The study was conducted to investigate the ecological effectiveness and economicefficiency of four wastewater treatment plants in East Central Indiana (Muncie, Anderson, Alexandria, and Paws). Data were collected from the four plants, then analyzed descriptively and statistically, and compared in terms of ecological effectiveness and economic efficiency. The Muncie, Anderson, and Paws wastewater treatment facilities were not significantly different from one another in terms of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) reductions, but each reduced BOD5 more than the Alexandria facility over the three- year period (1996, 1997, and 1998). Plants were not statistically different regarding suspended solids (SS) reductions. The Muncie, Anderson, and Paws wastewater treatment plants were also not significantly different from one another on ammonia reduction, but each plant reduced ammonia significantly more than Alexandria. Muncie and Anderson were not different from each other on dissolved oxygen (DO) levels, but each had a statistically higher level of DO in the final effluent than Alexandria and Paws. The study showed a statistically significant difference in fecal coliform bacteria abatement between Anderson and Alexandria, Anderson and Paws, and Muncie and Alexandria. Furthermore, Muncie, Anderson and Alexandria were different in terms of cost per 1000 gallons of wastewater treated. Muncie has been treating wastewater at a lower cost than the other treatment plants, whereas Anderson had a higher cost over the three-year period. / Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Management

This project explains the differences in available financing techniques for wastewater treatment plants and sewers and describes the experiences of Indiana communities that have used the various techniques. The results of the study are presented in a form that other communities can use to make informed fiscal and administrative decisions. While both the traditional and new financing techniques can be used to pay for the needed wastewater improvements of a community, they are not interchangeable. These techniques differ along legal, political, administrative and fiscal lines. Not all techniques are legally available to Indiana communities. Those that are available differ in the ways that they are established, work and provide funds. Individual communities also vary in their experiences with these techniques. Indiana communities need to understand these different financing techniques if they are going to address the problems of wastewater financing.This project examines the new financing methods and loan and grant programs that are now available for communities to finance needed infrastructure improvements. Not all of these methods are available to or appropriate for every community.Communities need to understand how these programs differ and the issues involved with each one. While this thesis can not be a substitute for the advice of an attorney, grant writer, accountant or engineer, it can provide valuable information to local officials. By understanding how these methods work and knowing about the experiences of communities that have used them, other communities can make informed decisions. / Department of Urban Planning

The research project was initiated to refine the knowledge available on the treatment of rural municipal wastewater by constructed wetlands. Field and laboratory studies were conducted to determine the treatment capacity of a constructed wetland system and to determine a substrate that would be most efficient as a phosphorus adsorption filter. The wetland system consisted of three free-water surface cells, three blast furnace slag filters and a vegetated filter strip, treating municipal wastewater. Bimonthly water samples at the inlet and outlet of each component of the wetland system were analysed for biochemical oxygen demand, nitrate and nitrite, ammonia and ammonium, total Kjeldahl nitrogen, total suspended solids, total phosphorus, ortho-phosphate, fecal coliforms and E. coli. Phosphorus and nitrogen concentrations were determined in the sediment, plant tissue and water column of the free-surface wetland cells. The free-surface wetland cells achieved removals as follows: ammonia and ammonium (52%), total Kjeldahl nitrogen (37%), total suspended solids (93%), total phosphorus (90%) and ortho-phosphate (82%). The vegetated filter strip achieved removals as follows: ammonia and ammonium (28%), total Kjeldahl nitrogen (11%), total suspended solids (22%), total phosphorus (5%) and ortho-phosphate (0%). The slag filters reduced total phosphorus by more than 99%. Phosphorus adsorption measurements were conducted on slag, calcite and shale. Slag was found to be the most effective at removing phosphate.

Thesis (D.P.H.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1991. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 156-162). / Microfiche. / xvi, 162 leaves, bound ill. 29 cm

Thesis (M.S. - Civil Engineering and Engineering Mechanics)--University of Arizona. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of North Carolina at Greensboro, 2007. / Title from PDF t.p. (viewed Mar. 10, 2008). Directed by Matina C. Kalcounis-Rüppell; submitted to the Dept. of Biology. Includes bibliographical references (p. 24-29).

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Tufts University, 2005. / Chair: Gary Leupp. Submitted to the Dept. of Interdisciplinary Studies. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 185-189). Access restricted to members of the Tufts University community. Also available via the World Wide Web;

Thesis PlanB (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Stout, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.S.)--Texas State University-San Marcos, 2007. / Vita. Appendices: leaves 45-65. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 66-68).

Thesis (M.S.)--Texas State University-San Marcos, 2007. / Vita. Appendices: leaves 45-65. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 66-68).