Thesis (D. Min.)--Western Seminary, Portland, OR, 2001. / Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 241-246).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, Santa Cruz 2003. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 302-315).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1998. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 163-171).

Thesis (doctoral)--Oulun yliopisto, 1992. / Extra t.p. with thesis statement inserted. Summary in English. Includes bibliographical references (p. 246-258).

Thesis (Ph. D. in Sociology)--Vanderbilt University, Aug. 2007. / Title from title screen. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.A. (Political & International Studies)) - Rhodes University, 2009. / A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Politics at Department of Political and International Studies.

Thesis (MA (Archaeology))--University of Stellenbosch, 1985. / This thesis consists of five separate studies (Chapters 2-6), each presented in the form of a self contained research paper. Chapter 2 deals with the analysis of palynomorph (pollen and spore) assemblages, while Chapters 3 to 6 deal with the analysis of charcoal assemblages. The pollen record preserved in the 3 m deep Norga Peat, located on the coastal platform west of the town of George (Fig.l.l), was analysed using measures of relative abundance of identified pollen types and by measures of pollen concentration. Evidence for three climatic phases in the last 4 000 years was obtained. In the earliest phase 4000 - 2500 B.P. conditions were favourable for the spread of forest, the climate was equable and adequate rain was received in summer. From 2500 - 1800 B.P. the climate was less favourable and west of George, forest vegetation only survived in protected and relatively well watered kloofs and lower mountain slopes. The climate then ameliorated and since 1800 B.P. conditions have been similar to the present. However, the present day climate is not as favourable for forest vegetation as was the climate during the Holocene climatic optimum before 2500 B. P • The Cango Valley lies 75 km north of the Norga site, inland of the town of Oudtshoorn and below the Swartberg Mountains. ...

Thesis (MSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2003. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The Peace Parks Foundation (PPF) was established in 1997 to facilitate Transfrontier Conservation (TFCA) initiatives in the SADC region and thereby support economic development, conservation of biodiversity, as well as the promotion of regional peace and stability. To this effect, their regional planners require a thorough knowledge of the condition of areas in which the estimated actions will be carried out. To date, the PPF have used base datasets, such as land cover and population densities, in their GIS projects to support their decision making processes. However, they have realised the importance of developing rigorous methods for the extraction and generalization of biodiversity information for informed conservation decisions. The main aim of this study was, therefore, to develop a spatial framework for the generalisation and integration of data to become meaningful information that may be readily interpreted. The resultant framework represents a methodology for, firstly, identifying and, secondly, prioritizing core natural areas or units (CNU). CNUs were modelled to represent large blocks (minimum 100 km') of contiguous natural vegetation that are far from major roads and densely populated places. They were, then, ranked into three classes of importance (low, medium and high) according to an ecological value derived for each. This made the framework comprehensive in its considerations of regional biodiversity and robust enough to be used for planning at the SADC scale. By organising data and quantitative approaches logically in a robust, but rigorous, way, spatial frameworks provide the structure for combining specialized knowledge as well as scientific analysis and pragmatic politics in an effective planning process. This could guide plans which are proactive instead of reactive, visionary as well as pragmatic and well founded in research and understanding. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die Peace Parks Foundation (PPF) was gestig in 1997 om oorgrens bewarings-initiatiewe in die SADC streek te fasiliteer en daardeur steun te verleen aan ekonomiese ontwikkeling, die bewaring van biodiversiteit asook die bevordering van vrede en stabiliteit in die streek. Om dit te behaal benodig die betrokke streeksbeplanners 'n grondige kennis van die toestand van die areas waarin die beoogdede aksies uitgevoer sal word. Tot op hede het die PPF basis datastelle, van byvoorbeeld landgebruik en populasie-digtheid, ingespan m hul GIS projekte om besluitnemingsprossese te ondersteun. Daar is egter besef dat dit van hoogste belang is om deeglike metodes te onwikkel vir die onttrekking van biodiversiteits-informasie sodat ingeligte besluitneming moontlik gemaak kan word. Gevolglik was die hoof oogmerk van hierdie studie om 'n ruimtelike verwysingsraamwerk te ontwikkel wat data kan veralgemeen en integreer tot betekenisvolle inligting wat geredelik interpreteerbaar is. Die daaruit-vloeiende raamwerk stel 'n metodologie voor wat Kern Natuurlike Areas (KNA) eerstens kan identifiseer en tweedens kan prioritiseer. Hierdie KNA is gemodelleer om groot blokke (minstens 100km2 ) van aaneenlopende natuurlike plantegroei, ver van hoofpaaie en dig bevolkte gebiede, voor te stel. Hulle is hieropvolgend gesorteer in drie range van belangrikheid (laag, medium en hoog) na gelang van 'n ekologiese waarde wat vir elk afgelei is. Hierdeur is die raamwerk, in terme van voldoende oorwegings teenoor streeks-biodiversiteit, omvattend gemaak en terselfdertyd robuus vir beplanning op die SADC skaal. Deur data en kwalitatiewe benaderings logies en in 'n deeglike en robuuste wyse te organiseer, bied ruimtelike verwysingsraamwerke die struktuur om gespesialiseerde kennis met wetenskaplike analise en pragmatiese politiek te kombineer in 'n effektiewe beplanningsproses. Hierdeur kan planne geformuleer word wat proaktief is instede van reaktief, visionêr sowel as pragmaties, en terselfdertyd goed gefundeer bly op navorsing en begrip.

Thesis (MScAgric)--Stellenbosch University, 2014. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Southern highbush (SHB) blueberries are relatively new to the blueberry industry and are adapted to grow in areas with low winter chilling and therefore can be grown in the Mediterranean-type climate of South Africa. The blueberry industry in South Africa is still relatively young, but it is quickly expanding and therefore appropriate cultivation practises are becoming more important. This study mainly focuses on the appropriate fertilization practises for SHB cultivars Snowchaser and Emerald grown in an ever-greening system. Plants were cultivated in plant containers in a netted tunnel in the Paarl district of South Africa. All plants received continuous fertigation with a standard commercial nutrient solution containing nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, calcium and all micro-elements. Carbohydrate patterns were determined on newly established tissue culture plants at two-weekly intervals from April 2013 to June 2014 and macro nutrient patterns were determined at four-weekly intervals from May 2013 to June 2014. The phenology of these plants was also visually assessed during the sampling period. Macro nutrient content was determined for two-year old „Snowchaser‟ and „Emerald‟ plants at five phenological stages during the 2013/2014 season and nutrient losses due to harvest and pruning was recorded. The phenology of evergreen „Snowchaser‟ and „Emerald‟ SHB blueberries were very different from deciduous blueberries, to such an extent that fruit could be harvested at the end of winter to early spring. Carbohydrate patterns differed between the first and the second season. Reserve carbohydrates were accumulated in the first season, but not in the second season possibly due to the difference in photosynthate production between the seasons. Plants were significantly bigger, with higher total leaf area, in the second season and it could be that carbohydrates from current photosynthesis were enough to supply new growth, thus making reserves less important. Carbohydrates could also have been used to increase flower bud development instead of being stored as reserves in the second season. Nutrient patterns also differed between the two seasons, but nutrient accumulation was apparent in the second season and not in the first. Nutrient uptake was highest when plants were growing rapidly, emphasizing the importance of fertilizer during periods of rapid growth. Huge fluctuations in the nutrient concentration patterns in the root, shoot and leaf tissues were observed over the sampling period and could have been a result of irregular fertigation and therefore it is uncertain whether flushes in nutrient uptake was a result of higher nutrient demand by the plant. Nutrients are lost due to harvest and pruning and need to be replaced by applying the right amount of fertilizer. Nutrient uptake differs throughout the season as the demand for nutrients fluctuates and therefore fertilizers should be applied at different rates during the season. In the two-year old plants, the most nutrients were accumulated after summer pruning and before growth cessation and therefore most of the fertilization would occur during this stage. Recommendations for correcting nutrient losses due to harvest and pruning are made, together with recommendations for rate and timing of fertilizer application throughout the season. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: „Southern highbush‟ (SHB) bloubessies is ‟n relatiewe nuwe ontwikkeling in die bloubessie-industrie en is aangepas om in minder koue areas aangeplant te word en daarom kan hulle in die Meditereënse-tipe klimaat van Suid-Afrika aangeplant word. Die bloubessie-industrie in Suid-Afrika is nog relatief jonk, maar dit is vinnig besig om uit te brei en daarom raak geskikte verbouingspraktyke al hoe belangriker. Hierdie studie fokus hoofsaaklik op die geskikte bemestingspraktyke vir SHB kultivars Snowchaser en Emerald wat in ‟n immergroen sisteem verbou word. Plante is in houers in ‟n tonnel, wat met net bedek is, in die Paarl distrik van Suid-Afrika, aangeplant. Alle plante het dieselfde standaard kommersiële verreikte wateroplossing, teen ‟n konstante vloei, ontvang. Die oplossing het stikstof, fosfor, kalium, magnesium, kalsium en al die mikro-elemente bevat. Koolhidraatpatrone is in twee-weeklikse intervalle, vanaf April 2013 tot Junie 2014, vir nuut gevestigde weefselkultuurplante bepaal en makro-element patrone is in vier-weeklikse intervalle, vanaf Mei 2013 tot Junie 2014, bepaal. Die fenologie van dié plante is visueel waargeneem tydens die monsternemingsperiode. Makro-elementinhoud is vir tweejarige „Snowchaser‟ en „Emerald‟ plante by vyf fenologiese stadiums tydens die 2013/2014 seisoen bepaal en die voedingstofverliese as gevolg van oes en snoei is bepaal. Die fenologie van immergroen „Snowchaser‟ en „Emerald‟ SHB bloubessies het opmerklik verskil van bladwisselende bloubessies, tot so ‟n mate dat vrugte al teen einde winter na vroeë lente geoes kon word. Koolhidraatpatrone van die eerste en tweede seisoen het verskil deurdat reserwe koolhidrate in die eerste seisoen opgebou het, maar nie in die tweede seisoen nie, moontlik as gevolg van die verskil in fotosintaatproduksie tussen die twee seisoene. Plante was opmerklik groter, met groter blaaroppervlak, in die tweede seisoen en dit kon wees dat koolhidrate van huidige fotosintese genoeg was om die groei te onderhou en sodoende die afhanklikheid van reserwes te verminder. Koolhidrate kon ook vir verhoogde blomknopontwikkeling gebruik geword het, in plaas van om as reserwes vir die tweede seisoen gestoor te word. Voedingstofpatrone het ook tussen seisoene verskil, maar voedingstofakkumulasie was duidelik in die tweede seisoen en nie in die eerste nie. Voedingstofopname was die hoogste wanneer plante vinnig gegroei het en daarom is bemesting tydens periodes van vinnige groei uiters belangrik. Groot wisselinge in die voedingstofkonsentrasiepatrone van die wortels, lote en blare is tydens die monsternemingsperiode waargeneem en onreëlmatige verrykte watertoediening kon dit veroorsaak het. Daarom is dit onseker of fluktuasies in voedingstofopname ‟n gevolg was van hoër voedingstofaanvraag deur die plant. Voedingstowwe gaan verlore deur oes en snoei en moet deur die toediening van korrekte bemesting vervang word. Voedingstofopname verskil oor die verloop van die seisoen soos die aanvraag vir voedingstowwe deur die plant verander en daarom moet bemestingstowwe teen verskillende hoeveelhede deur die seisoen toegedien word. In die tweejarige plante is meeste van die voedingstowwe ná somersnoei en voor groeistaking opgeneem en daarom moet meeste van die bemesting tydens hierdie stadium toegedien word. Aanbevelings vir die korrigering van voedingstofverliese as gevolg van oes en snoei, tesame met aanbevelings vir die hoeveelheid en tyd van bemestingstoediening deur die seisoen, word gemaak.

For many decades, black rural women have been underprivileged, illiterate, with limited access to resources in general. They were not only faced with discrimination and segregation, both in organised labour markets and in informal sector employment, but they also had different legal rights regarding inheritance, land and credit. They got less education if any at all, lower pay, although they worked longer hours and had less access to professional training then men (Moser, 1993). For many years, development projects have been technical projects or construction projects focussing on construction work. Since the 1970s, possibilities for women participating in the planning, management and maintenance of development projects were broadened. In many of the projects, the project managers/planners would say that they have worked with the villages, leaders and committees, yet the majority of the time, they work with males living in the village. Women are usually targeted only for health education. More gender sensitive approach was shown in the 1980s, when women had several roles to play in matters of development (Syme, 1992: 6). In the past couple of years, South Africa has had a growing acceptance of a gender-focused approach to development. In accepting the gender-focused approach to development, the country went as far as creating a department of women, children and disabled to fight for the rights of women, children and the disabled. The country also signed a protocol of the SADC on gender and development. This protocol encompasses commitments made in all regional, global and continental instruments for achieving gender equality. It enhances these instruments by addressing gaps and setting specific, measurable targets where these do not already exist. The protocol advances gender equality by ensuring accountability by all SADC member states, as well as providing a forum for the sharing of best practices, peer support and review (SADC, 2008).