Thesis (M. Soc. Sc.)--University of Hong Kong, 1991.

Thesis (M.Soc.Sc.)--University of Hong Kong, 1991. / Also available in print.

Thesis (M.S.)--Ohio University, August, 1994. / Title from PDF t.p.

Thesis (M.S. in Operations Research)--Naval Postgraduate School, September 1990. / Thesis Advisor(s): Lindsay, Glenn F. Second Reader: Bailey, Michael P. "September 1990." Description based on title screen as viewed on December 21, 2009. DTIC Identifier(s): Quality control, sampling, acceptance tests, production control, theses, mathematical models, vendors. Author(s) subject terms: Markov chain, P-chart, fraction nonconforming vs AQL. Includes bibliographical references (p. 50). Also available in print.

The most important criterion in industrial production processes is to control the required product quality and comply with the standards pre-described for the application during any stage of the process. This control begins from the entry of raw material to the plant and continues with pre-determined points. Mainly two different types of inspection and analyses are used to examine the material quality and content. These are physical and chemical analysis.In most of the production plants above mentioned analyses are made in related laboratories of the plant. Therefore, it is necessary to have &amp / #65533 / sample&amp / #65533 / to be analyzed. This &amp / #65533 / sample&amp / #65533 / should have a real &amp / #65533 / representative&amp / #65533 / property, which must carry all of the physical and chemical characteristics of the material at the point where this &amp / #65533 / sample&amp / #65533 / is taken.The present methods and systems used to take samples from any required point have some disadvantages and present some problems especially for not being &amp / #65533 / representative&amp / #65533 / . These problems are discussed in detail within this thesis study and aimed to reach a new concept and system with: - Low cost of investment - Low cost of operation - Less requirement of maintenance and calibration - The achievement of &amp / #65533 / correct&amp / #65533 / and &amp / #65533 / representative&amp / #65533 / sample As a result of the theoretical studies together with practical application works and experiments, a new concept in sampling, namely &amp / #65533 / Sampling System with Air Cannons&amp / #65533 / was introduced. The new system of sampling was tested to give better performance and practical use.

Orientadora: Profª. Drª. Roseli Frederigi Benassi / Coorientadora. Profª. Drª. Lucia Helena Gomes Coelho / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do ABC, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia Ambiental, Santo André, 2018. / Os monitoramentos ambientais de recursos hídricos são construídos por meio de resultados analíticos de variáveis ecológicas que são avaliadas por meio da aquisição de amostras. Estas devem representar o mais fielmente possível as condições e características do ambiente estudado para garantir que as tomadas de decisão baseadas neles sejam adequados. Por conta disso, este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a eficiência da utilização do cálculo de incerteza da amostragem como estratégia de garantia da representatividade dos procedimentos de coleta usados em estudos ambientais. Para isso, foram avaliadas amostras, coletadas e analisadas em duplicatas e cujos resultados foram usados para determinar a incerteza da amostragem conforme procedimento definido pelo EURACHEM no documento "Measurement uncertainty arising from sampling". Para tanto, foram avaliados pontos de coleta pertencentes a rede de monitoramento da qualidade das águas superficiais da CETESB, sendo 11 localizados em rios que cruzam a região metropolitana de São Paulo (Pinheiros, Tamanduateí e Tietê) e 9 localizados no reservatório Billings. A população de dados obtidas foi tratada por meio da análise da diferença percentual das duplicatas, para que os valores suspeitos (outliers) fossem excluídos, sendo os resultados escolhidos usados para a determinação incerteza. Por meio do cálculo de incerteza em dois níveis, foram calculadas as incertezas da amostragem e da análise observando-se que a primeira apresentou resultados maiores do que a segunda. Conclui-se, por fim, que apesar da metodologia ser adequada para avaliar o a influência da amostragem e da análise separadamente, o desenho amostral aplicado não permite avaliar as fontes de incerteza presentes em cada ponto, uma vez que considerada pontos com características hidrológicas e limnológicas bastante distintas. / The environmental monitoring of water resources is constructed through analytical results of ecological variables that are evaluated through the acquisition of samples. These should represent as accurately as possible the conditions and characteristics of the environment studied to ensure that decision-making based on them is adequate. The objective of this study is to evaluate the efficiency of the use of the uncertainty calculation of sampling as a strategy to guarantee the representativeness of the collection procedures used in environmental studies. This essay aims to evaluate the efficiency of the uncertainty estimation method as a strategy to ensure representativeness of sampling procedures used in environmental studies. For this, were evaluated the samples, which were collected and analyzed in duplicates and whose results were used to determine the sampling uncertainty according to the procedure defined by EURACHEM in the document "Measurement uncertainty arising from sampling" To that end, collection points belonging to the CETESB surface water quality monitoring network were evaluated, of which 11 were located in rivers crossing the São Paulo metropolitan area (Pinheiros, Tamanduateí and Tietê) and 9 located in the Billings reservoirs. The population of data obtained was treated by means of the analysis of the Percent Difference of the duplicates, so that the outliers were excluded, and the chosen results were used to determine uncertainty. By calculating uncertainty at two levels, we calculated the sampling and analysis uncertainties by observing that the former presented higher than the second results. Finally, it is concluded that although the methodology is adequate to evaluate the influence of sampling and analysis separately, the applied sample design does not allow to evaluate the sources of uncertainty present in each point, once considered points with hydrological and limnological characteristics quite different.