second experimental group consisted of 10 nurses working in the urology department of the bed. This thesis diploma was focused on the experiences (feelings) or if at how the patient perceives surgical removal of the kidney. We wanted to know how is the issue seen from the perspective of a patient who is in the hospital experiencing a number of concerns and negative emotions. We also investigated whether a different view of nurses and patients on the issue exists. We have identified three objectives and six esearch questions for this work. The first objective was to determine how the patient perceives urological unilateral nephrectomy. The second objective was to determine what are the most common fears which faces the urology patient before and after surgery. The third objective was to determine what proportion of the nurse to patient information. The first research question was how the patient perceives urological unilateral nephrectomy. The second research question was, how urological patient after unilateral nephrectomy perceive their body image. The third research question was, what are the most common concerns of the patient before surgery. Further, patients who often address their concerns. The fifth research question was how the nurse involved in patient awareness. The last research question was, how often nurse informs the patient. The results of the diploma thesis can serve to nurses when working with urological patients and for the improvement of the nursing care for them. We have created an information map that can serve to patients as an assistant, through which they can prepare themselves for the entire course of hospitalization.

This diploma thesis is related to peripherally inserted central venous catheters (PICC), the role of nursing staff in inserting and care of these systems. The aim of the work, which is partly based on PICC project organized by the Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, 1st Faculty of Medicine of the Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, was to investigate the quality of life in patients with PICC after their insertion, to evaluate the incidence of complications (venous thrombosis, bacteraemia, sepsis, local infections, decubitus, disconnection of the system, mechanical complications, etc.) and compare the economic efficiency of PICC systems with other available methods. The aim of the second part of the thesis, which is unrelated to the previously mentioned project, was to reveal the awareness of nurses/paramedics on PICC catheter. This thesis has two traditional parts - theoretical and empirical. The theoretical part deals initially with the central venous catheter in general and then it describes main features of the PICC systems. The following part reviews indications, insertion techniques and potential complications associated with the PICC systems. The role of nursing staff in the insertion and maintenance of these systems is also highlighted. The...