Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1939. / Typescript. Includes abstract and vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 54-56).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Minnesota, 1924. / Thesis note in foot-note on p. 3. "References cited": p. 60-61.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Minnesota, 1924. / Thesis note in foot-note on p. 3. "References cited": p. 60-61.

Inaug.-diss.--Leipzig.

No description available.

During the historic mining episodes at Cagle Saltpetre Cave, wooden leaching vats needed for the lixiviation of calcium nitrate from mined sediments (from which saltpeter was then produced) were constructed and used in the cave. When mining operations ceased, these features were abandoned and preserved in situ, some remaining virtually intact. Their remarkable preservation enabled tree-ring dating of timbers associated with these vats to be accomplished. Tree rings from oak planks used in the construction of the leaching vats were measured to 0.001 mm precision on a Velmex measuring system. Using COFECHA software, we crossdated the measurement series to both the Norris Dam State Park and Piney Creek Pocket Wilderness white oak reference chronologies, spanning the years from 1633 to 1982, obtained from the International Tree-Ring Data Bank. Graphical comparisons via scatter plots were inspected to ensure correct temporal placements. The final chronology developed from 39 dated series correlated very highly with the Norris Dam State Park reference chronology (r = 0.49, n = 170 yrs, t = 7.29, p < 0.0001) and verified that our site chronology extends from 1692 to 1861. The results of our analyses indicate that saltpeter was mined and processed at the site during separate episodes throughout the 19th Century. Additionally, saltpeter-processing technology changed throughout the course of the mining operations.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:06:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PauloHCF_DISSERT.pdf: 1512576 bytes, checksum: ec50ef7eb7dc51a6d221e75854fea430 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-12-20 / This work had to verify the influence of massar?, while mortar component, in the process of formation of saltpeter in cementitious plaster walls of buildings. The massar? is a ceramic material, texture areno usually found in large volumes argillaceous sediments in Teresina, Piaui State capital, which is associated with the Portland cement mortar form for fixing and finishing in construction. Saltpeter or flowering is a pathology that happens in gypsum wallboard, which invariably reaction between soluble salts present in materials, water and oxygen. This pathology, supposedly credited to massar? caused its use to suffer significant reduction in the market of the buildings. Verify this situation with particular scientific rigor is part of the proposal of this work. Grading tests Were performed, consistency limits (LL, LP and IP), determination of potential hydrogen, capacity Exchange (CTC), electrical conductivity (EC), x-ray fluorescence (FRX) and x-ray diffraction (DRX). Massar? analysed samples in number six, including sample plastering salitrado presented potential hydrogen medium 5.7 in water and 5.2 on KCl n and electrical conductivity (EC), equal to zero. These results pointed to the affirmative that massar? is a material that does not provide salinity content that can be taken into consideration. It is therefore concluded that the material analyzed not competing, at least with respect to the presence of soluble salts, for the formation of saltpeter / Este trabalho teve o objetivo de verificar a influ?ncia do massar?, enquanto componente de argamassa, no processo de forma??o do salitre em rebocos de paredes de edifica??es. O massar? ? um material cer?mico, geralmente de textura areno argilosa encontrado em grandes volumes na cidade de Teresina, capital do Estado do Piaui, que associado ao cimento portland, forma argamassa para assentamento e para reboco na constru??o civil. O salitre ou floresc?ncia ? uma patologia que acontece nos rebocos, provindo, invariavelmente, da rea??o entre sais sol?veis presentes nos materiais, ?gua e oxig?nio. Esta patologia, supostamente creditada ao massar? fez com que seu uso sofresse redu??o significativa no mercado das edifica??es. Verificar esta situa??o com determinado rigor cient?fico faz parte da proposta deste trabalho. Foram executados ensaios de granulometria, limites de consist?ncia (LL, LP e IP), determina??o do potencial de hidrog?nio (pH), capacidade de troca de c?tions (CTC), condutividade el?trica (CE), fluoresc?ncia de raios X (FRX) e difra??o de raios X (DRX). As amostras de massar? analisadas, em n?mero de seis, inclusive amostra de reboco salitrado, apresentaram potencial de hidrog?nio (pH) m?dio igual a 5,7 em ?gua e 5,2 em KCl N e condutividade el?trica (CE), igual a zero. Estes resultados apontaram para a afirmativa que o massar? ? um material que n?o apresenta teor de salinidade que possa ser levado em considera??o. Conclui-se, portanto, que o material analisado n?o concorre, pelo menos com rela??o ? presen?a de sais sol?veis, para a forma??o do salitre

M.S.

The appearance of synthetic fertilizers on the market has increased the interest in the so-called "minor elements". Much work with water and sand cultures has proven the necessity of these elements for successful plant growth. However, the need for these elements in crop production on field soils has not been studied intensively, nor have we sufficient knowledge as to the effect of our changing fertilizer practices on the necessity for minor elements. A number of field studies to determine the necessity of boron, manganese, zinc, copper and ether minor elements, when applied singly or in combinations of two or more, have given phenomenal increases in yields under certain plant and soil conditions. Under other conditions there has been no response from their use when applied to the soil either singly or in combinations of two or more elements. It is the purpose of this study to determine under what soil conditions the need of minor elements becomes a part of our soil management problem and what part natural Chilean nitrate of soda plays in preventing and correcting this condition. Also this investigation was developed to give a comparison of yield and growth of various crops grown intensively on a number of soil types where fertilized with purified carriers of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and where these elements were supplied from commonly used commercial carriers. Another purpose of this study was to determine how long these soils could be cropped before minor elements would become a limiting factor in crop production as shown by yields and deficiency symptoms. / Master of Science

M.S.