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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

O planejamento das rota??es de culturas agr?colas e tr?nsito animal utilizando programa??o inteira bin?ria / Planning rotations of agricultural crops and animal traffic using integer programming binary

OLIVEIRA, Deumara Galdino de 19 January 2017 (has links)
Submitted by Celso Magalhaes (celsomagalhaes@ufrrj.br) on 2018-09-03T15:24:29Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2017 - Deumara Galdino de Oliveira.pdf: 1019700 bytes, checksum: 4721a816da519b1d051c792477ad01f0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-03T15:24:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2017 - Deumara Galdino de Oliveira.pdf: 1019700 bytes, checksum: 4721a816da519b1d051c792477ad01f0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-01-19 / The sustainability in agriculture can be hampered by inadequate management, such as in the practice of monocultures, or by degradation of pastures. In both situations, the productivity drops. In contrast, the production system based on the adoption of Crop-Livestock Integration rotation of crops has many benefits, such as the diversified food production, improvement of the physical, chemical and biological soil properties, increased stability production, replenishment of organic matter, reducing costs of agricultural activity due to the optimization of the use of inputs, control weeds, pests and diseases. It is noted the need for planning actions that have to be implemented in the adoption of this management, because the system of production based on the ILP is complex, in order for the framer to obtain success. The objective of this thesis is to develop and to implement a linear programming model (PL) that will provide as a result a schedule with the best selection of crops in each glebe per period and with the greatest weight gain of each animal. As well as in other areas, the PL in agriculture aims to obtain a solution that provides the best efficiency in the use of resources, since they are increasingly scarce. Thus, it is important to search for solutions that provide as a result the ideal combination between them and that will lead to better performances in agriculture, generating higher productivity and profitability. The linear programming model was developed from empirical work conducted by Alvarenga and Neto (2008) at Embrapa Maize and Sorghum research center (Sete Lagoas, MG) in an area of 24 hectares. For the implementation of the computational model data on agricultural suitability and weight gain of the animal in each period and in each glebe were needed. In order to test the mathematical model developed, values for agricultural suitability and of weight gain of animal were generated at random using the solver of MATLAB 7.4. With this, it was possible to perform the implementation of the computational linear programming model in MATLAB. There were conducted two trials; the first considering four periods, four tracts and transit of two animals, and the second with ten periods, four tracts and transit of three animals. The results show that the linear programming model is consistent with the empirical work conducted by Alvarenga and Neto (2008). The linear programming model satisfies all the restrictions imposed, maximizes the weight gain of each animal and provides the best selection of crops / A sustentabilidade na agropecu?ria pode ser prejudicada pelo manejo inadequado como a pr?tica da monocultura ou pela degrada??o das pastagens. Em ambas situa??es, a produtividade cai. Em contrapartida, o sistema de produ??o baseado na ado??o da Integra??o Lavoura-Pecu?ria (ILP) apresenta diversos benef?cios, tais como: a produ??o diversificada de alimentos, a melhoria das condi??es f?sicas, qu?micas e biol?gicas do solo, o aumento da estabilidade da produ??o, a reposi??o de mat?ria org?nica, a redu??o de custos da atividade agr?cola em virtude da otimiza??o do uso dos insumos, controle de plantas daninhas, pragas e doen?as. Observa-se a necessidade de um planejamento das a??es a serem implementadas na ado??o desse manejo, pois esse sistema de produ??o baseado na ILP ? complexo, a fim de que o produtor obtenha ?xito em sua condu??o. O objetivo da tese ? desenvolver e implementar um modelo de programa??o linear (PL) que forne?a como resultado um cronograma com a melhor sele??o de cultivos em cada gleba por per?odo e com o maior ganho de peso de cada animal. Assim como nas outras ?reas, a PL na agropecu?ria visa obter uma solu??o que apresente a melhor efici?ncia no uso dos recursos, uma vez que os mesmos est?o cada vez mais escassos. Dessa forma, ? relevante a busca por solu??es que forne?am como resultado a combina??o ideal entre os mesmos que conduza a melhores desempenhos na agropecu?ria, gerando maior produtividade e rentabilidade. O modelo de programa??o linear foi desenvolvido a partir do trabalho emp?rico realizado por Alvarenga e Neto (2008) implantado na Embrapa Milho e Sorgo (Sete Lagoas, MG) em uma ?rea de 24 hectares. Para a implementa??o computacional do modelo s?o necess?rios os dados sobre aptid?o agr?cola e ganho de peso do animal em cada per?odo e em cada gleba. A fim de testar o modelo matem?tico desenvolvido, gerou-se valores para aptid?o agr?cola e para o peso ganho pelo animal de forma aleat?ria utilizando o solver do MATLAB 7.4. Com isso, pode-se realizar a implementa??o computacional do modelo de programa??o linear no MATLAB. Foram realizados dois ensaios num?ricos, o primeiro considerando quatro per?odos, quatro glebas e tr?nsito de dois animais e o segundo com dez per?odos, quatro glebas e tr?nsito de tr?s animais. Os resultados mostram que o modelo de programa??o linear ? compat?vel com o trabalho emp?rico realizado por Alvarenga e Neto (2008). O modelo de programa??o linear satisfaz todas as restri??es impostas, maximiza o ganho de peso de cada animal e fornece a melhor sele??o de cultivos.

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