As urban municipalities grow, local governments are tasked with balancing the economic, political, social, and environmental needs of their communities in an effort to develop sustainable urban planning policies. This thesis uses the City of Red Deer as a single case study to examine a municipality's vision of urban sustainability within the context of ecological planning and protection. Concepts of ecosystem goods and services, biodiversity protection, and enhanced water quality were reviewed with research on riparian management, landscape level planning, and ecological protection to provide a lens for reviewing Red Deer's land protection framework. Ultimately, this research provides policy recommendations for development setbacks and land preservation strategies which could greatly contribute to the long-term sustainability of the community. Although this research focuses on the City of Red Deer, the policy recommendations can be applied to similar municipalities and landscapes across the nation.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the change in oral reading fluency among a sample of students (N = 44) who were randomly assigned a summer school placement. A second goal was to identify relationships between student background characteristics, student learning engagement, and reading fluency outcomes among those students who participated in summer school. Results indicated that students who were assigned to or participated in summer school did not achieve statistically greater summer learning outcomes than students who did not participate. However, summer school participants showed substantial growth in fluency outcomes during the summer intervention period. Implications for summer programs are discussed.

For artillery and medium caliber munitions utilizing electronic fuze assemblies, numerous methods exist for collection or generation of the electrical energy required to power the fuze during flight. One general method of harvesting energy from the launch event is to employ the inertia of a movable generator component to effect a change in an electrically-coupled magnetic circuit. This paper describes methods of parameter selection and model-based design for the development of a switched-flux linear electric generator (LEG) of desired characteristics. Specifically, the tasks entailed development of a dynamic model for system-level simulation and the estimation of device flux and inductance profiles from finite element models for selected material characteristics. Single-magnet and dual-magnet designs, respectively capable of unipolar or bipolar flux operation were investigated. An experimental variant of the final dual-magnet LEG design was fabricated and analyzed. Recommendations for future design tasks are discussed. Also included is a brief overview of an inertial generator concept based on the angular acceleration of a magnetic rotor. A simple example of such a transverse-flux alternator is included and analyzed with discussion of the challenges facing further design.

A faringe é um órgão muscular que se sustenta nos ossos da face e crânio. Dividindo-se em naso, oro e hipofaringe, pode ser considerada um tubo colabável que atende aos sistemas respiratório e digestivo, participando da respiração, deglutição e fonação. Sua conformação anatômica permite que fatores como obesidade, hipotonia muscular e deficiência mandibular favoreçam sua obstrução, podendo gerar a Síndrome da Apnéia Obstrutiva do Sono (SAOS). Para os pacientes portadores de deficiência mandibular, o tratamento deve desobstruir a faringe por meio de avanço mandibular, aumentando as dimensões faríngeas. A determinação do local de obstrução é fundamental para o adequado tratamento, sendo a análise cefalométrica convencional ou computadorizada, ferramenta útil nesse processo. Da mesma forma que o avanço mandibular aumenta o espaço aéreo faríngeo, espera-se que o recuo de mandíbula reduza-o. Com o objetivo de avaliar as alterações cefalométricas do espaço aéreo faríngeo frente aos procedimentos de cirurgia ortognática para correção de prognatismo mandibular, realizou-se a análise cefalométrica pré e pós-operatória de 19 pacientes submetidos a recuo de mandíbula pela técnica da osteotomia sagital de mandíbula bilateral associada a avanço de maxila por meio de osteotomia Le Fort I, utilizando-se o Programa Dolphin Imaging 10.0. Os resultados obtidos com base nas características do grupo de pacientes estudado não evidenciaram alterações estatisticamente significativas nos espaços aéreos faríngeos superior ou nasofaríngeo, médio ou orofaríngeo e inferior ou hipofaríngeo, o que permitiu concluir que o Programa Dolphin Imaging 10.0 pode ser utilizado como ferramenta para análise cefalométrica do espaço aéreo faríngeo e que a cirurgia ortognática maxilo/mandibular, para correção de prognatismo mandibular, parece não alterar os espaços aéreos faríngeos. / Pharynx is a muscular organ with is sustained by craniofacial bones. It is divided into nasal, oral and hipopharynx, and can be considered as a tube that can be closed serving both respiratory and digestive systems, participating of breathing, swallowing and speech. Its anatomical morphology permits that factors such as obesity, muscular hipotony, and mandibular deficiency, among others, facilitate its obstruction, leading to the sleep apnea syndrome (OAS). The treatment consists of surgical mandibular advancement for the desobstruction of the pharynx, once this procedure increases pharyngeal dimensions. In this context, the determination of the site of the obstruction is essential for an adequate treatment, and conventional or digital cephalometries are useful tools for this diagnosis. If mandible advancement increases pharyngeal air space it is expected that mandible setback decreases such space. In order to evaluate cephalometric alterations of pharyngeal air space after orthognatic surgeries for the correction of mandibular prognatism, cephalometric analysis of 18 patients before and after surgical correction were performed using Dolphin Imaging 10.0 Program. The surgical technique consisted of bilateral mandibular sagital osteotomy associated to maxilla advancement and mentoplasty. Results did not reveal statistical differences for 142 the superior (naso), medium (oral), and inferior (hypopharynx) pharyngeal air spaces, leading to the conclusion that Dolphin Imaging 10.0 Program can be used for the analysis of the pharyngeal air space and that the surgical procedure seems not to interfere in the airway space.

The study is experimentally inclined, with a high target precision for performance measurement. A comprehensive programme of measurements was carried out in a two-storey building, having a massive structure and dating from 1970. Measurements were made continuously during the heating season from a total of about 70 points. Readings were taken every 30 seconds, and the mean values stored in a computer every 15 minutes. Analysis of the results have been concentrated on: * Thermal inertia, and particularly that of cooling mechanisms. * Time delays in heat flows through the building envelope in response to variations in ambient temperature. * The amount of solar input beneficially retained when operating with night setback and with normal operation. The results indicate that the building has both a long time constant, of about 200 h, and a short one, of about 1.5 h. The magnitude of the shorter time constant depends on the thermal capacity of the interior of the building (furniture, curtains etc.), and can be regarded as having some validity for other apartment building stock. Analyses of temperature gradients in the internal surfaces of the exterior walls indicate that the building's ventilation system, which was originally constructed as an exhaust air ventilation system, but with the inflow of fresh air blocked off, generates a dynamic insulation effect. Calculations indicate that this effect can provide a saving of 6 % of the total heating requirement, excluding that for domestic hot water. Investigation of the static heat requirement with and without night set-back indicate a considerable potential annual saving of heating energy, amounting to a maximum of 13 %, provided that the building is heated in accordance with a prescribed strategy. A 'comfort indoor temperature' has also been determined, being the temperature above which the occupants of the building consume excessive heating energy. Theoretical models have been derived to illustrate the short time constant and to analyse the dynamic insulation effect noted. / <p>Diss. Umeå : Umeå universitet, 1987</p> / digitalisering@umu

A faringe é um órgão muscular que se sustenta nos ossos da face e crânio. Dividindo-se em naso, oro e hipofaringe, pode ser considerada um tubo colabável que atende aos sistemas respiratório e digestivo, participando da respiração, deglutição e fonação. Sua conformação anatômica permite que fatores como obesidade, hipotonia muscular e deficiência mandibular favoreçam sua obstrução, podendo gerar a Síndrome da Apnéia Obstrutiva do Sono (SAOS). Para os pacientes portadores de deficiência mandibular, o tratamento deve desobstruir a faringe por meio de avanço mandibular, aumentando as dimensões faríngeas. A determinação do local de obstrução é fundamental para o adequado tratamento, sendo a análise cefalométrica convencional ou computadorizada, ferramenta útil nesse processo. Da mesma forma que o avanço mandibular aumenta o espaço aéreo faríngeo, espera-se que o recuo de mandíbula reduza-o. Com o objetivo de avaliar as alterações cefalométricas do espaço aéreo faríngeo frente aos procedimentos de cirurgia ortognática para correção de prognatismo mandibular, realizou-se a análise cefalométrica pré e pós-operatória de 19 pacientes submetidos a recuo de mandíbula pela técnica da osteotomia sagital de mandíbula bilateral associada a avanço de maxila por meio de osteotomia Le Fort I, utilizando-se o Programa Dolphin Imaging 10.0. Os resultados obtidos com base nas características do grupo de pacientes estudado não evidenciaram alterações estatisticamente significativas nos espaços aéreos faríngeos superior ou nasofaríngeo, médio ou orofaríngeo e inferior ou hipofaríngeo, o que permitiu concluir que o Programa Dolphin Imaging 10.0 pode ser utilizado como ferramenta para análise cefalométrica do espaço aéreo faríngeo e que a cirurgia ortognática maxilo/mandibular, para correção de prognatismo mandibular, parece não alterar os espaços aéreos faríngeos. / Pharynx is a muscular organ with is sustained by craniofacial bones. It is divided into nasal, oral and hipopharynx, and can be considered as a tube that can be closed serving both respiratory and digestive systems, participating of breathing, swallowing and speech. Its anatomical morphology permits that factors such as obesity, muscular hipotony, and mandibular deficiency, among others, facilitate its obstruction, leading to the sleep apnea syndrome (OAS). The treatment consists of surgical mandibular advancement for the desobstruction of the pharynx, once this procedure increases pharyngeal dimensions. In this context, the determination of the site of the obstruction is essential for an adequate treatment, and conventional or digital cephalometries are useful tools for this diagnosis. If mandible advancement increases pharyngeal air space it is expected that mandible setback decreases such space. In order to evaluate cephalometric alterations of pharyngeal air space after orthognatic surgeries for the correction of mandibular prognatism, cephalometric analysis of 18 patients before and after surgical correction were performed using Dolphin Imaging 10.0 Program. The surgical technique consisted of bilateral mandibular sagital osteotomy associated to maxilla advancement and mentoplasty. Results did not reveal statistical differences for 142 the superior (naso), medium (oral), and inferior (hypopharynx) pharyngeal air spaces, leading to the conclusion that Dolphin Imaging 10.0 Program can be used for the analysis of the pharyngeal air space and that the surgical procedure seems not to interfere in the airway space.

No description available.

Energy efficiency of district heating systems is of great interest to energy stakeholders. However, it is not uncommon that district heating systems fail to achieve the expected performance due to inappropriate operations. Night setback is one control strategy, which has been proved to be not a suitable setting for well-insulated modern buildings in terms of both economic and energy efficiency. Therefore, identification of a night setback control is vital to district heating companies to smoothly manage their heat energy distribution to their customers. This study is motivated to automate this identification process. The method used in this thesis is a Convolutional Neural Network(CNN) approach using the concept of transfer learning. 133 substations in Oslo are used in this case study to design a machine learning model that can identify a substation as night setback or non-night setback series. The results show that the proposed method can classify the substations with approximately 97% accuracy and 91% F1-score. This shows that the proposed method has a high potential to be deployed and used in practice to identify a night setback control in district heating substations.

No description available.

Ｇｌａｓｓｅｒ（１９６９）在其「無失敗的學校」一書中指出：學校的主要問題即 在失敗問題。在我國升學主義瀰漫的國中教育情境中，各種不同的考試是造成學生失 敗或挫折感的一大來源。許多人認為失敗會導致種種不良的後果，如自信心喪失、自 尊心受損、挫折感等，而影響往後的學習與行為表現。然而，有些研究曾分別以成就 動機、學習無助、及歸因等理論為架構，探討失敗對行為表現的影響，卻發現失敗具 有增進行為表現的作用。因此，吾人有必要進一步探析：在何種情況下，失敗具有正 面的作用？在何種情況下，會產生負面的作用？ 克利芙（Ｃｌｉｆｆｏｒｄ， １９８４）不但提醒吾人不可忽視失敗的正面作用， 更以「目標」的概念來定義失敗，而提出如下假設： （１）目標難度與失敗後的建設性反應呈曲線關係； （２）個體在自定目標的工作上失敗，比在指定目標的工作上失敗，產生較積極的反 應。 本研究之目的，即在考驗克利芙的假設，以瞭解不同的目標設定與國中生學業失敗反 應的關係。此外，由於個體間生活經驗、人格特質不同，對於失敗的反應亦有差異， 因此，本研宄亦探討個別差異與失敗反應的關係。 本趼究抽枝台北市十二所國中二年級學生９２０名為施測對象。依九種操作情境（３ 種目標難度×３種目標來源），將問卷發給受試，採團體施測方式。自變項為目標難 度、目標來源、失敗容忍力、和歸因型態，依變項為失敗反應。以多元迴歸為主要統 計分析法。 研究結果發現個別差異變項比目標難度、目標來源，更能預測個體之失敗反應。克利 芙的假設並未獲支持。