Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1969. / eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 2002. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 383-401).

Thesis--Wisconsin. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 343-355).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Florida State University, 2006. / Advisor: Robert Gutierrez, Florida State University, College of Education, Dept. of Middle and Secondary Education. Title and description from dissertation home page (viewed June 13, 2006). Document formatted into pages; contains vi, 58 pages. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ed.D.)--Boston University.

No description available.

This thesis offers a new approach to understanding contemporary slavery by focusing on the root causes rather than on the end result of the enslavement. Adopting this approach allows for a move away from the current tendency of homogenising victims of contemporary slavery as having been 'vulnerable in some way' prior to their exploitation and identifies precisely what those vulnerabilities are and from where they derive. The first-hand accounts of victims of contemporary slavery used in this research highlight the failings of current understandings of the 'ideal victim' which generate ideas of weak and passive individuals who find themselves caught in this crime. The notion of the 'ideal victim' does not reflect the experiences of a 'real victim', and this research explores how a person's agency interacts with overarching structures to lead them towards their exploitation. The research compares the stories gathered via in-depth interviews with individuals who have experienced conflict to those of individuals who have experienced both conflict and contemporary slavery. By giving voice to those whose stories are rarely heard, this thesis identifies the point at which those who flee conflict become vulnerable to contemporary slavery. It finds that it is rare that victims of contemporary slavery experience a complete removal of agency in the lead up to their exploitation. Instead, they experience a limiting of their agency as a result of the impact of large scale structures, such as conflict. It is this restriction of agency in the face of inherently risky options that puts them at risk of contemporary slavery. These findings have policy implications in requiring action to identify and tackle the issues most likely to limit a person's agency and lead them into making active, but not entirely autonomous, choices.

Includes bibliographical references. / The South African constitution emphasises the right of all citizens to income security if they are unable to support themselves and their dependents. Within the current context of high unemployment and poverty, this right is even more pertinent. The Disability Grant, being the only grant available to people in their working years has been widely discussed in its role as a method of poverty alleviation as well as functioning as a de facto Chronic Illness Grant and an Unemployment Grant. Although the DG has been well researched and analysed at a policy level, it is still seen to be functioning in its de facto roles and is accepted as being a mistargeted grant. A qualitative research study was conducted and a sample (composed of Policy Informants, South African Social Security Agency staff and Disability Grant Recipients) were interviewed. The Disability Grant was analysed at both a policy and implementation level. The findings revealed flaws in both the Disability Grant Policy as well as its practical implementation. These highlight the need for transformation and a reimagining of social policy.

The purposes of the study were to a) examine the relationship between level of voice (LOV) and support for voice (SFV) and ideological identity exploration, and b) to expand the theoretical and empirical discussion regarding identity development and socialization forces in African American emerging adults. The study built on the empirical work of Grotevant and Cooper (1985), that established a relationship between ideological exploration, the expression of one's thoughts and opinions to parents, and the corresponding levels of support received from each parent. In keeping with Grotevant and Cooper's study, ideological identity exploration was conceptualized in the current study using Marcia's (1966) identity status model. The ability to be true to oneself, conceptualized and measured as Level of Voice (LOV) or the ability to express one's thoughts and opinions, was based on Harter's empirical work on authentic self-behavior. Support, conceptualized and measured as the perception of respect and interest in what one has to say or support for voice (SFV), was also drawn from this body of literature. Examining ideological identity and various socialization forces in African Americans was an expansion on the wider body of identity literature that predominantly focuses on racial/ethnic identity in this population. The conceptualization of familial socialization forces was expanded to include mother (figures), father (figures), adult relatives, as well as fictive kin. Furthermore, the inclusion of extrafamilial socialization forces expanded the broader body of identity literature. The relationships of peers and instructors/advisors included in this investigation were selected based on the theoretical writings of Erikson (1968). The final sample included 373 participants (67.3% female and 32.7% male) of whom 92.4% were between the ages of 18 and 23. Gender differences emerged relative to the collective influence of LOV and SFV on exploration, as well as to the influence of the various relational contexts under investigation. Males with higher levels of exploration had higher LOV with father (figures) and lower LOV with instructors/advisors. Females with higher exploration levels indicated increased LOV with fictive kin but lower LOV with adult relatives when controlling for the effects of familial SFV. / A Dissertation submitted to the Department of Family and Child Sciences in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. / Spring Semester, 2006. / March 24, 2006. / Family Relations, Social Relations, Identity, True Self-Behavior, Support / Includes bibliographical references. / Ann K. Mullis, Professor Directing Dissertation; Stephen A. Rollin, Outside Committee Member; Mary W. Hicks, Committee Member; Ronald L. Mullis, Committee Member.

The presence of a sexually transmitted infection (STI) causes numerous physiological and psychological changes in the lives of those infected. In general, people with STIs tend to have higher rates of depression, higher rates of stress, and lower levels of self-esteem as a result of the disease. The notion of stress management for individuals with Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection is even more critical in that research suggests stress and depression are associated with lower levels of immune functioning. Review of medical and social science literature revealed a substantial gap in research that examined the impact of health stress and depressive symptomatology among young adults with HPV infection. The purpose of this study was to examine differences among young adults with HPV, young adults with other STIs, and young adults with no sexually transmitted infections with regard to general health stress, gynecologic/urologic health stress, and depressive symptomatology. This study also examined the mediating effects of partner connectedness and self-esteem on the relationship between general health stress and depressive symptomatology when controlling for gender among the groups. Additionally, the mediating effects of partner connectedness and self-esteem on the relationship between gynecologic and urologic health stress and depressive symptomatology were also examined among the three groups. Family Stress Theory, the ABCX model, and Erikson's Theory of Psychosocial Development were utilized as the theoretical frameworks for this research. Data for this study were taken from the third wave of The National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health), a nationally representative survey of adolescent health behaviors and outcomes in young adulthood. The sample consisted of 322 young adults who participated in Wave III interviews when they were between 18 and 26 years of age. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was used to validate the index of questions chosen a priori (based on theoretical considerations) for each variable by demonstrating that its constituent items load on the same factor, and to eliminate proposed items which cross-loaded on more than one factor. Factor scores and reliabilities of the models were computed to ensure unidimensionality and internal consistency as estimated by a coefficient alpha level. Other assessments of adequacy were done to test the hypothesized factor models, including the Keiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy and the Bartlett Test of Sphericity. One-way analysis of variance was conducted to test the hypotheses that there would be no group differences with regard to levels of general and gynecologic/urologic health stress, partner connectedness, self-esteem, and depressive symptomatology. A series of hierarchical regression analyses and a 3x2 factorial analysis of covariance were conducted to address the three research questions posed for this study. Results of this study yielded significant differences among young adults with HPV, young adults with other STIs, and young adults with no STIs, with regard to depressive symptomatology and partner connectedness. Respondents with HPV and other STIs experienced higher levels of depressive symptomatology than those with no STIs; however, young adults with no STIs reported significantly more partner connectedness than those with HPV and those with other STIs; young adults with other STIs reported significantly more partner connectedness than those with HPV. For young adults with HPV, hierarchical regression analyses indicated that general health stress and being female were significant predictors of depressive symptomatology. General health stress was the only factor in this group to have significant effects on depressive symptomatology, in that an increase in general health stress resulted in an increase in depressive symptomatology. Among respondents with other STIs, general health stress and partner connectedness were significant predictors of depressive symptomatology. General health stress was the only factor to have significant effects on depressive symptomatology in this group, in that an increase in general health stress resulted in an increase in depressive symptomatology. For young adults with no STIs, only self-esteem significantly predicted depressive symptomatology. In addition, self-esteem was the only factor to have significant effects on depressive symptomatology, in that as self-esteem increased among this group, depressive symptomatology decreased. The model that incorporated gynecologic/urologic health stress had no predictive ability among any of the groups, which indicated a poor fit of the model. Related findings indicated that females experienced significantly more depressive symptomatology and higher levels of gynecologic/urologic health stress than males; however, males perceived that their health was significantly better than females. With regard to health perceptions among groups, respondents with no STIs perceived that their health was better than those with HPV and those with other STIs. Implications for research, theory, and family health education are provided, including recommendations for future studies, theoretical applications, and the role of family and health educators in general health stress and HPV prevention. / A Dissertation submitted to the Department of Family and Child Sciences in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. / Spring Semester, 2008. / March 19, 2008. / Self-esteem, Partner Connectedness, HPV, Depression, Stress, Sexually Transmitted Infections / Includes bibliographical references. / Carol A. Darling, Professor Directing Dissertation; Marsha Rehm Departmental, Committee Member; Gary Peterson, Outside Committee Member.