Introduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate variance in prevalence and severity of short root anomaly (SRA) in patients seeking orthodontic treatment, stratified by ethnicity and sex. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective cross-sectional study, we evaluated 896 patients who had initial cone-beam computed tomographies (CBCTs) taken from July 1, 2014 to May 30, 2019. Panoramic radiographs and images from the CBCTs of each patient were extracted and placed in a database. The crown-to-root ratio of maxillary central incisors, lateral incisors, canines, and all pre-molars were evaluated to determine the presence, severity and associations of SRA. A Chi-square test and ordered logistic regression were used. Results: SRA was seen in 10.04% of the sample (90 patients). The maxillary central incisors are the most frequently and bilaterally affected. The severity of SRA among those with SRA showed statistically significant differences between the ethnic groups. Associations been SRA and Hispanic patients were found to be significant when evaluated by ordered logistic regression (P

Orientador: Luiz Fernando Rolim de Almeida / Resumo: Apesar de serem organismos sésseis, as plantas movimentam ativamente estruturas vegetativas e reprodutivas, levando a interação com o ambiente ao redor. As plantas mantêm comunicação com plantas vizinhas, herbívoros e predadores através da emissão de compostos químicos exsudados pela raiz e esses eventos modificam o ambiente ocupado pelos vegetais. Esses exsudatos podem induzir a alteração de padrões morfológicos e fisiológicos além da expressão gênica de plantas vizinhas. Utilizamos o metil jasmonato, um regulador vegetal, para desencadear dois ciclos indutivos em plantas e comunicação com plantas vizinhas. Durante o estímulo, analisamos assimilação líquida de CO2 (A), condutância estomática (gs), taxa de transpiração (E), eficiência do uso da água (EUA), taxa de transporte de elétrons (ETR), fluorescência máxima (FM) e basal (F0), dissipação fotoquímica (qP) e rendimento quântico efetivo do PSII (PSII), além da expressão do gene SHR, padrão de metilação de histonas e parâmetros anatômicos em plantas com aplicação e plantas vizinhas. Plantas com aplicação de metil jasmonato apresentaram queda nos parâmetros fisiológicos horas após o contato com o elicitor, porém em segundo contato, tais parâmetros não diferiram do controle, indicando possível efeito de memória (imprint). Plantas induzidas pelo metil jasmonato podem ter emitido sinais às plantas vizinhas, proporcionando maiores taxas de A, gs, FM e F0 das plantas vizinhas em relação às induzidas. Portanto a comunicação entre... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Although they are sessile organisms, plants actively move their vegetative and reproductive structures, leading to interaction with the surrounding environment. Plants maintain communication with neighboring plants, herbivores and predators through emission of chemical compounds by root and these events modify the environment occupied by plants. These exudates may induce changes in morphological and physiological patterns beyond the gene expression of neighboring plants. We used methyl jasmonate, a plant regulator, to trigger two inductive cycles in plants and communication with neighboring plants. During the stimulus, we analyzed CO2 net assimilation (A), stomatal conductance (gs), transpiration rate (E), water use efficiency (WUE), electron transport rate (ETR), maximum fluorescence (FM), basal fluorescence (F0), photochemical dissipation (qP) and quantum yield of PSII (FPSII), as well as SHR gene expression, histone methylation pattern and anatomical parameters in plants with application and neighboring plants. Plants with methyl jasmonate application showed minor physiological parameters hours after the elicitor contact, but in the second contact, these parameters did not differ from the control group, indicating a possible memory effect (imprint). Plants induced by methyl jasmonate may have emitted signals to neighboring plants, providing higher rates of A, gs, FM and F0 of the neighboring plants in relation to the induced ones. Therefore the communication between plants... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre