The branching fraction for B -> rho e nu decays and the CKM matrix element |Vub| is measured with semileptonic exclusive B-meson decays using approximately 55 million Upsilon(4S) -> BBbar decays collected during the years 2000 and 2001 with the BABAR detector. The result is Br(B0 -> rho- e+ nu) = (3.39 +- 0.44 +- 0.52 +- 0.60) x 10^-4, and |Vub| = (3.69 +- 0.23 +- 0.27 +0.40-0.59) x 10^-3. The quoted errors are statistical, systematic, and theoretical respectively. These are combined results obtained using five different form-factor models. Individual results are also quoted. / Das Verzweigungsverhältnis B -> rho e nu und das CKM Matrix Element |Vub| werden mittels semileptonischer exklusiver B Mesonen Zerfälle gemessen. Die Daten wurden in den Jahren 2000 und 2001 mit dem BABAR Dektektor aufgezeichnet und ensprechen ungefähr 55 Millionen Upsilon(4S) -> BBbar Zerfällen. Das Ergebnis ist Br(B0 -> rho- e+ nu) = (3.39 +- 0.44 +- 0.52 +- 0.60) x 10^-4 und |Vub| = (3.69 +- 0.23 +- 0.27 +0.40-0.59) x 10^-3. Die angegebenen Fehler sind statistisch, systematisch und theoretisch. Dieses Ergebnis ist eine Kombination von Ergebnissen fünf verschiedener Form-Faktor Modelle. Die Ergebnisse werden auch für jedes Modell einzeln angegeben.

The Standard Model of Elementary Particle Physics (SM) is the present theoryfor the elementary particles and their interactions and is a well-established theorywithin the physics community. The SM is a combination of Quantum Chromodynamics(QCD) and the Glashow{Weinberg{Salam (GWS) electroweak model. QCDis a theory for the strong force, whereas the GWS electroweak model is a theoryfor the weak and electromagnetic forces. This means that the SM describes allfundamental forces in Nature, except for the gravitational force. However, the SMis not a nal theory and some of its problems will be discussed in this thesis.In the rst part of this thesis, several properties of baryons are studied suchas spin structure, spin polarizations, magnetic moments, weak form factors, andnucleon quark sea isospin asymmetries, using the chiral quark model (QM). TheQM is an eective chiral eld theory developed to describe low energy phenomena of baryons, since perturbative QCD is not applicable at low energies. The resultsof the QM are in good agreement with experimental data.The second part of the thesis is devoted to the concept of quantum mechanicalneutrino oscillations. Neutrino oscillations can, however, not occur within the GWSelectroweak model. Thus, this model has to be extended in some way. All studiesincluding neutrino oscillation are done within three avor neutrino oscillationmodels. Both vacuum and matter neutrino oscillations are considered. Especially,global ts to all data of candidates for neutrino oscillations are presented and alsoan analytical formalism for matter enhanced three avor neutrino oscillations usingtime evolution operators is derived. Furthermore, investigations of matter eectswhen neutrinos traverse the Earth are included.The thesis begins with an introductory review of the QM and neutrino oscillationsand ends with the research results, which are given in the nine accompanyingscientic articles. / QC 20100616