Les études sédimentologiques et biostratigraphiques menées au Liban couplés avec données sismiques 2D de réflexion en mer ont permis de proposer un nouveau cadre tectono-stratigraphique pour la région Levantine a partir du Mésozoïque. L'interprétation sismique soutenue par une analyse détaillée des faciès à permis de représenter les environnements de dépôt au large du Liban où aucun puits n'a été foré. Le rifting dans le bassin du Levant prend fin au Jurassique moyen. L'initiation de subduction de la plaque Afro-Arabe sous l'Eurasie au Crétacé supérieur est suivie par des mouvements décrochants à partir du Miocène. L'interaction entre ces événements géodynamiques ainsi que les fluctuations du niveau marin affecte le remplissage sédimentaire du bassin. Au cours du Jurassique et du Crétacé, la marge Levantine est dominée par l'évolution de plate-forme carbonatée tandis qu'un système mixte (silicoclastic et carbonaté) en eau profonde ont prévalu dans le bassin au cours de l'Oligo-Miocène. Trois grandes voies sédimentaires sont attendus à conduire d'importantes quantités de matériel clastiques dans le bassin: (1) les canyons incisant la marge, (2) la région de Lattaquié (Syrie) et (3) le fan profond du Nil. L'analyse régionale des systèmes de drainage a été réalisée pour estimer la contribution au remplissage du bassin des différentes sources de sédiments. Un modèle stratigraphique, Dionisos, a été utilisé pour tester les scénarios du remplissage du bassin pendant le Miocène Moyen et Supérieur. Une comparaison avec les systèmes de drainage actuels a permis une meilleure évaluation de la plausibilité des volumes sédimentaires attendus pour chaque source. / Sedimentological and biostratigraphic investigations onshore Lebanon coupled with 2D offshore reflection seismic data allowed proposing a new Mesozoic-Present tectono-stratigraphic framework for the northern Levant Margin and Basin. The seismic interpretation supported by in-depth facies analysis permitted to depict the potential depositional environments offshore Lebanon as no well has yet been drilled. The Levant region has been affected by successive geodynamic events that modified the architecture of its margin and basin from a Late Triassic to Middle Jurassic rift into a Late Cretaceous subduction followed by collision and Miocene-Present strike slip motion. The interplay between major geodynamic events as well as sea level fluctuations impacted on the sedimentary infill of the basin. During Jurassic and Cretaceous, the Levant Margin is dominated by the aggradation of a carbonate platform while deepwater mixed-systems prevailed in the basin during the Oligo-Miocene, three major sedimentary pathways are expected to drive important quantities of clastic material into the Levant Basin: (1) canyons along the Levant Margin, (2) the Latakia region (coastlal Syria) and (3) the Nile Deep sea cone. Regional drainage system analysis was performed to estimate the contribution of the different sediment sources to the infill of the basin. A numerical stratigraphic forward model, Dionisos, was used to test the Middle-Late Miocene source-to-sink scenarios permitting to better assess the plausibility of the expected sedimentary volumes for each source through a comparison with actual drainage systems

Sedimentological and biostratigraphic investigations onshore Lebanon coupled with 2D offshore reflection seismic data allowed proposing a new Mesozoic-Present tectono-stratigraphic framework for the northern Levant Margin and Basin. The seismic interpretation supported by in-depth facies analysis permitted to depict the potential depositional environments offshore Lebanon as no well has yet been drilled. The Levant region has been affected by successive geodynamic events that modified the architecture of its margin and basin from a Late Triassic to Middle Jurassic rift into a Late Cretaceous subduction followed by collision and Miocene-Present strike slip motion. The interplay between major geodynamic events as well as sea level fluctuations impacted on the sedimentary infill of the basin. During Jurassic and Cretaceous, the Levant Margin is dominated by the aggradation of a carbonate platform while deepwater mixed-systems prevailed in the basin during the Oligo-Miocene, three major sedimentary pathways are expected to drive important quantities of clastic material into the Levant Basin: (1) canyons along the Levant Margin, (2) the Latakia region (coastlal Syria) and (3) the Nile Deep sea cone. Regional drainage system analysis was performed to estimate the contribution of the different sediment sources to the infill of the basin. A numerical stratigraphic forward model, Dionisos, was used to test the Middle-Late Miocene source-to-sink scenarios permitting to better assess the plausibility of the expected sedimentary volumes for each source through a comparison with actual drainage systems

In this work I study the advanced geophysical method - the time domain electromagnetics. In the theoretical part I summarize principles of the method, describe several measuring systems and guide the reader through the software for data processing. I further prove reliability of the applied methodology by forward and inverse computations for a simplified model of supposed target structures. The results show that for the selected configuration of field measurements with a depth range of 100-200 m the influence of 3D structures is significant when placed in a distance smaller than approximately 100 m. In the practical part I test the method in the sedimentary environment and find that results of the method are in accordance with the vertical electrical sounding method. Subsequently, I show that the artificial highly conductive object placed inside the current loop significantly affects the outcomes of the method. Artificial conductive object has only minute effect if placed in a close distance but outside of the current circuit. Besides the theoretical and experimental findings about the reliability of the method I have applied the method for research of maar volcanoes. I have confirmed with high probability the presence of maar volcano near the Jablonná village. The results measured close to the...