The purpose of this study was to analyze blood cholesterol readings of fourth grade students from Wells County obtained during the Caylor-Nickel Foundation sponsored Health Tour between 2001 and 2003 to determine the relationship between blood cholesterol levels and other health risk indicators.Nine hundred and thirteen fourth grade children participated in Health Tour. Anthropometric and biochemical variables were not available for every student. Serum cholesterol, triglycerides, blood glucose, BMI, and blood pressure were assessed. Fortythree percent of the children were either `at risk for overweight' or were `overweight.' Analysis of the anthropometric and biochemical data indicated a high mean total cholesterol levels and average HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglycerides levels. Meaningful prediction equations to accurately predict total cholesterol values of the fourth grade children could not be formulated with more than 9.5% accuracy. Based on findings in this study, it appears that money would be better spent on the implementation and evaluation of wellness educational programs and physical activity classes for children rather than on costly blood cholesterol analysis. / Department of Family and Consumer Sciences

M.Tech. (Homoeopathy) / Acute tonsillitis is inflammation of the tonsils, caused by a bacterial or viral infection. In most cases it is caused by a viral infection (Clarence & Sasaki, 2008), which is a common cause of upper respiratory tract infections in children (Baker et al., 2012). Tonsillitis is one of the most common causes of absenteeism in school children, which affects school performance (De Martino & Ballotti, 2007). Conventional treatment for viral tonsillitis include anti-inflammatory drugs, which does not actively treat the condition and may cause side effects (Clarence & Sasaki, 2008; Cocazza et al., 2001; Roxane & Nahata, 2006) such as bruising, skin rash, tinnitus, oedema, dyspepsia, depression, nervousness, insomnia, pruritis, visual disturbance, renal failure and gastrointestinal irritation which can result in bleeding (Rainsford, 2003; Scherer, 2012; Snyman, 2007). Tonzolyt® is a commercially available homoeopathic complex remedy indicated for both acute and chronic tonsillitis and sore throat. However, there is a lack of research to support its effectiveness (Herbaforce, 2010). The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of the homoeopathic complex Tonzolyt® on the symptoms of acute tonsillitis in black children attending a primary school in Gauteng. A Wong-Baker Face Pain Rating Scale measured pain intensity and a modified Semi-quantitative Basis Scale assessed changes in signs and symptoms of tonsillitis. This was a double-blind, placebo-controlled study conducted over six days with daily follow-up assessments. Thirty participants, aged 6-12 years, suffering from acute viral tonsillitis, were recruited from a primary school in Gauteng. Parents / guardians were informed about the study by means of a letter (Appendix H). Attached to the letter there was an information form (Appendix A), as well as a Participant Profile form (Appendix D) to fill in, and a consent form (Appendix B) to sign. Parents / guardians and teachers were requested to refer children who showed signs of tonsillitis to the researcher. The researcher was available on the school premises on...

This thesis is a record of the results of a study made to obtain information about the relation of food, rest, and recreation to the height and the weight of the children in the fifth grade of Winnetka School, Dallas, Texas. The purpose of the work was three-fold: (1) to gain a better understanding of the nutritive value of foods and thereby put this understanding into practice; (2) to recognize the three essentials of good health: namely, diet, rest, knowledge of health rules; (3) and to create a desire to practice them.

Thesis (MScPhysio (Physiotherapy))--University of Stellenbosch, 2007. / Objective The objective of this study was to establish the reliability and validity of a Portable Posture Analysis Method (PPAM). Design The design for the reliability section was a repeated measures observational study and the design for the validity section was a correlation study. Background The prevalence of spinal pain among high school learners is high (Murphy et al, 2002). It is also notable that the prevalence of back pain increases across the teenage years (Grimmer & Williams 2000, Burton et al 1996). In South Africa, the preliminary findings of a study conducted by a Physiotherapy masters candidate (Ms L Smith: ethics nr. N05/09/164) indicates that about 74% of high school learners in Cape Town complained of musculoskeletal pain. Posture has been identified by some researchers to be a primary predictor of the development of spinal, particularly upper quadrant pain among computer users (NIOSH 1997, Vieira et al 2004). Measurement of posture poses a real challenge to researchers wanting to accurately evaluate posture in research projects. Considering the practical implications in measuring posture, the validity and reliability of posture measurement are often reported to be poor. Many of these methods of indirect assessment of working posture have been reported on in the literature. These measures include; the goniometer, inclinometer, flexible electrogoniometer, flexicurve and photography (Harrison et al 2005, Christensen 1999, Nitschke et al 1999, Chen & Lee 1997). ...

Thesis (MPH.) -- University of Limpopo, 2019 / Background: School children are mostly affected by diarrhoeal and respiratory infections and these are related to lack of proper hand washing. For children to be able to practice proper hand washing, they must have the knowledge and necessary resources to practice hand washing. The study’s purpose was therefore to establish the knowledge and practice of hand washing among primary school children. Purpose: The study’s aim was to assess the knowledge and practices of hand washing among primary school children in Kweneng Central Sub-District. Methods: A quantitative approach using a self-administered structured questionnaire to collect data regarding knowledge and practices on hand washing among primary school children was used. An observation checklist was also used to assess the practice of hand washing among primary school children. A stratified random sampling method was used to come up with a sample size of 330. SPSS 24.0 version was used to analyse the data. Results: The study revealed that the majority of primary school children had knowledge on hand washing but lacked proper hand washing practices. The results also showed that hand washing knowledge and practice among primary school children had no association with their age and gender. However, there was association between washing hands after going to the toilet and gender as well as the availability of bucket/basin to wash hands and gender. Conclusion: Children spend much of their day time at school; therefore schools are the right institutions to impart hand washing information and emphasise the importance of hand washing to the children. The availability of facilities such as clean water and soap are paramount to the facilitation of hand washing among primary school children and as such should be adequately provided in schools. Keywords: Hand washing, knowledge, practice, children, primary school.

Asthma prevalence in children under age 18 has risen steadily in the U.S. since the mid-1970s. Most researchers attribute this increase to air pollutants, socioeconomic status or urban residence. This study examined asthma prevalence in Lane County, Oregon, using children's asthma hospital discharges (1990-1995), and data from 10 of 16 school districts. The overall asthma prevalence in Lane County was 5.8%, ranging from 1.9% (coastal Siuslaw District) to 10% (urban, industrial Bethel District). Asthma prevalence during 1988-1997 was examined for the largest school district, Eugene 4J (43% of the total study population). Eugene 4J is divided into four regions: North, South, Churchill, and Sheldon. The largest asthma prevalence increase during this time was detected in North Region (2.5%-8%), while the overall district prevalence nearly doubled (3.3%-6.2%). No correlation was found between socioeconomic status and asthma prevalence, and there was not a consistent pattern between asthma prevalence and location of each school district (urban vs. rural). Two out of the three urban school districts had higher asthma prevalence than five of the rural school districts. However, three school districts did not follow this pattern, either being lower than expected for an urban area or higher than expected for a rural area. Asthma hospitalization rates increased for most children between 1990 and 1995, with a 20-fold increase for ages 15-19 years. The results of this study show an increase in prevalence and severity of asthma in school children in Lane County. Further studies are warranted to investigate the contribution that geography, meteorology, and proximity to industry have in asthma prevalence in Lane County. / Graduation date: 1999

The ground work for this research thesis was completed seven years ago when the Dow Pharmaceutical Company selected Muncie, Indiana to test their new rubella vaccine. In the Fall of 1970, 311 seronegative elementary school children were innoculated with HPV-77, DK12 rubella vaccine. Of the 302 children who seroconverted, 98 were available for follow-up six years post innoculation. The participant's sera drawn six years previously was recovered in order to determine a six week and six year post innoculation titer on paired specimens. All 98 children, when retested, has measurable antibody. The geometric mean titer six years post innoculation was 55; a 14% decrease from the geometric titer of 64 six weeks after innoculation. At the six year point in time, there was at least a 9.2% incidence of subclinical reinfection, detected by a fourfold rise in the HI-titer, within the study group.Ball State UniversityMuncie, IN 47306

An instrument measuring Perceived Vulnerability was administered to grades three through twelve across a rural school district. The background literature base for the concept and validity of the Perceived Vulnerability measurement is reviewed. A series of means is calculated for the above data and subjected to a simple analysis of variance. Resulting data support a relative unchanging level of Perceived Vulnerability with a possible rise in the fifth grade level only. It is concluded that an adequate control value for this rural school district is established which can be used to measure impact of teaching programs. The need for further research to investigate the fifth grade "window" is noted.Ball State UniversityMuncie, IN 47306

This study examined the BMI, dietary habits, body perception, physical activity patterns, and nutrition knowledge and opinions of 599 fourth grade public school students in Wells County, Indiana, in 2003-04 and 2005-06. Participants completed the School Physical Activity and Nutrition (SPAN) survey and had their height and weight measured. Almost half (49.9%) of the participants were at risk for or were overweight. More than one-quarter (29.1 %; n=91) normal weight students perceived they did not weigh enough. At risk for overweight children were more likely to participate in exercise that did not raise their heart rate than normal weight children. Normal weight children participated in more cardiovascular-raising activity than overweight children did. Students engaged in significantly more cardiovascular exercise in 2005-06 than in 2003-04. Students "usually" spent 3.4 ± 2.0 hours per day in screen time. Interventions that encourage healthy eating and physical activity would benefit students in this community. / Department of Family and Consumer Sciences

This study explored school nurses knowledge of the diagnostic criteria and secondary conditions related to Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD), their involvement in the identification and treatment of ASD, their knowledge of medication used to treat ASD, and their overall medication management of children with ASD. Participants included 100 school nurses, representing 18 states, who completed a survey on ASD. The response rate was 16.45%. The majority of school nurses were aware Autism and Asperger’s Disorder should fall under the classification of ASD within the school setting. They were less sure on whether PDD-NOS should be included as an ASD. A high percentage indicated they received training in the area of ASD from self-study rather than from formal coursework or supervised clinical experiences. Results found limited involvement of school nurses during the assessment and evaluation process. However, there was more involvement after children had been classified with an ASD, which was primarily limited to the administration of medication and medical treatments. School nurses reported being qualified to administer medication to children with ASD. They also reported being knowledgeable regarding the potential side effects of the medication they administered. The most common medication administered to children with ASD was stimulants. One anti-psychotic medication, Risperdal, appears to be administered fairly frequently by school nurses to children with ASD. Eighty percent surveyed did not report making any medication errors. The majority of school nurses were responsible for supervision of un-licensed personnel in the administration of medication. Besides nurses, secretaries/administrative assistants were the most common school employees administering medication within schools. / Department of Special Education