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A qualitative study, using grounded theory methodology, was conducted to explore the decision-making process of at-risk older adults who chose to remain living in a situation which did not meet their functional needs. The six subjects participating in the study ranged in age from 72 to 91 years of age. Each of the subjects lived alone in a private residence. The development of a framework began with subcategories and their properties derived from data bits which led to emerging categories, to core variables and finally to the resultant substantive theory of managing survival and its implications. Insight into the decision making process of the older adult to remain at risk was identified. Implications suggest ways nurse case managers can help clients achieve their goals while containing cost and assisting the older adult to maintain their independence.

Responses of ten Native American men, who reported being homeless for at least six months, waiver slightly from the hypothesis that their concept of home denotes community, family, and an indigenous connection to the land. However, they did strategically cope to create home-like atmospheres. Direct answers show that home provides basic necessities, safety, and emotions of well-being, like belonging. Scrutiny of the complete contexts of these men's lives show that friendship often replaced a lack of family. Some participants referred to an indigenous connection to the land and to home as being more than one place, including a natal reservation. Adoption and a period of time away from culture, an uprootedness, also characterized these lives. Researcher recommendations include a permanent wet/dry residence, a camping area, and provisions for more culturally specific homeless services.

<p> The identification of factors contributing to the farmers' non-retention of subsidy dollars is key in identifying the impact of the subsidy within and across the sector. Relaxing the assumption of perfect competition, amongst input suppliers, allows for an analysis of two upstream of complementary goods. Because it is the case that the farmers are price takers for some inputs (seed) and may negotiate over the price of others (land), I assume the upstream input providers are more akin to Bertrand competition. General findings, from the theoretical and experimental results, indicate upstream market power as having a significant impact on the economic subsidy incidence; and the complementary between the famer's inputs is the main driving force of the results.</p>

This study utilizes the concept of disarticulated accumulation to explore the associations among relations of dominance in the world-economy and human welfare in less developed nations. Disarticulation is cast as the primary intervening factor between dominance and human welfare. / Multiple regression techniques are applied to cross-sectional data in order to test the effects of dominance and disarticulation on human welfare. Additional tests assess the intervening role of disarticulation in the effects of dominance on human welfare. / Both dominance and disarticulation are found to have significant negative effects on human welfare. Disarticulation is found to mediate the effects of dominance on human welfare. This analysis concludes that disarticulation is an important, but overlooked, determinant of human welfare in less developed nations. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 54-02, Section: A, page: 0701. / Major Professor: J. Michael Armer. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Florida State University, 1993.

The Education for Handicapped Children's Act, re-authorized in 1986, mandates special education and related services for all children with handicaps, ages 3 to 21. Perhaps the most confusing aspect of the law involves the interpretation of providing health related services required by children with disabilities. The law has created, in theory, a partnership between parents and professionals in sharing their specialized knowledge and collaborating in implementing services. / The study, conducted in a preschool class for children who had a range of handicapping conditions, used a qualitative strategy. It began with an interest in (a) how school personnel use health and medical information in the performance of their specialized roles and (b) the processes staff use in developing a shared understanding of the information and a coordinated course of action for individual children. The inquiry, however, expanded to include the critical role parents play in brokering information between the medical system and the educational system. / Findings from this study indicate that the lives of children with handicaps are managed by three different social systems: family, medical, and education. Each of these social environments has its own purpose, structure, rules, and perceptions. Communication between the three systems frequently is very difficult because all three are simultaneously but independently involved in assessment, diagnoses, prognoses, developing plans, and establishing outcome measures. Three factors contribute to the ease of communication and coordination between the systems: (a) a definitive etiology of the child's handicap; (b) a definitive diagnostic label of the handicapping condition; and (c) the degree to which the handicap is visible. The study was conducted in a a preschool class for children who have a range of handicapping conditions. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 51-12, Section: A, page: 4087. / Major Professor: Pearl E. Tait. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Florida State University, 1990.

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships among several variables including four indices of organizational culture gaps, job satisfaction, job performance, the perception of performance appraisal fairness, salary, and caseload size. Two hundred and twelve counselors in the state of Florida completed three questionnaires for this study: the Rehabilitation Job Satisfaction Inventory, the Kilmann-Saxton Culture Gap Survey, and a demographic questionnaire designed for this study. / Multiple regression analyses procedures were used to examine the relationships among the culture gap indices, perception of performance appraisal, caseload size, and salary fairness and job satisfaction and job performance (dependent variables). Perception of performance appraisal, caseload size fairness and the task support culture gap were found to be predictive of job satisfaction. Task innovation culture gap and perception of salary fairness were found to be predictive of job performance. The seven independent variables in combination were found to explain 28% of the variance in job satisfaction and 07% of the variance in job performance. The relationship between job satisfaction and performance was not found to be significant. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 52-01, Section: A, page: 0079. / Major Professor: E. Jane Burkhead. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Florida State University, 1990.

The General Educational Development (GED) exam provides a "second chance" for people who, for various reasons, did not complete a secondary school program. The purpose of this study was to examine the differences in salary, employment and enrollment in post-secondary education associated with completion of the General Educational Development (GED) exam, as well as an examination of differences between students who participated in formal GED preparation classes and people who were receiving public assistance. / Four null hypotheses were formulated to answer the research questions. A survey questionnaire was developed to gather data related to answering the hypotheses. Subjects included 1988-90 GED graduates in New York State. Multiple regression analysis and analysis of covariance were used to analyze the data. / Analysis of the data found that there was no significant difference in employment or salary over time following acquisition of the General Educational Development (GED) exam. However, there was a significant difference in post-secondary education enrollment. Also, there was no relationship between receiving public assistance and salary or employment. However, there were reported changes in people's lives. People reported increased self-esteem, feeling "better" about themselves and more self confident. They also reported an increase in family literacy activities, including reading to children and helping them with homework, watching the news, reading newspapers, writing letters and going to the library. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 52-10, Section: A, page: 3503. / Major Professor: Mary L. Pankowski. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Florida State University, 1991.