Le contexte historique d'implantation du peuple des Bituriges Vivisques sur les pourtours de l'estuaire de la Garonne est relativement tardif, au lendemain de la conquête romaine, et pose de nombreuses questions quant à la réception de la culture romaine au sein d'une cité reconnue pour son identité culturelle forte. L'agglomération antique de Bordeaux, chef-lieu de la cité des Bituriges Vivisques, offre une grande diversité de décors peints fragmentaires entre le Ier siècle et le Ve siècle P.C. L'introduction de cet art et de modes ornementales typiquement italiennes dans la cité interroge alors sur le degré d'adhésion aux modèles romains. L'évolution des connaissances de la peinture murale antique et de la toichographologie permet désormais de répondre à des problématiques stylistiques, techniques et architecturales par le biais d'une approche pluridisciplinaire et de protocoles d'études raisonnés. Entre conservatisme et innovations, les décors de Burdigala traduisent une assimilation précoce du vocabulaire ornemental inspiré des schémas décoratifs italiens avec cependant quelques interprétations aboutissant parfois à des productions originales. Ce travail de synthèse régionale permet ainsi une meilleure connaissance et la classification des décors de la cité, en fonction du style, du cadre chronologique, du contexte architectural et socio-culturel. / The historical context of establishment of Bituriges Vivisques people on the circumferences of the estuary of the Garonne is relatively late, the shortly after the Roman conquest, and raises many questions as for the reception of the Roman culture within a city recognized for its strong cultural identity. The ancient agglomeration of Bordeaux, chief town of Bituriges Vivisques' city, offers a great diversity of fragmentary decorations painted between Ist century and Vth century PC. The introduction of this art and typically Italian decorative modes into city questions then on the degree of adhesion to the Roman models. The evolution of knowledge of the ancient mural and the toichographology makes it possible from now to answer architectural, stylistics and techniques problems by the means of a multi-field approach and protocol studies reasoned. Between conservatism and innovations, the decorations of Burdigala represent an early assimilation of the decorative vocabulary inspired of the Italian decorative diagrams with however some interpretations leading sometimes to original productions. This work of regional synthesis allows a better knowledge thus and the classification of the decorations within Bituriges Vivisques' city, according to the style, of chronological framework, the architectural and sociocultural context.

Il tema del progetto di ricerca è lo studio della pittura romana nell’area della Cisalpina orientale, con particolare riferimento alle problematiche connesse alla definizione dei processi formativi e delle peculiarità delle maestranze. L’ambito geografico considerato è compreso tra Altino e Trieste: all’interno di questo comparto territoriale Aquileia e Altino hanno costituito i due ambiti privilegiati della ricerca, anche per la possibilità di condurre un’indagine rigorosa su tutto il materiale pittorico conservato presso i Musei Archeologici. L’esame autoptico condotto con un approccio metodologico volto a considerare il supporto e la superficie dipinta è stato incrociato con l’analisi delle fonti documentarie inedite, che nel caso di Aquileia hanno rappresentato un imprescindibile strumento per la restituzione dei contesti: sono stati riqualificate nel senso topografico alcune partizioni edite, che assieme a numerose altre inedite vanno a restituire una nuova immagine alle abitazioni scavate nel secolo scorso. Lo studio ha messo in evidenza un panorama ricco dal punto di vista quantitativo che ho offerto significativi spunti di analisi sui caratteri della produzione, soprattutto nell’ottica del riconoscimento delle peculiarità regionali elaborate dalle officine pittoriche operanti sul territorio. / The subject of this research project is the study of Roman wall-painting in eastern Cisalpine Gaul, more specifically dealing with the aspects of the creation and development of the local workshops and their peculiar characteristics. The area taken into consideration is set between Altino and Trieste: within this territory Aquileia and Altino have represented the two privileged research fields, given the possibility to analyse thoroughly all the wall-painting evidence preserved in the Archaeological Museums. Direct examination, conducted with a specific attention to the plaster bearer and the painted surface, has been combined with the analysis of unpublished documentation which, in the case of Aquileia, has represented an indispensable instrument for the reconstruction of the original contexts. In this way it has been possible to re-define topographically some well known examples of wall-paintings which, together with many yet unpublished examples, contribute to give a new image of the private houses excavated during the last century. This research has revealed an outline very rich in respect of the quantities and which has offered interesting starting points for the analysis of the different aspects of the production, specifically aimed to the recognition of local peculiarities developed by the workshops operating in this area.