Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-13T17:08:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao_DaltonSilva_2011.pdf: 1978800 bytes, checksum: 727fc9cfc5c0fc14b585548a0df8d538 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-07-28 / The final stage of Brasiliano/Pan-African orogeny in the Borborema Province is marked by widespread plutonic magmatism. The Serra da Macambira Pluton is an example of such plutonism in Serid? Belt, northeastern Borborema Province, and it is here subject of geological, petrographic, textural, geochemical and petrogenetic studies. The pluton is located in the State of Rio Grande do Norte, intrusive into Paleoproterozoic orthogneisses of the Caic? Complex and Neoproterozoic metassupracrustal rocks of the Serid? Group. Based upon intrusion/inclusion field relationships, mineralogy and texture, the rocks are classified as follows: intermediate enclaves (quartz-bearing monzonite and biotite-bearing tonalite), porphyritic monzogranite, equigranular syenogranite to monzogranite, and late granite and pegmatite dykes. Porphyritic granites and quartz-bearing monzonites represent mingling formed by the injection of an intermediate magma into a granitic one, which had already started crystallization. Both rocks are slightly older than the equigranular granites. Quartz-bearing monzonite has K-feldspar, plagioclase, biotite, hornblende and few quartz, meanwhile biotite-bearing tonalite are rich in quartz, poor in K-feldspar and hornblende is absent. Porphyritic and equigranular granites display mainly biotite and rare hornblende, myrmekite and pertitic textures, and zoned plagioclase pointing out to the relevance of fractional crystallization during magma evolution. Such granites have Rare Earth Elements (REE) pattern with negative Eu anomaly and light REE enrichment when compared to heavy REE. They are slight metaluminous to slight peraluminous, following a high-K calc-alkaline path. Petrogenesis started with 27,5% partial melting of Paleoproterozoic continental crust, generating an acid hydrous liquid, leaving a granulitic residue with orthopyroxene, plagioclase (An40-50), K-feldspar, quartz, epidote, magnetite, ilmenite, apatite and zircon. The liquid evolved mainly by fractional crystallization (10-25%) of plagioclase (An20), biotite and hornblende during the first stages of magmatic evolution. Granitic dykes are hololeucocratic with granophyric texture, indicating hypabissal crystallization and REE patterns similar to A-Type granites. Preserved igneous textures, absence or weak imprint of ductile tectonics, association with mafic to intermediate enclaves and alignment of samples according to monzonitic (high-K calcalkaline) series all indicate post-collisional to post-orogenic complexes as described in the literature. Such interpretation is supported by trace element discrimination diagrams that place the Serra da Macambira pluton as late-orogenic, probably reflecting the vanishing stages of the exhumation and collapse of the Brasiliano/Pan-African orogen. / O final da orog?nese Brasiliana/Pan-Africana na Prov?ncia Borborema, NE do Brasil, ? marcado por um volumoso plutonismo. O pl?ton Serra da Macambira (PSM) constitui um exemplo destes pl?tons, sendo aqui objeto de caracteriza??o geol?gica, petrogr?fica, textural, geoqu?mica e petrogen?tica. O PSM localiza-se no Estado do Rio Grande do Norte, sendo intrusivo em ortognaisses paleoproterozoicos (Complexo Caic?) e metassupracrustais neoproterozoicas (Grupo Serid?). As rochas que comp?em o pl?ton foram classificadas segundo suas rela??es de intrus?o/inclus?o, mineralogia e textura, na seguinte sequ?ncia relativa: enclaves intermedi?rios (quartzo monzonitos e biotita tonalitos); monzogranitos porfir?ticos; sienogranitos e monzogranitos equigranulares; diques gran?ticos e pegmat?ticos tardios. Granitos porfir?ticos e enclaves quartzo monzon?ticos representam mistura de magmas (mingling), formada pela inje??o de um magma intermedi?rio em um magma gran?tico j? em cristaliza??o. Ambos s?o ligeiramente precoces em rela??o ao granito equigranular. Os enclaves quartzo monzon?ticos apresentam microclina, plagiocl?sio, biotita, hornblenda e pouco quartzo, enquanto os biotia tonalitos s?o pobres em microclina, ricos em quartzo e n?o apresentam hornblenda. Os granitos porfir?tios e equigranulares portam biotita e raramente hornblenda, texturas mirmequ?tica e pert?tica, al?m de plagiocl?sios zonados que indicam a relev?ncia da cristaliza??o fracionada na sua evolu??o. Estes granitos apresentam caracter?sticas geoqu?micas similares, com anomalia negativa de Eu, enriquecimento em Elementos Terras Raras (ETR) leves e empobrecimento em ETR pesados, variam entre ligeiramente metaluminosos e ligeiramente peraluminosos e seguem a trajet?ria evolutiva c?lcio-alcalina de alto pot?ssio. Os processos petrogen?ticos tiveram in?cio com a fus?o parcial (27,5%) da crosta continental paleoproterozoica, gerando um l?quido ?cido hidratado, que incorporou H2O dos minerais existentes na fonte, deixando um res?duo granul?tico com ortopirox?nio, K-feldspato, plagiocl?sio (An40-50), quartzo, ep?doto, magnetita, ilmenita, apatita e zirc?o. O l?quido evoluiu com predomin?ncia do processo de cristaliza??o fracionada (10-25%), ocorrendo fracionamento de plagiocl?sio s?dico (An20), biotita e hornblenda nas fases iniciais de cristaliza??o. Diques ?cidos tardios apresentam textura granof?rica, caracterizando cristaliza??o e/ou coloca??o em condi??es hipabissais e padr?o de ETR similares aos de granitos Tipo-A. Texturas ?gneas bem preservadas, aus?ncia ou fraca atua??o de eventos tect?nicos, associa??o de enclaves intermedi?rios a m?ficos e alinhamento de amostras de acordo com s?ries de diferencia??o c?lcioalcalina de alto pot?ssio s?o encontradas em complexos magm?ticos p?s-colisionais a p?s-orog?nicos descritos na literatura. Esta interpreta??o est? em acordo com o comportamento das amostras em diagramas discriminantes de ambientes tect?nicos, posicionando o pl?ton em um contexto tardiorog?nico, eventualmente registrando os epis?dios finais de colapso da cadeia Brasiliana/Pan-Africana na Faixa Serid?.