M.Ed. / During adolescence confusion in idendity can occur (Louw. 1990:463) as adolescents find themselves in a period of transition. During this phase of life a positive self -concept is extremely important. because it determines where the person will fit into society, choices he will make (louw. 1990:460) and whether he is successful in his relationship with his fellow men (Staples, 1991: I I I). It is therefore extremely important that adolescents accept themselves. Although information about self-concept development is available. the researcher found that some adolescents still suffer from low self-concept which might, if not addressed. become hindrances to optimal development and self-actualisation. The purpose of this study was to determine whether self-esteem in adolescents could be improved. A program based on Constructivistic principles was developed and ten adolescents actively participated therein for ten sessions of two hours each. Nine components of self-concept development was discussed, namely: what is self-concept; how is self-concept formed; the ideal self; proactive attitude; conflict resolution strategies; self-assertiveness and friends. The last session was reserved for the evaluation on the program and self-growth. The development of the respondents were assessed and video's were taken. Workbooks were also analyzed. Measures to ensure trustworthiness was kept in mind and the development of the respondents were discussed with their parents.

D.Ed. / This research study set out to determine parents' expectations regarding public schooling in the Northern Province of the Republic of South Africa. This was done based on the fact that education in the country has undergone tremendous changes. As parents are, undoubtedly, stakeholders in the field of education, it was important to determine as to whether the present set up is what they expect. Further, it was also important to determine as to whether parents' expectations are in line with policy; and if not, to suggest what should be done. It was impossible, however, to look at all facets of public schooling. As a result, attention was given only to the following: adulthood, culture, moral development, sexuality education, discipline, parents' participation, citizenship, employment and cognitive development. To provide a theoretical background of the aspects mentioned above, a literature survey was conducted. The connection between each aspect and the schooling system was highlighted. After this review, question items were drawn and compiled into questionnaires which were used as data collection instruments. Such questionnaires were administered to parents of learners in five secondary schools in the Province. Stratified random sampling was used in the selection of schools taking into account language representation. Further, questions were drawn based on the literature review and administered to departmental officials in the form of structured interviews. A factor analysis was conducted on the question items and the following dimensions were arrived at: Providing learners with skills and knowledge to become independent. Helping learners in the acquisition of moral and ethical values for selffulfilment. The development of responsible socio-cultural conduct. The research came up with the following findings: Parents' expectations of the school's involvement are high on the following aspects: career and employment issues, development of potential and citizenship. The following aspects were ranked very low in terms of the level to which parents expect schools to be involved: involvement of parents in school administration and curriculum design, sexuality issues, participation in the politics of the state and following up issues of discipline beyond the school. Parents and departmental officials are in agreement with regards to the level of the school's involvement regarding the following issues: career and employment issues, development of potential, moral issues and citizenship. Parents and departmental officials do not agree on the level of the school's involvement regarding the following: parents' involvement in education, sexuality matters, development and transmission of culture as well as participation in the politics of the state.