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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Evaluación de la metodología diseñada por FAO para determinar la vulnerabilidad frente a eventos de sequía / Assessment of the methodology designed by FAO to determine vulnerability to drought events

Maldonado Villanueva, Diego Esteban January 2010 (has links)
Memoria para optar al título profesional de Ingeniero en Recursos Naturales Renovables / Con el objetivo de apoyar la labor del gobierno de Chile en la gestión de los riesgos asociados a la manifestación de eventos climáticos extremos, FAO diseñó y aplicó una metodología para determinar el nivel de vulnerabilidad a la sequía que presenta el medio rural. Esta metodología se implementó en el secano costero de la VI Región de Chile, y consistió principalmente en elaborar una encuesta enfocada a determinar los impactos que ha generado la sequía en las zonas de estudio, y en desarrollar un producto cartográfico que muestre el nivel de vulnerabilidad de éstas a la sequía. En esta memoria se presentan los resultados obtenidos en dos de las comunas involucradas en el estudio desarrollado por FAO, en Paredones y Pumanque, donde se analizó crítica y propositivamente la metodología elaborada por FAO en función de revisión bibliográfica, entrevista a expertos en los temas evaluados y a la experiencia obtenida mediante la participación activa en dicho estudio. Se compararon los resultados obtenidos por la aplicación de la encuesta diseñada y aplicada por FAO, en base a un análisis estadístico descriptivo donde se pudo observar que, si bien ambas comunas presentaban un similar grado de vulnerabilidad a la sequía, eran distintas las razones que influían en dicha condición. La metodología diseñada por FAO, permitió determinar los niveles de vulnerabilidad a la sequía, con la fortaleza de tener la capacidad de integrar tanto factores físico-ambientales como socio-economicos. Sin embargo, Mediante al análisis realizado se determinó una serie de puntos críticos de la metodología propuesta por FAO, tales como debilidades en el diseño y aplicación de las encuestas, fallas en la operación de la información, el no considerar la información levantada por las encuestas en la elaboración de la cartografía, o el no ponderar cada uno de los criterios y componentes elegidos para desarrollar el producto cartográfico final, entre otros. Cada uno de los puntos críticos identificados fueron analizados, y se propusieron distintas opciones y propuestas de mejora, con el objetivo de potenciar la coherencia de los resultados obtenidos con las distintas realidades locales presentes en el área de estudio. / With the objective of supporting the Chilean government in taking the necessary steps concerning the risks associated with extreme climatic events, FAO (Food and Agricultural Organization) designed and applied a methodology to determine the level of vulnerability that the rural sector is exposed to with respect to drought. This methodology was implemented in the unirrigated land of the VI Region of Chile, and consisted mainly in implementing a survey focused on defining the impact produced by the drought in the regions that were studied and to develop a cartographic result that would display the level of vulnerability of these regions. Presented in this thesis are the results of the survey obtained in two of the communities involved in the study developed by FAO. These communities are Paredones and Pumanque where the methodology proposed by FAO was analyzed with constructive criticism based on the bibliography, interviews with experts concerning the topics at hand, and the experience obtained in the active participation of the aforementioned research. The results obtained from the survey, designed and administered by FAO, were compared based on a statistical and descriptive analysis in which the results of this survey demonstrated that even if both communities were exposed to a similar degree of vulnerability to drought, the reasons in how the drought influenced each community individually were different. The methodology designed by FAO, revealed levels of vulnerability to drought, with the strength of having the ability to integrate both physical-environmental factors and socio-economic. However, by analyzing these results, it was ascertained that within the methodology proposed by FAO many critically weak points exist, such as: weaknesses in the design of the survey as well as the way in which the survey was administered, errors within the way in which the information received was utilized, information received as a result of the survey was not included in the creation of the cartography, or there was an absence of thought when contemplating the criteria and all necessary components for the final cartography product, among other weak points. Each one of these identified weak points was analyzed, and an array of alternatives for improvement were proposed with the objective to strengthen the consistency of the results obtained from the area studied of these sites which have differing realities.

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