Thesis (M.A.)--Brigham Young University. Dept. of French and Italian, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 145-147).

Thesis (M.A.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2003. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 56-61).

Orientador: João Alberto de Oliveira / Banca: Tamotsu Hirata / Banca: Rogério Pinto Mota / Banca: Renato José Soares / Resumo: É grande o número de mulheres que faz uso de sapatos com saltos na atualidade durante várias horas por dia, sendo freqüentemente sujeitas a andarem por diversos tipos de superfícies, sejam elas planas ou inclinadas, submetendo o sistema músculoesquelético a esforços variados. Os objetivos do presente estudo foram: adaptar uma esteira para realização de análise biomecânica; analisar a marcha de mulheres com uso de sapatos com saltos em comparação com a condição descalça; analisar a influência da inclinação da superfície sobre o padrão de marcha dos indivíduos e relacionar o efeito da utilização do calçado com salto com o efeito da inclinação da superfície. Uma esteira elétrica foi adaptada através da colocação de plataformas de força independentes para o pé direito e esquerdo, com o uso de 8 anéis e 32 extensômetros em localização estratégica.Um tripé e uma câmera fotográfica digital foram utilizados para a análise cinemática do joelho direito no plano sagital.Dez voluntárias jovens e saudáveis participaram do estudo, andando sobre a esteira descalças e com uso de sapatos com saltos de 5,0 cm, no plano horizontal, inclinado a 1,83° e 3,61°. Cada condição foi analisada durante 10 segundos, totalizando 60 segundos de análise de cada voluntária. A análise estatística não-paramétrica (teste de Wilcoxon) (p<0,10) demonstrou que o uso de sapatos com saltos com 5 cm de altura associado à marcha em plano horizontal e inclinado de 1,83° e 3,61° não altera o ângulo mínimo de flexão do joelho no plano sagital, porém exerce influência sobre o ângulo máximo do mesmo no plano horizontal, diminuindo-o com o uso do calçado. Foi constatado também que o uso do referido calçado apresenta relação com a velocidade da marcha de forma inversamente proporcional à inclinação da superfície, com exceção da inclinação de 3,61° com... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Actually it's large the number of women that make use of high-heeled shoes for several hours a day, often being subdued to gait different types of surfaces, smooth and/or inclined, subjecting the musculoskeletal system to a variety of efforts. The present study's intentions were: to adapt a treadmill for the biomechanical analysis; to analyze women's gait using high heels in comparison with the barefoot condition; to analyze the influence of a slope surface over the march pattern of individuals and to relate the effect of high-heeled shoes utilization with the effect of a slope surface. An electronic treadmill was adapted with the installation of independent force platforms for the right and the left foot, using 8 rings and 32 strain gages in a strategic location. These were connected trough 2 channels to the Spider 8, responsible for acquisition and processing the signals which, connected to a computer, allowed the data analysis by the Catman® 3.1 software. It was necessary the utilization of a gear motor for the high-heels gait's velocity adaptation. A tripod and a digital camera were used for kinematic analysis of the right knee in the sagittal plane. For synchronization of kinematic and kinetic data, we used a light signaling that allowed the simultaneous start of data acquisition. Ten healthy young women volunteers participated on the study, walking on the treadmill barefoot and wearing shoes with heels of 5.0 cm on the horizontal plane, inclined 1.83 ° and 3.61 °. Each condition was analyzed for 10 seconds, summarizing 60 seconds of analysis of each volunteer. The images were fragmented in Quintic Player ® software and relayed to the software ImageJ ®, through which were analyzed the angular variation. Statistical analysis Non-parametric (Wilcoxon test) by using significance p <0.10 showed that the use of shoes with with 5 cm heels associated with motion... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the functional effectiveness of a selection of women's walking shoes with particular attention being directed towards an assessment of specific shoe modifications which were included in a prototype model to theoretically reduce the undesirable characteristics associated with flexible shoes. Nine female subjects performed three trials for each of five shoe conditions. The prototype model decreased the encountered pressures and pressure integrals in the region of the second metatarsal-phalangeal joint. The use of the prototype shoe did not appear to unduly affect the gait of the subject.

Title The effect of wearing high heel shoes on pelvis motion Aim of the thesis The main aim of this thesis is the verification of the influence of wearing high heel shoes on pelvis motion in the sagittal plane, while walking on high heel shoes and walking on heel less shoes. After then, we want to monitori the impact of walking in these shoes on the trajectory of pelvis motion. Methods Objectification method was 3D record of human gait (= kinematic analysis), which was performed using the Qualisys Track Manager. In our thesis we used the method of comparison. The aim of the study is the comparison of parameters measured in different types of shoes (high heeled shoes, high heeled less shoes with barefoot gait) and the influence on pelvis motion in the sagittal plane. Measurements were carried out in the gym at the Faculty of Physical Education and Sport at ten probands. Results Pelvis tilt to retroversion was more significant when walking on heel less shoes compared with high heel shoes and barefooted walking, also an angle of the trunk and pelvis were most significantly diminished when walking on heel less shoes compared to barefooted walking and high heel shoes. Objectively, a larger deflection of pelvis trajectory while walking on high heel shoes was not confirmed compared to walking on heel less...

Wong Pui Lam. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 80-89). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Acknowledgments --- p.i / Abstract --- p.iii / Chinese Abstract --- p.v / Table of Contents --- p.vii / List of figures --- p.ix / List of tables --- p.xi / Introduction --- p.1 / Background of the Study --- p.1 / Statement of the Problem --- p.4 / Research Questions --- p.4 / Significance of the Study --- p.4 / Hypotheses --- p.5 / Assumptions --- p.6 / Delimitations --- p.6 / Limitations --- p.7 / Operational Definitions --- p.7 / Review of Literature --- p.8 / Introduction of Literature Review --- p.8 / Literature Review on Soccer --- p.9 / Introduction --- p.9 / Movements in Soccer --- p.9 / Soccer Injury --- p.9 / Design of Soccer Shoe --- p.15 / Playing Surface of Soccer --- p.18 / Summary --- p.19 / Literature Review on Perceived Comfort --- p.20 / Introduction --- p.20 / Perceived Comfort --- p.21 / Assessment of Perceived Comfort --- p.23 / Summary --- p.25 / Literature Review on Plantar Pressure --- p.26 / Introduction --- p.26 / Plantar Pressure --- p.26 / Assessment of Plantar Pressure --- p.27 / Summary --- p.31 / Summary of Literature Review --- p.32 / Methodology --- p.34 / Subject --- p.34 / Shoe --- p.34 / Experimental Design --- p.36 / Instrumentation --- p.40 / Procedures --- p.41 / Parameters --- p.44 / Data Reduction --- p.44 / Data Analysis --- p.46 / Results --- p.49 / Perceived Comfort Rating (Experiment 1) --- p.49 / Perceived Comfort Rating (Experiment 2) --- p.52 / Plantar Pressure (Experiment 2) --- p.55 / Relationship between Perceived Comfort Rating and Plantar Pressure (Experiment 2) --- p.63 / Discussion --- p.68 / Perceived Comfort Rating (Experiment 1 and Experiment 2) --- p.68 / Plantar Pressure (Experiment 2) --- p.71 / Relationship between Perceived Comfort Rating and Plantar Pressure (Experiment 2) --- p.75 / Limitations and Recommendations --- p.76 / Conclusion --- p.78 / References --- p.80 / Appendix A --- p.90 / Appendix B --- p.91 / Appendix C --- p.92 / Appendix D --- p.93 / Appendix E --- p.94 / Appendix F --- p.96 / Appendix G --- p.97 / Appendix H --- p.98 / Appendix I --- p.102 / Appendix J --- p.106 / Appendix K --- p.109

Purpose: Due to the vital role that blood flow plays in maintaining tissue health, compromised blood flow can prevent effective tissue healing. An adducted hallux, as often seen inside a narrow shoe, may put passive tension on the abductor hallucis, consequently compressing the lateral plantar artery (LPA) into the calcaneus and thus restricting blood flow. The purpose of this study was to compare blood flow within the LPA before and after passive hallux adduction (PHA). Methods: Forty-five healthy volunteers (20 female, 25 male; age = 24.8 ± 6.8 yr; height = 1.7 ± 0.1 m; weight = 73.4 ± 13.5 kg) participated in this study. Blood velocity and vessel diameter measurements were obtained using ultrasound imaging (L8-18i transducer, GE Logiq S8). The LPA was imaged deep to abductor hallucis for 120 seconds: 60 seconds at rest followed by 60 seconds of PHA. Maximal PHA was performed by applying pressure to the medial side of the proximal phalanx of the hallux. Blood flow was then calculated in mL/min, and pre-PHA blood flow was compared to blood flow during PHA. Results: Log transformed data was used to run a paired t-test between the preadduction and postadduction blood flow. The volume of blood flow was 22.2% lower after PHA compared to before (–0.250 ± 0.063, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Although PHA is only a simulation of what would happen to the hallux inside of a narrow shoe, our preliminary findings of decreased blood flow through PHA suggest blood flow in narrow footwear and its effects on tissues within the foot are worth investigating.

The aim of this study was to determine the combined effects of high-heeled shoes and load carriage on gait and posture adaptation. Furthermore, the adaptation of gait and posture to the combined two conditions was examined by a comparison of the measured parameters between experienced and novice groups. 30 participants underwent a quantitative measurement of temporospatial, kinematic, and kinetic parameters of hip, knee, and ankle on both loaded and unloaded limbs using 3D motion analysis. Double support time and stride length increased during high-heeled gait and the magnitude of alteration was greater with a load. Increased plantarflexion was main cause of raised heel. Ankle plantarflexor moment increased with high-heeled but decreased with load carriage. As a result, plantarflexor moment diminished, in addition knee extensor moment exaggerated further. Hip extensor moment increased with heel height but not with load weight, however, hip angle was affected only by the load.

The aim of this study was to determine the combined effects of high-heeled shoes and load carriage on gait and posture adaptation. Furthermore, the adaptation of gait and posture to the combined two conditions was examined by a comparison of the measured parameters between experienced and novice groups. 30 participants underwent a quantitative measurement of temporospatial, kinematic, and kinetic parameters of hip, knee, and ankle on both loaded and unloaded limbs using 3D motion analysis. Double support time and stride length increased during high-heeled gait and the magnitude of alteration was greater with a load. Increased plantarflexion was main cause of raised heel. Ankle plantarflexor moment increased with high-heeled but decreased with load carriage. As a result, plantarflexor moment diminished, in addition knee extensor moment exaggerated further. Hip extensor moment increased with heel height but not with load weight, however, hip angle was affected only by the load.

Thesis (M.S.)--Boise State University, 2009. / Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 46-49).