The purpose of this quantitative cross-sectional study was to test the Violentization process with a group of first time adult male offenders charged with Assault Common or Assault GBH diverted from various courts in the Western Cape. The results of the study were compared to that of a similar study conducted by Holtzhausen (2015) which was done on a group of male youths from two townships in the Western Cape. With regards to this study individual interviews were conducted with 50 adult male participants between the ages of 18 and 65 respectively who were charged with one of the above offences and who were found suitable for diversion. The findings revealed that there were slight differences which could be due to the fact that the results of the study done by Holtzhausen (2015) were done with individuals who had been in conflict with the law on more than one occasions and some participants had also been incarcerated, compared to the participants of this study who were first time offenders. Furthermore, the results indicated that the majority of participants showed medium exposure and thus shows that they have in fact completed at least one or more but not all of the stages of Athens (1989) theory of Violentization. Based on the findings of this study, it is recommended that this research and its research process and data collection tool be relooked in terms of its applicability to the South African context and further be used as an assessment tool and measurement instrument in intervention services provided to persons by social workers and probation officers in various settings, such as correctional centres, courts and NGO’s.

When South Africa made the transition to democracy in 1994, led by the charismatic Nelson Mandela, it proclaimed that it would make human rights a centrepiece of its foreign policy. The international community also expected South Africa to play a leading role in promoting human rights around the world, not least due to the country's own history of gross human rights violations during apartheid. However, in the last 20 years, South Africa's track record in protecting human rights has come under scrutiny. Scholars have accused South Africa of turning a blind eye to gross human rights violations, contradicting its stated commitment to human rights. South Africa's responses to gross human rights violations in Libya, Sudan and Zimbabwe have been particularly criticised. This dissertation analyses the scholarly explanations of South Africa's contradictory behaviour in order to identify the strongest explanations on a bilateral level and a multilateral level in the context of South Africa's membership of the United Nations Human Rights Council (UNHRC). Delving into the literature on South Africa's foreign policy behaviour, I argue that South Africa has indeed failed to live up its promise of standing up for human rights. The emphasis on human rights in the country's foreign policy has also diminished over time. Most importantly, I argue that the major explanations of South Africa's contradictory behaviour are solidarity with African, developing and anti-apartheid allies; deterioration of domestic human rights regime which inevitably affects human rights promotion abroad; and South Africa's desire to be a leading conflict mediator that precludes it from criticising gross human rights violators, although there remain questions over South Africa's neutrality as a mediator.

This dissertation investigates the experiences of young womxn diagnosed and living with depression in Cape Town. The investigation focuses on the relationship between the young womxn and their bodies as they live with depression and move through depressive episodes. The ethnographic findings expand on the dissociative - depersonalization and derealizationsymptoms of depression. Secondly, the investigation focuses on problematizing the theoretical construct of the body. These young womxn experienced their bodies beyond subject/object, internal/external, body/mind dichotomies. The dissertation frames the ethnographic findings with a phenomenological lens. Additionally, the dissertation uses a sensory gaze to understand the young womxn's bodily experiences and experiences with depression.

Includes abstract. / Includes bibliographical references. / This thesis seeks to understand the ways in which the Deaf negotiate and embrace the cell phone socially. The Deaf, who can be seen as a linguistic and sensory minority within the predominant hearing society, use the cell phone to negotiate their marginalised position as people living with a hearing impairment. By doing so, the Deaf are able to extend and intensify their social relationships, which are used to overcome language barriers.

Bibliography : leaves 87-95. / This research explores the liabilities and possibilities of African regionalism in an emerging international system characterized by economic globalization. The paper concerns itself with understanding the ways in which scholars are conceiving the concept of globalization, determining the ways in which the phenomenon is impacting the international system, and discerning globalization's impact on political and economic outcomes in Africa. The paper argues that globalization is driving the establishment of a global free market capitalist economic system based on competition, efficiency and productivity. This emerging international political economic order increasingly favours economies of scale and collective capacity. That is, its organizational logic is such that only those competitors who can rapidly mobilize and deploy vast resources across a range of domains will be able to compete effectively in the system. Accordingly, the wealthy areas of the globe are organizing themselves into increasingly cohesive economic and political regional groupings. Furthermore, globalization is speeding the inclusion of poorer countries into this fiercely competitive market. However, the terms of inclusion are dictated by and in favor of the wealthiest and most powerful members of the international society. Based on this reading of international life the paper argues that more pervasive cooperation and integration is ultimately Africa's only viable development strategy. African regionalism is examined in historical perspective an assessment of past initiatives, which it is now clear have largely faltered, yields the conclusion that a fundamental strategic re-orientation is required. The constitutional, 'grand-strategy' approach to integration must give way to an orientation that emphasizes more functional economic connections below the level of the state. Thus, this paper advocates the gradual and incremental enlargement of the area of cooperation across political and economic domains within and across regions on a functional basis. The establishment of an African Free Trade Area is viewed as the most effective framework for animating a functional orientation.

Bibliography: leaves 91-94. / The paper argues that while findings justify a neo-Fordist assertion, firms are making considerable progress in the process of restructuring towards greater flexibility. There is significant progress in relations between management and labour. These changes cannot only be attributed to flexible specialisation, but also to new the political scenario in the country and globally.

Includes abstracts. / Includes bibliographical references. / The phenomenon of celebrities becoming involved in humanitarian activism is by no means new, and yet recently the amount of international attention that it attracts has increased dramatically. It appears that certain advances in media technology, coupled with shifts in international political power relations, have allowed for celebrity humanitarian activism to develop into a prominent international phenomenon. Academic studies on the topic are still relatively scarce. It is therefore the intention of this dissertation to help fill this gap by providing a descriptive analysis of the emergence and development of celebrity humanitarian activism.

Includes abstract. / Includes bibliographical references. / This essay provides a framework for explanations of the drug war's failure and its incongruity with other regional interests, most notably trade. It suggests three potential theoretical interests, most notably trade. It suggests three potential theoretical approaches - a conspiracy (realist) theory, a cultural (constructivist) theory, and a compartmentalisation (bureaucratic politics) theory.

Includes abstract. / Includes bibliographical references. / I come to my research interest through experiences as an activist, holding firm to the belief that community HIV/AIDS care work is profoundly deprivational for the women who do it. With a commitment to feminist research, I was interested in exploring what care work meant for gender equality and commensurate development consequences. Employing the theoretical framework of feminist development economics, I adopted a qualitiative methodology to explore my interests in women community HIV/AIDS care workers' experiences. Feminist epistemology holds that all in the study terrain have epistemic agency, and as such I was interested in making meaning of care workers' own representations of their experiences, and what their representations could mean for theorising about care work as a new form of social reproduction, situated in the specific space of the HIV/AIDS epidemic in South Africa.

The composition and formation of a young child's Muslim identity is situated within a contextual landscape of location, history, demographic, family, community and more which makes every child's upbringing unique. Through multiple interviews, visits and general discussions, this research sets out to understand how caregivers located in Cape Town conceptualise their world, make sense of incorporating religious practice and values into their children's daily lives, and how this is balanced with caregivers' perceptions of what a child can handle at two years old. From our interviews, three themes emerged: firstly, the histories, values and practices of caregivers shape the contextual environment of their children's religious upbringing. Secondly, in addition to Islamic education and practice, a child's feelings and emotions must be nurtured to foreground a positive association with and devotion to Islam. Lastly, notions of time demarcate and shape how caregivers temporalize their child-rearing practices. The aim of this research is to contribute towards the growing discourses around childhood and religion through an ethnography of child-rearing in Cape Town.