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Optimisation topologique de dispositifs électromagnétiques / Topology optimisation of electromagnetic devicesMohamodhosen, Bibi Safoorah Bilquis 06 December 2017 (has links)
L’Optimisation Topologique (OT) est un sujet en plein essor qui suscite l’intérêt de nombreux chercheurs depuis ces deux dernières décennies dans le domaine de l’électromagnétisme. L’OT représente une méthode très attrayante et originale car elle permet de trouver des structures innovantes sans aucun a priori. Ce travail de thèse est orienté vers l’OT des dispositifs électromagnétiques en approfondissant plusieurs aspects du sujet. Tout d’abord, un outil d’OT est développé et testé, à partir des outils existant au L2EP. En effet, l’OT requiert un outil d’éléments finis et un outil d’optimisation devant être couplés. Une méthodologie originale d’OT fondée sur les principes de la Méthode de Densité est développée et testée. Un cas test académique est utilisé afin de tester et valider le couplage des outils et la méthodologie. Une approche visant à prendre en compte le comportement non-linéaire des matériaux ferromagnétiques avec nos outils OT est également mise en place. Ensuite, la méthode est appliquée afin d’optimiser un électroaimant en 3 dimensions, représentant un cas test proche de la réalité. Ce cas test permet de comparer les résultats avec un comportement linéaire et non-linéaire des matériaux. Diverses topologies sont présentées, par rapport aux différentes formulations du problème. Par la suite, la méthodologie est appliquée à un dispositif électromagnétique plus complexe : une Génératrice Synchrone à Pôles Saillants. Cet exemple nous permet de voir comment la définition du problème d’optimisation peut grandement affecter les résultats d’OT. Quelques topologies sont présentées, et leur faisabilité est analysée / Topology Optimisation (TO) is a fast growing topic that has been sparking the interest of many researchers for the past two decades in the electromagnetic community. Its attractiveness lies in the originality of finding innovative structures without any layout a priori. This thesis work is oriented towards the TO of electromagnetic devices by elaborating on various aspects of the subject. First of all, a tool for TO is developed and tested, based on the ‘home-made’ tools available at the L2EP. As TO requires a FE and an optimisation tool working together, a coupling is done using both. Furthermore, a TO methodology is developed and tested, based on the Density Method. An academic cubic test case is used to carry out all the tests, and validate the tools and methodology. An approach is also developed to consider the nonlinear behaviour of the ferromagnetic materials with our TO tools. Afterwards, the methodology is applied to a 3D electromagnet, which represents a more real test case. This test case also serves to compare the results with linear and nonlinear behaviour of the materials used. Various topologies are presented, for different problem formulations. Subsequently, the methodology is applied to a more complex electromagnetic device: a Salient Pole Synchronous Generator. This example allows us to see how the problem definition can largely affect TO results. Some topologies are presented and their viability is discussed
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Regulador autom?tico de tens?o robusto utilizando t?cnicas de controle adaptativoCarolino, Su?lio Fernandes 01 February 2013 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2013-02-01 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / The stability of synchronous generators connected to power grid has been the object
of study and research for years. The interest in this matter is justified by the fact that much
of the electricity produced worldwide is obtained with the use of synchronous generators.
In this respect, studies have been proposed using conventional and unconventional control
techniques such as fuzzy logic, neural networks, and adaptive controllers to increase the
stabilitymargin of the systemduring sudden failures and transient disturbances. Thismaster
thesis presents a robust unconventional control strategy for maintaining the stability of
power systems and regulation of output voltage of synchronous generators connected to
the grid. The proposed control strategy comprises the integration of a sliding surface with
a linear controller. This control structure is designed to prevent the power system losing
synchronism after a sudden failure and regulation of the terminal voltage of the generator
after the fault. The feasibility of the proposed control strategy was experimentally tested
in a salient pole synchronous generator of 5 kVA in a laboratory structure / A estabilidade de geradores s?ncronos conectados a rede el?trica tem sido objeto de
estudo e investiga??es durante anos. O interesse por este assunto ? justificado pelo fato de
grande parte da energia el?trica produzida no mundo ser obtida com a utiliza??o de geradores
s?ncronos. Nesse aspecto, muitos trabalhos t?m sido propostos utilizando t?cnicas
de controle convencional e n?o convencional como l?gica fuzzy, redes neurais e controladores
adaptativos visando aumentar a margem de estabilidade do sistema quando ele est?
sujeito a falhas s?bitas e dist?rbios transit?rios. Este trabalho apresenta uma estrat?gia
de controle robusta n?o-convencional para a manuten??o da estabilidade dos sistemas de
pot?ncia e regula??o da tens?o de sa?da de geradores s?ncronos conectados ? rede el?trica.
A estrat?gia de controle utilizada ? composta pela integra??o de uma superf?cie deslizante
com um controlador linear. Esta estrutura de controle contribui para a preven??o
dos sistemas de pot?ncia de perder o sincronismo ap?s uma falha s?bita e regula??o da
tens?o terminal do gerador ap?s a falta. A viabilidade da estrat?gia de controle proposta
foi testada experimentalmente em um gerador s?ncrono de p?los salientes de 5 kVA em
uma estrutura de laborat?rio
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Estabilizador de sistema de pot?ncia para m?quinas s?ncronas de polos salientes utilizando a transformada WaveletSousa Neto, Cecilio Martins de 05 July 2013 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2013-07-05 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / The power system stabilizers are used to suppress low-frequency electromechanical
oscillations and improve the synchronous generator stability limits. This master thesis
proposes a wavelet-based power system stabilizer, composed of a new methodology for
extraction and compensation of electromechanical oscillations in electrical power systems
based on the scaling coefficient energy of the maximal overlap discrete wavelet transform
in order to reduce the effects of delay and attenuation of conventional power system stabilizers.
Moreover, the wavelet coefficient energy is used for electric oscillation detection
and triggering the power system stabilizer only in fault situations. The performance of the
proposed power system stabilizer was assessed with experimental results and comparison
with the conventional power system stabilizer. Furthermore, the effects of the mother
wavelet were also evaluated in this work / Os estabilizadores de sistemas de pot?ncia s?o empregados para suprimir oscila??es
eletromec?nicas, de baixa frequ?ncia, e estender os limites de estabilidade de geradores
s?ncronos. Prop?e-se nesta disserta??o de mestrado um estabilizador de sistema de pot?ncia
baseado nas wavelets, composta por uma novametodologia para extra??o e compensa??o
de oscila??es eletromec?nicas em sistemas el?tricos de pot?ncia baseada nas energias
dos coeficientes de aproxima??o da transformada wavelet discreta redundante, com o objetivo
de reduzir os efeitos de atraso e atenua??es dos estabilizadores de sistemas de pot?ncia
convencionais. Por outro lado, as energias dos coeficientes wavelet s?o utilizadas
para detec??o das oscila??es el?tricas e habilita??o do estabilizador de sistema de pot?ncia
proposto apenas nas situa??es de falta. A efic?cia do desempenho do estabilizador de
sistema de pot?ncia proposto foi comprovada por meio de resultados experimentais, cujo
desempenho foi comparado com o desempenho do estabilizador de sistema de pot?ncia
convencional. Al?m disso, os efeitos das wavelets m?es tamb?m foram avaliados
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