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Living together after genocide : a case study of reconciliation efforts in Burgesera District after 1994 Rwanda genocide.Karegye, Kamili. January 2008 (has links)
The overall objective of the research was to evaluate the achievements of reconciliation process in Bugesera district after the Rwandan 1994 genocide. Bugesera district lost over 62,000 Tutsi during genocide, being the most hit in the country. Today, the survivors and perpetrators are living together in the same district. The study is aimed at evaluating the impact of reconciliation mechanisms in place and how these mechanisms can be enhanced to get better results. The research was conducted in Bugesera district and qualitative research methods were adopted where by thirty respondents were interviewed; ten from the survivors , ten from released perpetrators of genocide, five district officials, three from NGOs and two church leaders. The research was based on both primary and secondary data, but primary data was used mostly. Most of the key concepts used in the research were explained in the literature review. From the research, it was revealed that efforts are in place to reconcile the survivors and perpetrators but people are still suspicious of one another. That a gap between survivors and perpetrators still exists, irrespective of government and patterns' efforts in bringing them together. The research suggested a number of recommendations, which would enhance reconciliation in the district. / Thesis (M.Comm.)-University of Kwazulu-Natal, 2008.
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Poverty and government expenditure: an assessment of the impact of government expenditure and interventions on poor groups with a focus on Rwanda.Musahara, Herman January 2004 (has links)
In this thesis the author undertook a poverty and policy analysis. It is argued that it is important to understand the nature, magnitude and context of poverty before one can undertake an informed policy prescription. Existing theories of poverty, welfare regimes and social policies offer a lot of useful lessons for policy, but have limitations in offering a single model for Rwanda. The thesis demonstrated that, not only is Rwandan poverty multifaceted and deep, but it is characterized by a poverty conflict trap that can be traced back to the entire post colonial period. The author argued however that the current policy is not only inefficient in targeting poverty, but it may be unable to meet the challenges of growth, redistribution and conflict mitigation. The thesis, after further analyzing policy options, puts forward a package that is needed to reduce poverty in Rwanda in the long term and to break the poverty conflict trap. The prescribed package is put forward as a comprehensive and institutionalized social policy, which Rwanda so far does not have.
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Poverty and government expenditure: an assessment of the impact of government expenditure and interventions on poor groups with a focus on Rwanda.Musahara, Herman January 2004 (has links)
In this thesis the author undertook a poverty and policy analysis. It is argued that it is important to understand the nature, magnitude and context of poverty before one can undertake an informed policy prescription. Existing theories of poverty, welfare regimes and social policies offer a lot of useful lessons for policy, but have limitations in offering a single model for Rwanda. The thesis demonstrated that, not only is Rwandan poverty multifaceted and deep, but it is characterized by a poverty conflict trap that can be traced back to the entire post colonial period. The author argued however that the current policy is not only inefficient in targeting poverty, but it may be unable to meet the challenges of growth, redistribution and conflict mitigation. The thesis, after further analyzing policy options, puts forward a package that is needed to reduce poverty in Rwanda in the long term and to break the poverty conflict trap. The prescribed package is put forward as a comprehensive and institutionalized social policy, which Rwanda so far does not have.
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Perceived barriers to tourism development in Rwanda as a tourist destinationNgenzi Kome, Yves January 2009 (has links)
Thesis (MTech (Tourism and Hospitality Management))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2009. / Tourism is regarded as the fastest growing industry in the world. Africa was
identified at the World Investment Conference in Geneva (WAIPA, 2005) as one
of the continents with a significant potential for developing tourism. Located in
sub-Saharan Africa, Rwanda is a low income, landlocked and densely populated
country in Africa. Tourism provides the best alternative for economic
development to Rwanda which does not have mineral resources unlike most
African countries. The development of tourism can contribute a lot to this country
through reduction of the level of poverty, creation of job opportunities as well as
contributing to the national income. However, the tourism industry in Rwanda is
still in its early stages due to the 1994 war. Most of the parks re-opened in
1998/1999, and still concentrate on low volume of tourists. Until now Rwanda is
not recognised among the known tourist destinations in Africa; it is believed to be
a less developed place for tourists. This study presents barriers to tourism
development in Rwanda as perceived by domestic and international tourists as
well as workers in the tourism sector of Rwanda. The study was conducted in the
four provinces of Rwanda and the capital city, Kigali. A quantitative design using
two cross-sectional questionnaires was utilised to establish the opinions of the
participants. A sample of 426 participants, including 68 international tourists, 182
domestic tourists as well as 176 workers in the tourism sector was selected to
participate in the study.
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The effects of external debt burden on capital accumulation: a case study of Rwanda.Habimana, Andre January 2005 (has links)
This study attempted to examine the nature of the relationship between high levels of external debt and capital accumulation with the case study of Rwanda.
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"Working for the Nation" : diasporic youth and the construction of belonging in the Rwandan capital.Bangerezako, Haydee 02 October 2013 (has links)
Scholarship on youth in Africa has mostly focused on unemployed young
people, portraying them as a lost generation and exploring how states have
failed them. Literature on young employed Africans has been conspicuously
absent. This research portrays how a group of young professional Rwandans
who define themselves as “diaspora” living in post-genocide Kigali, are
redefining national belonging in economic terms. Many young professionals
have moved from the diaspora to Rwanda because the state offers them a
platform where they can find employment or start their own business: an
entrepreneurial citizenship. The city of Kigali is experiencing physical and
social transformation, and these young professionals are driving such
change. The young people in this study see Rwanda as a place where they
can belong by being cosmopolitan, and especially by becoming
entrepreneurs. They feel that in Rwanda they are able to be global citizens
more easily than in the Diaspora. This feeling of global citizenship is,
ironically, what inspires in them a sense of national identity. This research
explores the youth in the broader sense of economic activity and time and
their sense of belonging in everyday life, in the capital city of Kigali.
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The effects of external debt burden on capital accumulation: a case study of Rwanda.Habimana, Andre January 2005 (has links)
This study attempted to examine the nature of the relationship between high levels of external debt and capital accumulation with the case study of Rwanda.
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Impact of farmer support and socio-economic factors on agricultural production in Gikongoro Province, Rwanda.Bizoza, Alfred Runezerwa. January 2005 (has links)
Rwanda, in its transition phase since 1994, has had the support of major international
development organizations, including the World Bank, the International Monetary
Fund (IMF), the United Nations Development Program, the US Agency for
International Development (USAID), and other development organizations. The aim
of this support is to promote Rwandan agriculture in which 45 percent of the
Rwandan GDP and 90 percent of employment share originate. The possible role that
farmers can play in this process through their small-scale farmers' associations is well
recognized by the Ministry of Agriculture in Rwanda.
Farmers in Gikongoro province, the study area, are constrained by many factors, such
as soil infertility, small land areas, and lack of access to modern inputs (e.g., seed,
fertilizer and lime) and agricultural credit. In addition, land degradation in the form of
soil erosion, soil acidity, and nutrient depletion undermines soil productivity leading
to poor crop yields, and keeps farmers dependent on potential support from
government and non-governmental projects. Between 2000 and 2004, farmers in
Gikongoro province received support from the Development Activity Program (DAP)
under the umbrella of World Vision International, Rwanda. The DAP supports
farmers mainly in land terracing for soil erosion control, and supported farmers also
receive modern inputs (fertilizer, seed and lime), storage facilities, and training.
This study analyzes the impact of agricultural assistance afforded by the DAP and
socioeconomic characteristics of households on agricultural production in Gikongoro
province. Data for this study were collected from July to August 2004 using a
stratified multistage sample of 204 household heads who are members of 24 farmers'
associations of which 10 are supported by the DAP in the three districts;
Mudasomwa, Kivu, and Nyamagabe. The study compares DAP supported and
unsupported farmers in terms of differences in household incomes and crop yields.
Descriptive statistics indicate that DAP supported farmers have significantly higher
yields, household income, and better access to modern inputs and terraced land than
unsupported farmers. These results seem to indicate that DAP support has had a
significant impact on agricultural production and household incomes in Gikongoro
province. However, these results are based only on a univariate analysis.
The relationship between socioeconomic characteristics and household potato
production in Gikongoro province was also analyzed to identify other factors that
affect food production. A recursive system of linear and log-linear equations was
estimated to analyze the effects of DAP, cultivated potato area, liquidity, gender of
the household head (producer), years of schooling, family size, and age of the
producer on farmers' productivity as measured by potato yields. Investment in
operating inputs (fertilizer, seed, and lime) was used as a determinant of potato yields.
Results indicate that cultivated potato area, liquidity, family size, and age (greater
experience and lower transaction costs) of the household head significantly increase
the use of operating inputs, which in turn has a significant positive impact on potato
yield. The study suggests that DAP may need to be more selective in supporting
farmers, focusing more on the farm size, education and family size profile of
association members when deciding where to channel support. The study also
recommends more research into the efficiency of land rental and credit markets to
better understand land and liquidity constraints to improved household production in
Gikongoro province. A networking model for supporting farmers' associations is
proposed, in which a joint role for the Rwandan government, academic and research
institutions, NGOs, and the private sector is expected to lead to sustainable
agricultural development in Gikongoro province, Rwanda. / Thesis (M.Sc.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2005.
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