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In the publish/subscribe paradigm, information providers disseminate publications to all consumers who have expressed interest by registering subscriptions. This paradigm has found wide-spread applications, ranging from selective information dissemination to network management. However, all existing publish/subscribe systems cannot capture uncertainty inherent to the information in either subscriptions or publications. In many situations the large number of data sources exhibit various kinds of uncertainties. Examples of imprecision include: exact knowledge to either specify subscriptions or publications is not available; the match between a subscription and a publication with uncertain data is approximate; the constraints used to define a match is not only content based, but also take the semantic information into consideration. All these kinds of uncertainties have not received much attention in the context of publish/subscribe systems. In this thesis, we propose new publish/subscribe models to express uncertainties and semantics in publications and subscriptions, along with the matching semantics for each model. We also develop efficient algorithms to perform filtering for our models so that it can be applied to process the rapidly increasing information on the Internet. A thorough experimental evaluation is presented to demonstrate that the proposed systems can offer scalability to large number of subscribers and high publishing rates.

Thesis advisor: Jeremy Shakun / The mechanisms of abrupt climate change during the last glacial period are not yet fully understood. The objective of this research is to use oxygen isotope and magnesium/calcium ratios from foraminifera in a marine sediment core <200 km southeast of New York City (Ocean Drilling Program 174 Site 1073A) to test the hypothesis that changes in freshwater run-off patterns during intermediate extensions of the Laurentide Ice Sheet caused abrupt climate change by disrupting the Atlantic thermohaline circulation. The combination of foraminiferal δ18O and Mg/Ca yields salinity as an isolated variable, which is used as a proxy for Hudson River discharge through ~42,000-28,000 years ago. This thesis reviews the literature on abrupt climate change and compares the Hudson River paleodischarge record to established records of abrupt climate events observed in Greenland ice cores. It concludes that a higher resolution of data points is required to evaluate the impact of Hudson River discharge on abrupt climate change. / Thesis (BS) — Boston College, 2015. / Submitted to: Boston College. College of Arts and Sciences. / Discipline: Departmental Honors. / Discipline: Earth and Environmental Sciences.

Luk, Chun Pong. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 122-125). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Abstract --- p.i / Acknowledgement --- p.iv / Chapter 1 --- Introduction / Motivation --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Background and Motivation --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Performance Analysis of Opportunistic Routing in Multi-hop Wireless Network --- p.3 / Chapter 1.3 --- Opportunistic Routing Protocol Design --- p.5 / Chapter 1.4 --- Chapter Summary --- p.6 / Chapter 2 --- Literature Review --- p.8 / Chapter 2.1 --- Introduction --- p.8 / Chapter 2.2 --- Opportunistic Routing Protocols --- p.9 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Challenges of the Opportunistic Routing Protocol Design --- p.9 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Overview of Existing Opportunistic Routing Protocols --- p.11 / Chapter 2.2.3 --- Forwarding Set Selection Algorithms --- p.12 / Chapter 2.2.4 --- Actual Forwarder Determination --- p.13 / Chapter 2.2.5 --- Duplicate Suppression Strategies --- p.14 / Chapter 2.2.6 --- Variations of Opportunistic Routing Protocols --- p.16 / Chapter 2.3 --- Performance Evaluation and Analysis of Opportunistic Routing --- p.16 / Chapter 2.4 --- Routing in Networks with Directional Antennas --- p.19 / Chapter 2.4.1 --- Performance Analysis of the use of Directional Antenna in Routing --- p.20 / Chapter 2.4.2 --- Existing Routing and MAC protocols for Networks with Directional Antennas --- p.21 / Chapter 2.5 --- Chapter Summary --- p.22 / Chapter 3 --- Performance Analysis of Opportunistic Routing in Multi-hop Wireless Network --- p.24 / Chapter 3.1 --- Introduction --- p.24 / Chapter 3.2 --- Analytical Derivation of the Expected Progress per Transmission of Opportunistic Routing --- p.25 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Problem Formulations and Assumptions --- p.26 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Reception Probability of a Node in a Given Region --- p.28 / Chapter 3.2.3 --- Radio Channel Models --- p.30 / Chapter 3.2.4 --- Average Progress per Transmission --- p.32 / Chapter 3.3 --- Validation and Analytical Results --- p.34 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- Results Validation --- p.34 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- Baseline Models --- p.35 / Chapter 3.3.3 --- Results and Analysis --- p.36 / Chapter 3.4 --- Further Extension of the Model --- p.40 / Chapter 3.5 --- Chapter Summary --- p.42 / Chapter 4 --- Opportunistic Routing in Multi-hop Wireless Networks with Directional Antennas --- p.44 / Chapter 4.1 --- Introduction --- p.44 / Chapter 4.2 --- Performance Analysis of Opportunistic Routing in Networks with Directional Antennas --- p.46 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- Network Model --- p.46 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- Radio Channel Models --- p.47 / Chapter 4.2.3 --- Antenna Models --- p.49 / Chapter 4.2.4 --- Expected Progress per Transmission with Directional Antenna --- p.51 / Chapter 4.2.5 --- Simulation Setup --- p.52 / Chapter 4.2.6 --- Results and Analysis --- p.54 / Chapter 4.3 --- Maximizing the Gain of Opportunistic Routing by Adjusting Antenna Beamwidth and Direction --- p.60 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- Introduction and Motivation --- p.60 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- Network Models --- p.61 / Chapter 4.3.3 --- Algorithms --- p.61 / Chapter 4.3.4 --- Results and Discussions --- p.66 / Chapter 4.3.5 --- Section Summary --- p.71 / Chapter 4.4 --- Chapter Summary --- p.72 / Chapter 5 --- Impact of Interference on Opportunistic Routing --- p.74 / Chapter 5.1 --- Introduction --- p.74 / Chapter 5.2 --- Interference Model --- p.75 / Chapter 5.3 --- MAC Protocols --- p.76 / Chapter 5.4 --- Simulation Results and Discussions --- p.78 / Chapter 5.4.1 --- Simulation Setup --- p.78 / Chapter 5.4.2 --- Baseline Models --- p.78 / Chapter 5.4.3 --- Results and Analysis --- p.79 / Chapter 5.5 --- Chapter Summary --- p.84 / Chapter 6 --- Threshold-based Opportunistic Routing Protocol --- p.86 / Chapter 6.1 --- Introduction --- p.86 / Chapter 6.2 --- Limitations of Existing Opportunistic Routing Protocols --- p.87 / Chapter 6.3 --- System Model --- p.89 / Chapter 6.4 --- Operating Principles of TORP --- p.91 / Chapter 6.5 --- Protocol Details --- p.93 / Chapter 6.5.1 --- Forwarding Set Computation --- p.93 / Chapter 6.5.2 --- Update of Forwarding Set and Remaining Transmission Counts --- p.97 / Chapter 6.5.3 --- Forwarding Threshold Computation and Details of the Packet Forwarding Process --- p.100 / Chapter 6.5.4 --- Node State --- p.101 / Chapter 6.5.5 --- Packet Format --- p.101 / Chapter 6.5.6 --- Batched Acknowledgement --- p.102 / Chapter 6.6 --- Advantages of TORP --- p.102 / Chapter 6.6.1 --- Distributed Forwarding Set Computation --- p.102 / Chapter 6.6.2 --- Threshold-based Forwarding --- p.103 / Chapter 6.6.3 --- MAC-Independence --- p.104 / Chapter 6.7 --- Protocol Extensions --- p.104 / Chapter 6.7.1 --- Implicit ACK --- p.104 / Chapter 6.7.2 --- Progress Recovery --- p.105 / Chapter 6.7.3 --- Modification of TORP for Large Networks --- p.106 / Chapter 6.8 --- Results and Discussions --- p.106 / Chapter 6.8.1 --- Simulation Setup --- p.106 / Chapter 6.8.2 --- Baseline Models --- p.107 / Chapter 6.8.3 --- Performance Evaluations and Analysis --- p.108 / Chapter 6.9 --- Chapter Summary --- p.116 / Chapter 7 --- Conclusion and Future Works --- p.118 / Chapter 7.1 --- Conclusion --- p.118 / Chapter 7.2 --- Future Work --- p.120 / Bibliography --- p.122

Zhang, Zhenyi. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 55-[58]). / Abstracts in Chinese and English. / Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 2 --- Problem Formulation --- p.4 / Chapter 3 --- Examples --- p.7 / Chapter 3.1 --- Examples of Undirected Graph --- p.7 / Chapter 3.1.1 --- Example 1: SPF Routing --- p.7 / Chapter 3.1.2 --- Example 2: rings --- p.7 / Chapter 3.1.3 --- Example 3: grid --- p.8 / Chapter 3.1.4 --- Example 4: cube --- p.9 / Chapter 3.1.5 --- Example 5: random graph X --- p.10 / Chapter 3.1.6 --- Example 6: random graph Y --- p.10 / Chapter 3.2 --- An Example for Directive Graph --- p.11 / Chapter 4 --- The Framework --- p.13 / Chapter 4.1 --- The distributed algorithm --- p.13 / Chapter 4.2 --- The modules --- p.14 / Chapter 4.3 --- Path control --- p.15 / Chapter 4.4 --- The forwarding module --- p.18 / Chapter 4.5 --- The routing module --- p.19 / Chapter 4.5.1 --- Non-weighted Routing (NWR) --- p.19 / Chapter 4.5.2 --- Weighted Routing (WR) --- p.20 / Chapter 4.6 --- Packet Aggregation (PKA) --- p.21 / Chapter 5 --- Experiments of Path Aggregation --- p.23 / Chapter 5.1 --- System Setup --- p.24 / Chapter 5.2 --- Experiment Results --- p.25 / Chapter 6 --- Convergence --- p.28 / Chapter 6.1 --- Simulation study --- p.34 / Chapter 6.2 --- Optimality --- p.34 / Chapter 6.3 --- Speed of Convergence --- p.37 / Chapter 7 --- The adaptive property --- p.41 / Chapter 7.1 --- Adapting to new links --- p.42 / Chapter 7.2 --- Adapting to topology changing --- p.43 / Chapter 7.3 --- Adapting to interference and congestion --- p.45 / Chapter 7.4 --- Adapting to traffic flows --- p.45 / Chapter 7.5 --- Adapting to capacity --- p.46 / Chapter 8 --- Related works --- p.48 / Chapter 8.1 --- Spanning Tree --- p.48 / Chapter 8.2 --- Minimum Equivalent Directed Graph Problem --- p.49 / Chapter 8.3 --- Topology Control --- p.50 / Chapter 8.4 --- The Relationship with our problem --- p.53 / Chapter 9 --- Conclusion --- p.54

Les réseaux véhiculaires sont passés du stade de simple curiosité pour revêtir aujourd'hui un intérêt certain aussi bien du point de vue de l'industrie automobile que des opérateurs de réseaux et services. Ces réseaux sont en effet une classe émergente de réseaux sans fil permettant des échanges de données entre véhicules ou encore entre véhicules et infrastructure. Ils suscitent un intérêt certain aussi bien en Europe qu’au Japon et en Amérique du Nord, dans le but de fournir de nouvelles technologies capables d'améliorer la sécurité et l'efficacité des transports routiers. Suivant cette même vision, nous nous intéressons dans cette thèse aux communications inter-véhicules dans un environnement urbain. Notre objectif est de proposer des solutions de routage ad hoc et de dissémination géolocalisée, adaptées à un environnement ville, répondant à la fois aux exigences et besoins technologiques des cas d'utilisation envisagés (principalement des services d'information et de confort), mais aussi et surtout aux contraintes des communications inter-véhiculaires ad hoc (fragmentation fréquente du réseau, connectivité intermittente, etc…). Notre démarche consiste à prendre en compte un paramètre clé qui influence le bon fonctionnement du réseau ad hoc de véhicules, à savoir la densité du réseau. Dans un premier temps, nous proposons un mécanisme distribué qui permet de caractériser de manière plus fine la densité de trafic d'un tronçon de route entre deux intersections, en fournissant une distribution spatiale des véhicules mobiles sur la voie de circulation. Ensuite, nous proposons un nouveau protocole de routage géographique, qui tire partie des caractéristiques des voies urbaines et qui intègre le mécanisme d'estimation de densité de trafic pour le routage des paquets. Pour finir, et afin de compléter les mécanismes de communication véhiculaire ad hoc (couche réseau) proposés, nous nous intéressons à la dissémination des données. Nous proposons un nouveau mécanisme distribué et ad hoc qui permet d'émuler le fonctionnement d'une infrastructure classique destinée à diffuser localement (au niveau d'une intersection) des paquets de données de manière périodique. Certains aspects de nos solutions sont évalués analytiquement alors que leurs performances sont évaluées par simulation à l'aide de l'outil QNAP, du simulateur QualNet et du modèle de mobilité réaliste VanetMobiSim. / Inter-Vehicle Communication (IVC) is attracting considerable attention from the research community and the automotive industry, where it is beneficial in providing Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) as well as assistant services for drivers and passengers. In this context, Vehicular Networks are emerging as a novel category of wireless networks, spontaneously formed between moving vehicles equipped with wireless interfaces that could have similar or different radio interface technologies, employing short-range to medium-range communication systems. The distinguished characteristics of vehicular networks such as high mobility, potentially large scale, and network partitioning introduce several challenges, which can greatly impact the future deployment of these networks. In this thesis, we focus on inter-vehicle communication in urban environments. Our main goal is to propose new routing and dissemination algorithms, which efficiently adapts to the vehicular networks characteristics and applications. Temporary disconnection in vehicular network is unavoidable. It is thereby of imminent practical interest to consider the vehicular traffic density. Therefore, at first, we propose a completely distributed and infrastructure–free mechanism for city road density estimation. Then, and based on such traffic information system, we propose a novel intersection-based geographical routing protocol, capable to find robust and optimal routes within urban environments. Finally, in order to help the efficient support of dissemination-based applications, a self-organizing mechanism to emulate a geo-localized virtual infrastructure is proposed, which can be deployed in intersections with an acceptable level of vehicular density. The advocated techniques are evaluated by a combination of network simulation and a microscopic vehicular traffic model.

At the center of the Internet’s protocol stack stands the Internet Protocol (IP) as a common denominator that enables all communication. To make routing efficient, resilient, and scalable, several aspects must be considered. Care must be taken that traffic is well balanced to make efficient use of the existing network resources, both in failure free operation and in failure scenarios. Finding the optimal routing in a network is an NP-complete problem. Therefore, routing optimization is usually performed using heuristics. This dissertation shows that a routing optimized with one objective function is often not good when looking at other objective functions. It can even be worse than unoptimized routing with respect to that objective function. After looking at failure-free routing and traffic distribution in different failure scenarios, the analysis is extended to include the loop-free alternate (LFA) IP fast reroute mechanism. Different application scenarios of LFAs are examined and a special focus is set on the fact that LFAs usually cannot protect all traffic in a network even against single link failures. Thus, the routing optimization for LFAs is targeted on both link utilization and failure coverage. Finally, the pre-congestion notification mechanism PCN for network admission control and overload protection is analyzed and optimized. Different design options for implementing the protocol are compared, before algorithms are developed for the calculation and optimization of protocol parameters and PCN-based routing. The second part of the thesis tackles a routing problem that can only be resolved on a global scale. The scalability of the Internet is at risk since a major and intensifying growth of the interdomain routing tables has been observed. Several protocols and architectures are analyzed that can be used to make interdomain routing more scalable. The most promising approach is the locator/identifier (Loc/ID) split architecture which separates routing from host identification. This way, changes in connectivity, mobility of end hosts, or traffic-engineering activities are hidden from the routing in the core of the Internet and the routing tables can be kept much smaller. All of the currently proposed Loc/ID split approaches have their downsides. In particular, the fact that most architectures use the ID for routing outside the Internet’s core is a poor design, which inhibits many of the possible features of a new routing architecture. To better understand the problems and to provide a solution for a scalable routing design that implements a true Loc/ID split, the new GLI-Split protocol is developed in this thesis, which provides separation of global and local routing and uses an ID that is independent from any routing decisions. Besides GLI-Split, several other new routing architectures implementing Loc/ID split have been proposed for the Internet. Most of them assume that a mapping system is queried for EID-to-RLOC mappings by an intermediate node at the border of an edge network. When the mapping system is queried by an intermediate node, packets are already on their way towards their destination, and therefore, the mapping system must be fast, scalable, secure, resilient, and should be able to relay packets without locators to nodes that can forward them to the correct destination. The dissertation develops a classification for all proposed mapping system architectures and shows their similarities and differences. Finally, the fast two-level mapping system FIRMS is developed. It includes security and resilience features as well as a relay service for initial packets of a flow when intermediate nodes encounter a cache miss for the EID-to-RLOC mapping. / Daten durch das Internet werden heutzutage mit dem paketbasierten Internet Protokoll (IP) übertragen. Dezentralisierte Routingprotokolle innerhalb der einzelnen Netze sorgen für eine zielgerichtete Weiterleitung der einzelnen Pakete. Diese verteilten Protokolle können auch im Fehlerfall weiterarbeiten, benötigen aber mitunter sehr lange bis Daten wieder zuverlässig am Ziel ankommen. Um im Betrieb des Internets eine hohe Leistungsfähigkeit auch bei auftretenden Problemfällen zu gewährleisten, müssen die eingesetzten Protokolle optimal eingestellt werden. Zielfunktionen zur Optimierung paketbasierter Link-State Intradomain-Routingprotokolle: Ein wichtiger Faktor für die Performanz eines Netzes ist die Auswahl der administrativen Linkkosten, anhand derer die Weiterleitungsentscheidungen im Netz getroffen werden. Mit Hilfe von Modellen für Verkehrsaufkommen und für die darunterliegende Netzarchitektur kann mit geeigneten Optimierungsmethoden das Netz für verschiedene Szenarien bestmöglich eingestellt werden. Von besonderer Wichtigkeit ist hierbei die Auswahl der betrachteten Szenarien und Zielfunktionen für die Optimierung. Eine Routingkonfiguration die optimal für ein bestimmtes Ziel ist, kann beliebig schlecht für ein anderes Ziel sein. Zum Beispiel kann eine Konfiguration, die eine besonders hohe Fehlerabdeckung erreicht, zu einer sehr schlechten Verkehrsverteilung führen. Im Rahmen der Dissertation werden heuristische Optimierungen des Routings für verschiedene Protokolle und Anwendungsszenarien durchgeführt. Darüber hinaus wird eine Pareto-Optimierung implementiert, die gleichzeitig mehrere Ziele optimieren kann. Die Analysen werden zuerst für normales Routing im fehlerfreien Fall und für Fehlerszenarien durchgeführt. Daraufhin werden verschiedenste Anwendungsfälle des IP Fast-Reroute Mechanismus Loop-Free Alternates (LFA) betrachtet. Hier wird insbesondere auf die Problematik eingegangen, dass LFAs in Abhängigkeit vom eingestellten Routing in bestimmten Fehlerfällen nicht angewendet werden können. Beim Optimieren des Routings muss hier zusätzlich zur Lastverteilung auch noch die Maximierung der Fehlerabdeckung berücksichtigt werden. Schließlich folgt eine Untersuchung und Optimierung des Pre-Congestion Notification (PCN) Verfahren zur Netzzugangskontrolle und Überlaststeuerung. Hier werden verschiedene Architekturvarianten des Protokolls miteinander verglichen und Algorithmen zur Berechnung und Optimierung wichtiger Parameter des Protokolls entwickelt. Das Wachstum der Routingtabellen im Kern des Internets droht zu einem Skalierbarkeitsproblem zu werden. Ein Grund für diese Problematik ist die duale Funktion der IP-Adresse. Sie wird einerseits zur Identifikation eines Geräts benutzt und andererseits zur Weiterleitung der Daten zu diesem Gerät. Neue Mechanismen und Protokolle die eine Trennung zwischen den beiden Funktionalitäten der IP-Adresse ermöglichen sind potentielle Kandidaten für eine bessere Skalierbarkeit des Internetroutings und damit für die Erhaltung der Funktionalität des Internets. Design eines neuen Namens- und Routingprotokolls für skalierbares Interdomain-Routing: In der Dissertation werden grundlegende Eigenschaften die zu diesem Problem führen erörtert. Daraufhin werden vorhandene Ansätze zur Verbesserung der Skalierbarkeit des Internetroutings analysiert, und es werden Gemeinsamkeiten wie auch Schwachstellen identifiziert. Auf dieser Basis wird dann ein Protokoll entwickelt, das eine strikte Trennung zwischen Identifikationsadressen (IDs) und routebaren Locator-Adressen einhält. Das GLI-Split genannte Protokoll geht dabei über den einfachen Split von vorhandenen Architekturvorschlägen hinaus und führt eine weitere Adresse ein die nur für das lokale Routing innerhalb eines Endkunden-Netzes benutzt wird. Hierdurch wird die ID eines Endgeräts vollständig unabhängig vom Routing. Durch das GLI-Split Protokoll kann das globale Routing wieder skalierbar gemacht werden. Zusätzlich bietet es viele Vorteile für Netze die das Protokoll einführen, was als Anreiz nötig ist um den Einsatz eines neuen Protokolls zu motivieren. Solch ein Identifier/Locator Split Protokoll benötigt ein Mappingsystem um die Identifier der Endgeräte in routebare Locator-Adressen zu übersetzen. Im letzten Teil der Dissertation wird eine mehrstufige Mapping-Architektur namens FIRMS entwickelt. Über ein hierarchisches Verteilungssystem, das die Adressvergabestruktur der fünf Regionalen Internet Registrare (RIRs) und der darunterliegenden Lokalen Internet Registrare (LIRs) abbildet, werden die erforderlichen Zuordnungstabellen so verteilt, dass jederzeit schnell auf die benötigten Informationen zugegriffen werden kann. Hierbei wird auch besonders auf Sicherheitsaspekte geachtet.

Recent advances in wireless sensor networks have led to an emergence of many routing protocols. Limited battery capacity of sensor nodes makes energy efficiency a major and challenge problem in wireless sensor networks. Thus, the routing protocols for wireless sensor networks must be energy efficient in order to maximise the network lifetime. In this thesis, we developed a centralised clustering, energy-efficient routing protocol for wireless sensor networks. Our protocol consists of a cluster head selection algorithm, a cluster formation scheme and a routing algorithm for the data transmission between cluster heads and the base station. The cluster head selection algorithm is performed by the base station using global information of the network. This algorithm aiming at choosing cluster heads that ensure both the intra-cluster data transmission and inter-cluster data transmission are energy-efficient. The cluster formation scheme is accomplished by exchanging messages between non-cluster-head nodes and the cluster head to ensure a balanced energy load among cluster heads. The routing algorithm is based on the optimal transmission range for the data transmission between cluster heads and the base station using multi-hop. The performance of our routing protocol is evaluated by comparing with three existing routing protocols on a simulation platform. The simulation results show that our protocol can achieve better performance in terms of energy efficiency and network lifetime. Because of the centralised algorithm and multi-hop routing, there is a small communication overhead and transmission delay when using our protocol. Since our protocol can save energy and prolong network lifetime, it is well suited for applications where energy and network lifetime are the primary considerations and small overhead and time delay can be tolerated. / http://proxy.library.adelaide.edu.au/login?url= http://library.adelaide.edu.au/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?BBID=1456494 / Thesis (M.Eng.Sc.) - University of Adelaide, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 2009

This thesis describes the design and implementation of an integrated circuit and associated packaging to be used as the building block for the data routing network of a large scale shared memory multiprocessor system. A general purpose multiprocessor depends on high-bandwidth, low-latency communications between computing elements. This thesis describes the design and construction of RN1, a novel self-routing, enhanced crossbar switch as a CMOS VLSI chip. This chip provides the basic building block for a scalable pipelined routing network with byte-wide data channels. A series of RN1 chips can be cascaded with no additional internal network components to form a multistage fault-tolerant routing switch. The chip is designed to operate at clock frequencies up to 100Mhz using Hewlett-Packard's HP34 $1.2\\mu$ process. This aggressive performance goal demands that special attention be paid to optimization of the logic architecture and circuit design.

This study presents the development of a cell-based routing model. The model developed is a two parameter hydrological routing model that uses a coarse resolution stream network to route runoff from each cell in the watershed to the outlet. The watershed is divided into a number of equal cells, which are approximated as cascade of linear reservoirs or tanks. Water is routed from a cell downstream, depending on the flow direction of the cell, using the cascade of tanks. The routing model consists of two phases, first is the overland flow routing, which is followed by the channel flow routing. In this study, the cell-to-cell stream flow routing model is applied to the Brazos River Basin to demonstrate the impact of the cascade of tanks on the flow over a simple linear reservoir method. This watershed was tested with a uniform runoff depth in absence of observed runoff data. A case study on Waller Creek in Austin, Texas with observed runoff depths and stream flow is used to demonstrate the calibration and validation of model parameters.