A numerical implementation of the direct Boundary-Domain Integral Equation (BDIE)/ Boundary-Domain Integro-Differential Equations (BDIDEs) and Localized Boundary-Domain Integral Equation (LBDIE)/Localized Boundary-Domain Integro-Differential Equations (LBDIDEs) related to the Neumann and Dirichlet boundary value problem for a scalar elliptic PDE with variable coefficient is discussed in this thesis. The BDIE and LBDIE related to Neumann problem are reduced to a uniquely solvable one by adding an appropriate perturbation operator. The mesh-based discretisation of the BDIE/BDIDEs and LBDIE/LBDIDEs with quadrilateral domain elements leads to systems of linear algebraic equations (discretised BDIE/BDIDEs/LBDIE/BDIDEs). Then the systems obtained from BDIE/BDIDE (discretised BDIE/BDIDE) are solved by the LU decomposition method and Neumann iterations. Convergence of the iterative method is analyzed in relation with the eigen-values of the corresponding discrete BDIE/BDIDE operators obtained numerically. The systems obtained from LBDIE/LBDIDE (discretised LBDIE/LBDIDE) are solved by the LU decomposition method as the Neumann iteration method diverges.

In this thesis, we demonstrate the capability of power series, combined with numerical methods, to solve boundary value problems and Sturm-Liouville eigenvalue problems of ordinary differential equations. This kind of schemes is usually called the numerical-symbolic, numerical-analytic or semi-analytic method. In the first chapter, we develop an adaptive algorithm, which automatically decides the terms of power series to reach desired accuracy. The expansion point of power series can be chosen freely. It is also possible to combine several power series piecewisely. We test it on several models, including the second and higher order linear or nonlinear differential equations. For nonlinear problems, the same procedure works similarly to linear problems. The only differences are the nonlinear recurrence of the coefficients and a nonlinear equation, instead of linear, to be solved. In the second chapter, we use our semi-analytic method to solve singularly perturbed problems. These problems arise frequently in fluid mechanics and other branches of applied mathematics. Due to the existence of boundary or interior layers, its solution is very steep at certain point. So the terms of series need to be large in order to reach the desired accuracy. To improve its efficiency, we have a strategy to select only a few required basis from the whole polynomial family. Our method is shown to be a parameter diminishing method. A specific type of boundary value problem, called the Sturm-Liouville eigenvalue problem, is very important in science and engineering. They can also be solved by our semi-analytic method. This is our focus in the third chapter. Our adaptive method works very well to compute its eigenvalues and eigenfunctions with desired accuracy. The numerical results are very satisfactory.

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Ce travail s’attardera sur deux types de dégradation par fretting, l’usure et l’endommagement par dégradation des propriétés matériaux. Une loi d’usure énergétique sera utilisée pour quantifier l’usure en glissement total d’un contact revêtu. Un modèle d’endommagement basé sur le concept de la déformation équivalente sera utilisé pour étudier l’évolution de l’endommagement dans un contact revêtu. L’analyse d’un problème de contact requiert un outil de calcul à la fois robuste et rapide. Dès lors des simulations d’usure et d’endommagement cyclique peuvent être réalisées en un temps court. Pour atteindre cet objectif, un code de contact basé sur une méthode semi-analytique est utilisé. Des solutions analytiques élémentaires permettent de relier les sollicitations normales et tangentielles aux déplacements élastiques résultants des surfaces en contact. Ces déplacements élastiques sont alors exprimés par un double produit de convolution discret entre des coefficients d’influence et les sollicitations dans le contact. La prise en compte d’un revêtement nécessite l’intégration d’un modèle d’homogénéisation dans le code de contact. Une technique d’enrichissement via la méthode de l’inclusion équivalente d’Eshelby, dans laquelle la contribution d’une ou plusieurs inclusions est superposée à la solution en élasticité, est utilisée. Le modèle de comportement revêtement/substrat peut être validé par comparaison avec les résultats obtenus avec un modèle basé sur les techniques Multigrille. La loi d’usure est ensuite implémentée, et une simulation d’usure est alors entreprise. Des simulations d’usure sont effectuées pour un contact poinçon-plan en glissement total. Les résultats numériques d’usure sont comparés à des essais antérieurs effectués par le LTDS. Pour l’endommagement, des calculs analytiques sont premièrement effectués permettant d’analyser le comportement endommageable sous chargement cyclique uniaxial. Le modèle de Mazars est ensuite adapté au problème de contact et implémenté ; des simulations sont alors menées pour étudier le comportement élasto-endommageable du contact sous chargement de fretting. / This work will focus on two types of degradation by fretting, wear and damage by degradation of materials properties. An energy wear law will be used to quantify the wear of a coated contact under gross slip conditions. A damage model based on the concept of equivalent strain will be used to study the damage evolution in a coated contact. Analysis of a contact problem requires a robust and fast computation tool. Therefore cyclic wear and cyclic damage simulations can be performed in a short time. To achieve this objective, a contact code based on a semi-analytic method is used. Elementary analytical solutions allow to link the normal and tangential stresses to elastic displacements resulting of the contacting surfaces. These elastic displacements are then expressed by a double product of discrete convolution between the coefficients of influence and solicitations in the contact. The consideration of coating requires the integration of a homogenization model in the contact code. An enrichment technique via the equivalent inclusion method of Eshelby, in which the contribution of one or more inclusions is superposed on the elastic solution, is used. The coating / substrate behavior model can be validated by comparison with results obtained with a model based on the Multigrid techniques. The wear law is then implemented and a wear simulation can now be conducted. Wear simulations are performed for a punch-plane contact under gross slip conditions. Numerical wear results are compared to wear-fretting test conducted by the LTDS. For damage, analytical calculations are first performed to analyze the endommageable behavior under uniaxial cyclic loading. Mazars model is then adapted to the contact problem and implemented. Simulations are then conducted to study the behavior of elastic-damageable contact under fretting loading.