Thesis: Elec. E., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1976 / Bibliography: leaves 255-263. / by Dennis V. Marsicano. / Elec. E. / Elec. E. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science

We have investigated, in various multiple senses, the “capacity” of several models of erasure networks. The defining characteristic of a memoryless erasure network is that each channel between any two nodes is an independent erasure channel. The models that we explore differ in the absence or presence of interference at either the transmitters, the receivers, or both; and in the availability of feedback at the transmitters. The crux of this work involves the investigation and analysis of several different performance measures for these networks: traditional information capacity (including multicast capacity and feeback capacity), secrecy capacity, and transport capacity. / text

M. Tech. Electrical Engineering. / Objectives of this research is to use the node orientation, coupled with antenna radiation pattern of each node, to improve the Received Signal Strength (RSS) range measurement technique. As energy eciency is critical to WSNs, it is necessary to minimize both computation and communication costs in any operation involving WSNs,including during the localisation process. To achieve that, accelerometer measurements are used to reduce the number of iteration of the optimisation process during the refinement phase by computing more accurately an initial position for the optimisation using dead reckoning and approach the localisation in a distributed manner. The contribution of this is the investigation and development of an ecient localisation algorithm that can be used on a low cost wireless sensor board developed using existing technology. A review of the existing methods is conducted to highlight the key aspect to consider when developing an ecient localisation algorithms. A mathematical modelling of the proposed algorithm is developed and simulation is conducted to analyse the performance of the algorithm. An exhaustive test bed hardware has been designed on which the algorithm can to be validated.

M.Ing. (Electrical and Electronic Engineering) / With all the talk about the Information Highway and its construction, there is also a channel which is highly underestimated and thus almost ignored. On normal FM radio transmissions extra bandwidth exists, suitable for the transmission of audio and data. In this thesis the effects of interference on data transmission over the Supplementary Signal Transmission (SST) channel are analysed. The channel is characterized in terms of the Bit Error Rate (BER) versus field strength and distance from a transmitter ...

Indoor/Outdoor Location of Cellular Handsets Based on Received Signal Strength Jian Zhu 123 pages Directed by Dr. Gregory D. Durgin Accurate geo-location is an important emerging technology for public safety, commercial use, and military application. Especially, in the United States, the wireless Enhanced 911 (E911) rules by the Federal Communication Commission (FCC) seek to provide 911 dispatchers with additional information on wireless 911 calls. This dissertation presents a novel technique for indoor/outdoor location of cellular handsets based on received signal strength (RSS) measurements taken by a cellular handset of the surrounding base stations. RSS location accuracy for different environments is studied as a function of base station separation distance, cell sector density, measurement density, radio propagation environment, and accuracy of measurement. The analytical and experimental results in this thesis serve as a guideline for the accuracy of RSS signature location technology under different conditions. Accurate outdoor to indoor penetration models are proposed and validated for dense urban areas by introducing pseudo-transmitters to simulate the wave-guiding effects in urban canyon environments. A set of location algorithms is developed to improve location accuracy. Furthermore, an algorithm to discriminate between indoor and outdoor users is proposed and validated. The research results demonstrate the feasibility of RSS location techniques to meet the FCCs requirements for E911 accuracy in urban and semi-urban environments. The techniques remain accurate for indoor handsets. The results also suggest that a hybridization of the handset-based GPS method and the RSS signature method may prove to be the most effective solution for locating handsets across a range of environments; including rural, suburban, dense urban, and indoor.

M. Tech. Electrical Engineering. / Proposes certain approaches aimed at improving handover from the users point of view, the benefits may include enhanced quality of service, avoidance of handover disruption and reduction of handover rate, irrespective of high traffic loads at the BSs.The proposed scheme improves the network performance by minimising the handover delay time and also enhancing the effective use of radio resources

The growth of mobile networks and the imminent deployment of third generation networks and services will require signalling networks to maintain their integrity during increased unanticipated traffic volumes. As signalling networks become larger and more complex, an analysis ofprotocol operation is necessary to determine the effectiveness of the current protocol implementation and to evaluate the applicability of the proposed enhancements. The objective of this study ,is to develop analytical models to analyse the impact of Signalling Transfer Point congestion on network performance when simple message discard schemes are used as the primary flow control mechanism, and to investigate suitable congestion and flow control mechanisms to help alleviate the congestion. Unlike previous studies, that are localised and only concentrate on the nodes around the congested entity, the models presented here examine the impact of network wide and focused overloads on the entire network. The study considers both the fixed-line and mobile network environments, and analyses the performance of the ISDN User Part and Mobile Application Part protocols. The call completion rate and location update success rate are used to measure performance, instead of message throughput, since these parameters provide a more appropriate measure of the grade-of-service and more accurately reflect the level of service provided to a customer. The steady state equilibrium models, derived here, can be used to quickly estimate the safe operating regions of a signalling network, while the transient models provide a more intuitive perspective of the traffic processes that lead to congestion . Furthermore, these models can be used to examine the network performance for different message priority schemes, routing algorithms, overload scenarios and network configurations. The performance of various congestion control mechanisms that incorporate non-linear throttling schemes is also evaluated, together with an examination of the impact of congestion on multiple user parts in a mobile network environment. Message priority schemes are found to offer little or no advantage in a fixed network environment, but in a mobile network they can be used to maintain the network's performance at an optimum level during periods of overload. Network performance is also improved if congestion controls block load-generating traffic at the initial onset of congestion and then gradually restore traffic as the performance improves . / Thesis (Ph.D.)-University of Natal, Durban, 2002.

A dissertação apresentada utiliza a representação de treliça mínima e seccionada para a decodificação de códigos turbo, analisando os impactos da aplicação desta técnica no desempenho (taxa de erro em função da relação sinal ruído) em um canal AWGN e avaliando a redução de complexidade de processamento. O processo de decodificação proposto utilizará a teoria de minimização de treliça proposta em (MCELIECE, 1996) e a teoria de seccionamento de treliça proposto em (VARDY, 1998). Decodifica-se utilizando o algoritmo max-log-MAP (VUCETIC; YUAN, 2000). Desenvolve-se uma métrica de complexidade baseada no número de operações e mostra-se técnicas para escolher-se seccionamentos que são simples e apresentam pouca ou nenhuma perda de desempenho em função da decodificação convencional. / We present a technique for reducing the turbo decoding complexity based on minimal and sectionalized trellises. A novel complexity metric is proposed and the complexity of all possible sectionalizations for some selected codes is evaluated. We use the minimal trellis representation proposed in (MCELIECE, 1996) for BCJR decoding and conclude that one can find less complex sectionalizations (when compared to the conventional trellis) which show small or none performance degradation.

A dissertação apresentada utiliza a representação de treliça mínima e seccionada para a decodificação de códigos turbo, analisando os impactos da aplicação desta técnica no desempenho (taxa de erro em função da relação sinal ruído) em um canal AWGN e avaliando a redução de complexidade de processamento. O processo de decodificação proposto utilizará a teoria de minimização de treliça proposta em (MCELIECE, 1996) e a teoria de seccionamento de treliça proposto em (VARDY, 1998). Decodifica-se utilizando o algoritmo max-log-MAP (VUCETIC; YUAN, 2000). Desenvolve-se uma métrica de complexidade baseada no número de operações e mostra-se técnicas para escolher-se seccionamentos que são simples e apresentam pouca ou nenhuma perda de desempenho em função da decodificação convencional. / We present a technique for reducing the turbo decoding complexity based on minimal and sectionalized trellises. A novel complexity metric is proposed and the complexity of all possible sectionalizations for some selected codes is evaluated. We use the minimal trellis representation proposed in (MCELIECE, 1996) for BCJR decoding and conclude that one can find less complex sectionalizations (when compared to the conventional trellis) which show small or none performance degradation.