Abstract: Mycelium growth, production and bromatologicals characteristics of shiitake in function of lineages and chemical and physical properties of eucalyptus clones and species were evaluated. In Experiment 1, mycelium growth of two Lentinula edodes (Berk.) Pegler (LE-95/01 and LE-96/18) species in culture mediums prepared with sawdust extract from seven species (E. saligna, E. grandis, E. urophylla, E. camaldulensis, E. citriodora, E. paniculata e E. pellita) and three eucalyptus clones (hybrid E. grandis x E. urophylla) was analyzed. The experimental design was totally randomized, in 2x10 factorial design, totalizing 20 treatments with 10 repetitions, being that each repetition corresponded to one Petri dish. In Experiment 2, mycelium growth of eight L. edodes lineages (LE-96/17, LE-95/02, LE-95/07, LE-98/55, LE-96/18, LE-95/01, LE-96/13 and LE-98/47) in culture mediums prepared with sawdust extract from Eucalyptus spp was evaluated. The experimental design was totally randomized, with 8 treatments and 8 repetitions, being that each repetition corresponded to one Petri dish. In Experiment 3, production and bromatological characterization of two Lentinula edodes lineages cultivated in seven species and three clones of eucalyptus was evaluated. The experimental design was totally randomized, in 2x10 factorial design, totalizing 20 treatments with 40 repetitions, being that each repetition corresponded to one log. In Experiment 4, physical and chemical properties of seven species and three clones of eucalyptus before and after the cultivation of two L. edodes lineages was evaluated. The experimental design was totally randomized, in 2x10 factorial design, totalizing 20 treatments with 9 repetitions, being that each repetition corresponded to one log. The culture medium that provided highest averages of mycelium growth of L. edodes lineages LE-95/01 and LE-96/18 was the one with... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Orientador: Marli Teixeira de Almeida Minhoni / Coorientador: José Luiz Stape / Banca: Edson Luiz Furtado / Banca: Claudio Angeli Sansígolo / Banca: Luiz Antônio Graciolli / Banca: Arailde Fontes Urben / Doutor

Orientador: Augusto Ferreira da Eira / Banca: José Raimundo de Souza Passos / Banca: Nelson Barros Colauto / Resumo: As pesquisas sobre o cultivo axênico de shiitake e produção de inóculo, para as condições brasileiras, são escassas. O estudo do crescimento miceliano visa compreender os aspectos físicos, químicos e ambientais que causam alterações no processo desse crescimento. O objetivo deste trabalho foi o de estudar a influência de aspectos nutricionais e a interferência do substrato na cinética de crescimento de linhagens de Lentinula edodes. Os materiais utilizados foram duas linhagens de Lentinula edodes: L17 e L55 da micoteca do Módulo de Cogumelos da FCA e substratos à base de serragem (S) e bagaço de cana-de-açúcar (B) com a adição de três quantidades de farelos de arroz e de trigo (metade de cada): 0, 10 e 20%, perfazendo 6 tratamentos, os quais foram utilizados na cinética da área de crescimento miceliano em meio de cultura e do volume de crescimento em substrato. Dos resultados obtidos foram extraídas as seguintes conclusões: A cinética de crescimento miceliano em superfície (área), independente das linhagens e substratos, seguiu um modelo matemático representado por uma equação exponencial. Os parâmetros estimados gama tiveram uma relação com a velocidade final instantânea de crescimento em área. A cinética de crescimento miceliano em volume, independente das linhagens e substratos, seguiu um modelo matemático representado por equação logarítmica. Os parâmetros estimados betas, gama e delta, não apresentaram relação com a velocidade de crescimento em volume. Ocorreram interações significativas entre linhagens, substratos base e quantidades de farelos, tanto na cinética de crescimento em superfície quanto em volume. A linhagem L55 se apresentou mais adaptada à metodologia adotada por ser utilizada em cultivo axênico. / Abstract: In Brazil there was little research related to Shiitake axenic culture. It was researched in this experiment the physical, chemical and environmental aspects in relation to different strains of Lentinula edodes. The aim of this research was to understand the substratum effects in the kinetics of the Shiitake mycelium growth. It was used two Shiitake strains and two different base substrate (eucalyptus sawdust and sugar cane bagasse) varying in three proportions of the supplements. The supplements, a blend of rice and wheat brans, were added in the proportion of 0, 10 and 20% of the base substrate. The experiment was composed of six treatments. It was concluded that the mycelium kinetics growth in culture medium followed a mathematical model that were represented by exponential equation. Gamma parameters were directly proportional to the instantaneous growth velocity in area. The mycelium growth kinetics in volume had no effect relation to the strains and substrate and it followed a mathematical model represented by logarithmic equation. Beta, gamma and delta parameters didn't show any correlation with the growth velocity in volume. There were significant differences between the strains and the mycelium growth in the supplemented substrate. The strain L55 was better adapted than L17. / Mestre

Orientador: Augusto Ferreira da Eira / Resumo: Foram estudadas as interações entre quatro fórmulas de substratos e as linhagens LE 96/17, LE 98/51, LE 98/53 e LE 98/56 na cinética de crescimento micelial e produção do cogumelo Shiitake (Lentinula edodes (Berk.) Pegler), em cultivo axênico, no primeiro fluxo. As linhagens utilizadas foram provenientes da Micoteca do Módulo de Cogumelos da Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas - UNESP - Campus de Botucatu. Os isolados foram obtidos por via vegetativa, pela técnica de fragmentos de basidiocarpos e repicados em meio de cultura de serragem-dextrose-ágar. No estudo da cinética de crescimento miceliano, avaliaram-se os parâmetros crescimento em área (mm2) e vigor, em meio de cultura, através de monitoramento digital. O crescimento das linhagens de L. edodes foi fotografado diariamente, até a colonização total do meio de cultura, em placa de Petri. As fotos digitais, foram analisadas pelo programa UTHSCSA ImageTool, versão 2.0, 1997, desenvolvido pela University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas. Para avaliar a produção do L. edodes, foram utilizados os parâmetros massa fresca dos cogumelos, número total de cogumelos, massa fresca média do cogumelo e Eficiência Biológica (EB=(g cogumelo fresco g-1substrato seco)x100). Para tanto, foram utilizados sacos de polietileno de alta densidade (PEAD), com 20cm de largura por 40 cm de comprimento, nos quais foram ...(Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: It was studied the interaction among four substratum formula and the strains LE 96/17, LE 98/51, LE 98/53 and LE 98/56 on mycelium growth kinetics and shiitake mushroom yield at the first flush of the axenic sawdust culture. The strains were from the mycological collection of the Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, Unesp de Botucatu. Mycelium fragments were transferred to a Petri dish with Sawdust-Dextrose-Agar medium. Mycelium growth kinetics was evaluated by measuring mycelium growth area and vigor on Petri dishes with digital camera and the program UTHSCSA ImageTool, version 2.0, 1997, developed by the University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas. The mushroom yield was evaluated by the Biological Efficiency (BE), total fresh mass and number of mushrooms. The fungus was cultivated in plastic bags of 20 x 40 cm and with 1200g ±10g of substratum. After autoclaved at 121ºC for 4 h the mycelium was inoculated and the bags incubated at 24ºC for 123 days. Primordia were induced at temperature of 8ºC for 72 h in a cold room and after that soaked in cold water at the same temperature for 48 h. It was observed that the best statistical model of curve that adjusts for mycelium growth kinetics was the Gompertz function. The vigor evaluated by mycelium color was in the maximum value between the 4th and 5th day of incubation. The highest yield of mushroom was from substrate with smaller than higher quantity of brain (wheat and rice bran). The higher quantity of bran inhibited the yield. Strains LE 96/17 e 98/56 had the highest yield (174,2 and 145,2 g kg-1, respectively) and the highest BE (40,3 and 33,3%, respectively) on 14 days of culture, the highest value found in this researched literature. / Doutor