Business processes are essential instruments used for the coordination of organisational activities in order to produce value in the form of products and services. Information security is an important non-functional characteristic of business processes due to the involvement of sensitive data exchanged between their participants. Therefore, potential security shortfalls can severely impact organisational reputation, customer trust and cause compliance issues. Nevertheless, despite its importance, security is often considered as a technical concern and treated as an afterthought during the design of information systems and the business processes which they support. The consideration of security during the early design stages of information systems is highly beneficial. Goal-oriented security requirements engineering approaches can contribute to the early elicitation of system requirements at a high level of abstraction and capture the organisational context and rationale behind design choices. Aligning such requirements with process activities at the operational level augments the traceability between system models of different abstraction levels and leads to more robust and context-aware operationalisations of security. Therefore, there needs to be a well-defined and verifiable interconnection between a system’s security requirements and its business process models. This work introduces a framework for the design of secure business process models. It uses security-oriented goal models as its starting point to capture a socio-technical view of the system to-be and its security requirements during its early design stages. Concept mappings and model transformation rules are also introduced as a structured way of extracting business process skeletons from such goal models, in order to facilitate the alignment between the two different levels of abstraction. The extracted business process skeletons, are refined to complete business process models through the use of a set of security patterns, which standardise proven solutions to recurring security problems. Finally, the framework also offers security verification capabilities of the produced process models through the introduction of security-related attributes and model checking algorithms. Evaluation of this work is performed: (i) through individual evaluation of its components via their application in real-life systems, (ii) a workshop-based modelling exercise where participants used and evaluated parts of the framework and (iii) a case study from the public administration domain where the overall framework was applied in cooperation with stakeholders of the studied system. The evaluation indicated that the developed framework provides a structured approach which supports stakeholders in designing and evaluating secure business process models.

L'ingénierie des systèmes ou Génie Logiciel est une approche interdisciplinaire, dont le but est de formaliser la conception et le développement des systèmes. Cette approche commence par la définition des besoins, puis se poursuit avec la conception, l'implémentation et la validation du système. Historiquement, les systèmes ont été isolés et souvent basés sur des technologies propriétaires. De nos jours les systèmes informatiques s'interconnectent, s'ouvrent vers Internet, et s'appuient de plus en plus sur des technologies standards en favorisant l'inter-opérabilité. A côté d'apports indéniables, ces changements génèrent cependant de nouveaux risques de malveillance informatique. Pour y faire face, la sécurité informatique s'est fortement développée en permettant de mettre en place des contre-mesures plus ou moins fiables. Cette thèse se situe à la croisée de l'ingénierie des systèmes et de la sécurité. Elle vise à proposer une approche qui intègre ces deux domaines de manière collaborative et complémentaire. Même si ces deux domaines sont très liés l'un à l'autre, il existe relativement peu d'approches qui intègrent les aspects sécurité au processus d'ingénierie logicielle, et encore moins celles qui la considèrent dès la phase d'ingénierie des besoins, et/ou permettent l'évaluation de la politique de sécurité à un haut niveau d'abstraction. Cette thèse apporte une contribution dans ce domaine. Par conséquent, dans cette thèse nous proposons une approche basée sur l'IDM (Ingénierie Dirigée par les Modèles) et MDA (Model-Driven Architecture) qui intègre l’ingénierie des systèmes et la sécurité en utilisant les modèles. Cette approche permet d’identifier, de concevoir et d’évaluer des aspects de sécurité dans les différentes étapes de l'ingénierie des systèmes afin d'obtenir des systèmes sécurisés. / Software engineering is an interdisciplinary approach aiming to formalize the development of systems. This approach begins with defining system requirements and then continues with defining the design, implementation and validation of systems. Historically, systems were isolated and often based on proprietary technologies. Todays, computer systems are interconnected using Internet and standard technologies by promoting interoperability. In spite of undeniable contributions, these changes engender new risks of computer vulnerabilities/attacks. To cope with these risks, information security has improved to implement more or less reliable counter-measures. This thesis is situated at the intersection/crossroads of the software engineering and the information security. It aims to propose an approach that integrates these two fields in a collaborative and complementary manner. Although both fields are closely related, there are few approaches that integrate security aspects into software engineering process, much less from engineering requirements, which allow the assessment of security policies from a high level of abstraction. Hence, this thesis makes a contribution in this area. Therefore, in this thesis, we propose an approach based on MDE (Model-Driven Engineering) and MDA (Model Driven Architecture) which integrates software engineering and information security using models. This approach allows to identify, to design and to assess security aspects in the stages of the system development in order to obtain secure systems.