Orientador: Adilson Fransozo / Banca: Antônio Leão Castilho / Banca: Valter Jose Cobo / Resumo: Para entender as características distribucionais de algumas espécies, é preciso conhecer sua história de vida, os recursos que requerem, e as interações intra e inter-especificas além dos efeitos exercidos pelas condições ambientais. O presente estudo teve como objetivo verificar a distribuição espacial e temporal de duas espécies de carídeos Exhippolysmata oplophoroides e Nematopalaemon schmitti na Enseada de Ubatuba, São Paulo, em quatro pontos amostrais (10m, 20m, área batida e área abrigada) e em dois períodos distintos compreendidos num intervalo de 11 anos, e a sua relação com as variáveis ambientais. Os camarões foram coletados usando um barco camaroneiro equipado com rede do tipo ‚double-rig‛. Ao longo dos dois anos, foram coletados 4445 indivíduos de N. schmitti e 4995 E. oplophoroides, sendo que o primeiro ano foi estatisticamente mais abundante para ambas as espécies (ANOVA, p < 0,05). A distribuição dos carídeos foi diferencial ao longo dos transecto (ANOVA, p < 0,05), havendo grande frequência dos camarões no transecto batido. A abundância de E. oplophoroides e N. schmitti apresentou relação positiva com granulometria do substrato e negativa com o teor de matéria orgânica (Regressão Múltipla, p< 0,05). Esses dois fatores variaram espacialmente, o que pode justificar a heterogeneidade na distribuição dos carídeos ao longo dos transectos. N. schmitti ocorreu sazonalmente, com picos de incidência no inverno e outono, enquanto E. oplophoroides apresentou ocorrência diluída em todas as estações sazonais. Pode-se inferir que a retração da ACAS de dentro da Enseada, no inicio do outono influencie na presença de N. schmitti no ambiente estudado. O declínio na abundância de ambas... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Not available / Mestre

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:35:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2012-09-24Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:07:15Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 almeida_ac_dr_botib.pdf: 859822 bytes, checksum: c0f964299ecfb510e7f66b1eea006b46 (MD5) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / The spatial and temporal patterns of abundance and distribution of Xiphopenaeus kroyeri and its relationship with several environmental variables were compared over a range of 20 years. The abiotic and biotic data set were obtained monthly during two distinct study periods; period 1, from November 1988 to October 1989; and period 2, from November 2008 to October 2009, in seven permanent transects established within Fortaleza Bay, on the southeastern coast of Brazil. A remarkable sedimentation was observed between the first and the second study periods, which might have been caused by natural phenomena and/or human activities. While the variations in the bottom temperature and salinity were related mainly to the hydrodynamics of water masses present in the Ubatuba region. The abundance of X. kroyeri increased considerably over a range of 20 years. A total of 13 298 and 39 553 specimens were obtained throughout the sampling periods 1 and 2, respectively. The total abundance of the species and the abundance of males and females differed spatially, while the abundance of juveniles differed seasonally, during each study period (ANOVA, p < 0.05). Overall, the highest abundance of the species was recorded in those transects which the sediment was composed mainly by fine and very fine sand and silt and clay. The presence of algae and plant floating near the marine floor at Fortaleza Bay also favored the occurrence and settlement of X. kroyeri. Interestingly, during period 1 the species was most abundant in winter, when bottom temperature reached low mean value (21.6°C). While during period 2, the highest abundance of X. kroyeri was obtained in summer and fall. Concomitantly, the highest mean values of bottom temperature were recorded during these seasons (25.2 and 24.5°C, respectively). So, the... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Orientador: Adilson Fransozo / Banca: Roberto Munehisa Shimizu / Banca: Fúlvio Aurélio de Moraes Freire / Banca: Gustavo Monteiro Teixeira / Banca: Rogério Caetano da Costa / Resumo: Não disponível / Abstract: The spatial and temporal patterns of abundance and distribution of Xiphopenaeus kroyeri and its relationship with several environmental variables were compared over a range of 20 years. The abiotic and biotic data set were obtained monthly during two distinct study periods; period 1, from November 1988 to October 1989; and period 2, from November 2008 to October 2009, in seven permanent transects established within Fortaleza Bay, on the southeastern coast of Brazil. A remarkable sedimentation was observed between the first and the second study periods, which might have been caused by natural phenomena and/or human activities. While the variations in the bottom temperature and salinity were related mainly to the hydrodynamics of water masses present in the Ubatuba region. The abundance of X. kroyeri increased considerably over a range of 20 years. A total of 13 298 and 39 553 specimens were obtained throughout the sampling periods 1 and 2, respectively. The total abundance of the species and the abundance of males and females differed spatially, while the abundance of juveniles differed seasonally, during each study period (ANOVA, p < 0.05). Overall, the highest abundance of the species was recorded in those transects which the sediment was composed mainly by fine and very fine sand and silt and clay. The presence of algae and plant floating near the marine floor at Fortaleza Bay also favored the occurrence and settlement of X. kroyeri. Interestingly, during period 1 the species was most abundant in winter, when bottom temperature reached low mean value (21.6°C). While during period 2, the highest abundance of X. kroyeri was obtained in summer and fall. Concomitantly, the highest mean values of bottom temperature were recorded during these seasons (25.2 and 24.5°C, respectively). So, the... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor