Thesis (doctoral)--Université de Genève, 1994. / Material type: Dissertations. Includes bibliographical references (p. 305-323) and index.

Typescript (photocopy). / Digitized by Kansas Correctional Industries

Thesis (D. Jur.)--York University, 2000. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 377-399). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/yorku/fullcit?pNQ59160.

Zugl.: Diss. Univ. Basel, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references and index.

Univ., Diss.--Saarbrücken, 2004. / Literaturverz. S. [289] - 298 . Text überw. dt., teilw. franz.

L.LD. (Private International Law) / The United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (the CISG or the Vienna Sales Convention) was adopted at a diplomatic conference of the United Nations held in Vienna during 1980. The Convention came into force on 1 January 1988. According to its preamble, the Convention is based on the premise that “the adoption of uniform rules which govern contracts for the international sale of goods and take into account the different social, economic and legal systems would contribute to the removal of legal barriers in international trade and promote the development of international trade”. The CISG has proven to be successful in its endeavour and currently has 74 member states representative of all legal traditions. As an international convention, the CISG has been lauded for its “simplicity, practicality and clarity”. Schlechtriem observed that the CISG has now gained worldwide acceptance. It has even been stated that the CISG has established a “world law on international sales” and that it has influenced several domestic sales laws. It is submitted that the CISG constitutes an important component of modern international commercial law or of the modern lex mercatoria. Therefore, a study that aims to establish a better understanding of the scope and functioning of the CISG and its relationship with domestic law, is of special relevance for the international business and legal community. The two basic methods of the unification of law, ie the unification of substantive law and the unification of private international law, have both been utilised in the field of the international sale of goods. The CISG is the most notable example of first mentioned method of unification.

University of Macau / Faculty of Law

No description available.

The central focus is on the testing of the causes and effects of export earnings instability in Brazil, 1953-1983. While Brazil has been included in some cross-sectional studies of fluctuations in export earnings, it has not been the subject of a case study, as is provided here. We test the traditional theory which stipulates that increased diversification of exports will decrease export earnings instability, and that in turn, a decrease in export earnings instability will enhance economic growth. While we do find that export diversification in Brazil did result in lower export earnings instability, the lower export earnings instability did not in turn stimulate economic growth. Our results indicate that the export earnings instability of manufactured goods was positively associated with the growth rate of Brazil's Gross National Product. The results of this case study may prove relevant to other developing countries striving to emulate the Brazilian success in diversifying into manufactured exports.

This mini-dissertation analyses whether COVID-19 can be regarded as a force majeure event in international sales contracts in Africa. It begins by looking at the history and development of force majeure (or more generally, the doctrine of excuse for non-performance) in both civil and common law legal systems. It then moves on to look at whether in terms of the provisions of the CISG, the COVID-19 pandemic can serve as an excuse for non-performance in international sales contracts governed by the CISG. Next, the domestic law of South Africa is considered, and it is analysed whether the COVID-19 pandemic can be an excuse for non-performance in international sales contracts that is governed by South African law. The mini-dissertation concludes by discussing how force majeure clauses can and should be used in international sales contracts during the COVID-19 pandemic. / Mini Dissertation (LLM (International Trade and Investment Law in Africa))--University of Pretoria, 2021. / Centre for Human Rights / LLM (International Trade and Investment Law in Africa) / Unrestricted