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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Estudo comparativo de parÃmetros elÃtricos na absorÃÃo de substratos Na+/H+-dependentes em epitÃlio jejunal e ileal de coelho em cÃmaras de ussing / Comparative study of electric parameters in the substratum absorption Na+/H+-dependentes in epitÃlio jejunal and ileal de coelho in Chambers of Ussing

Eduardo Augusto Torres da Silva 29 May 2002 (has links)
CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / Cholera is a disease that became endemic in Brazil Northeastern after the pandemic initiated in Peru in 1991. Choleratoxin causes a potent intestinal secretion effect, resulting in significant loss of hydro-electrolyte balance and hypovolemic lock in patients with cholera. We postulate that the administration of substrates, such as amino acids and di-peptide-based glutamine, may increase intestinal sodium and water absorption, resulting in partial decrease of hydro-electrolyte loss in this disease. The aim of this work is to study the phar-macodinamic of Na+ and/or H+-dependent substrates in the rabbit normal small bowel and in the pre-treated with choleratoxin. The administration of substrates with sodium-dependent absorption could, partially, counterbalance the water and electrolyte losses. Others substrates such as di- and tri-peptides presenting mechanisms of proton-dependent absorption also reveal similar properties. The above facts encouraged the development of this comparative study about the ef-fect of cholera toxin on jejunum and ileum absorptive functions. The proximal jejunum and distal ileum loops were isolated in vivo and injected with 5 ml of cholera toxin (1 mg/ml) in saline (experimental group) or equal volume of saline alone (control group). After 1 hour of toxin incubation, the jejunum and ileum loops were excised, freed of their serosa membrane and opened. The fragments were mounted in perfusion chambers with temperature and oxygen control. The mucosal side was perfused with glucose-free physiological solution (substituted by manitol) and the serosas side by physiological solution with glucose. After stabilization, substrates from 1x10-5 to 1.7x10-3 M were cumulatively added. The electric parameters of short circuit current (icc), transepitelial potential difference (VTE) and transepitelial resistance (RTE) were measured in Ussing chambers be-fore and during the period of substrate addition. It was observed that: 1) the presence of cholera toxin increased significantly those parameters, except for RTE, in ileum fragments; 2) the addition of substrates presenting sodium-dependent absorption onto cholera toxin pre-incubated fragments always provoked an increase of RTE larger than that observed with control fragments. The same oc-curred with VTE, except for reduction of icc; and 3) the di-peptide alanyl-glutamine did not alter the RTE but increased significantly the icc both in normal and pre-incubated preparations. These results indicate a probable link between the transport mechanisms of Na+-dependent substrates and the regulatory mechanisms of the paracellular resistance, phenomena not observed in H+-dependent substrate absorption. / A cÃlera à uma doenÃa que se tornou endÃmica no Nordeste do Brasil apÃs a pandemia iniciada no Peru em 1991. A toxina do Vibrio cholerae (TC) causa potente aÃÃo secretÃria no intestino delgado, podendo levar a desequilÃbrio hidro-eletrolÃtico e choque hipovolÃmico nos pacientes com cÃlera. Postulamos que a administraÃÃo de substratos, tais como aminoÃcidos e di-peptÃdeos à base de glutamina, possa aumentar a absorÃÃo de sÃdio e Ãgua no intestino, reduzindo parcialmente as perdas hidro-eletrolÃticas na doenÃa. Este trabalho tem como objetivo estudar a farmacodinÃmica da absorÃÃo de substratos Na+ e/ou H+-dependentes no intestino delgado de coelho normal e naquele prÃ-tratado com a TC. A administraÃÃo de substratos com mecanismos de absorÃÃo Na+-dependentes pode contrabalanÃar parcialmente as perdas hÃdricas e eletrolÃticas. Outros substratos, tais como os di- e tri-peptÃdeos, que apresen-tam mecanismos de absorÃÃo prÃton-dependentes, tambÃm possuem propriedades se-melhantes. Estas reflexÃes nos levaram a estudar os efeitos da toxina de cÃlera sobre os parÃmetros elÃtricos de dois segmentos intestinais (jejuno e Ãleo). AlÃas de jejuno proximal e de Ãleo distal foram isoladas in vivo e injetadas com 5 ml de toxina de cÃle-ra (1 mg/ml) em soluÃÃo fisiolÃgica (grupo experimental) ou igual volume de soluÃÃo fisiolÃgica (grupo controle). ApÃs 1 hora de incubaÃÃo com a toxina, as alÃas foram retiradas, dissecadas da membrana serosa e abertas. Os fragmentos planos foram mon-tados em cÃmaras de perfusÃo com temperatura e oxigenaÃÃo controladas. O lado mu-coso foi perfundido por soluÃÃo sem glicose (substituÃda por manitol), enquanto que o lado seroso por soluÃÃo glicosada. ApÃs estabilizaÃÃo, foram adicionados cumulativa-mente substratos em concentraÃÃes que variam de 1x10-5 a 1,7x10-3 M. Os parÃmetros elÃtricos corrente de curto-circuito (icc), diferenÃa de potencial transepitelial (VTE) e resistÃncia transepitelial (RTE) foram medidos em cÃmaras de Ussing, antes e durante o perÃodo de adiÃÃo de substratos. Foi observado que: 1) a toxina de cÃlera aumentou significativamente estes parÃmetros, com exceÃÃo da RTE, nos fragmentos de Ãleo; 2) a adiÃÃo de substratos de absorÃÃo Na+-dependentes nos fragmentos prÃ-incubados com toxina de cÃlera sempre provocou um aumento da RTE significativamente maior do que aquele observado nos fragmentos controle, o mesmo ocorrendo com relaÃÃo à VTE, mas com reduÃÃo da icc; e 3) o di-peptÃdeo alanil-glutamina nÃo causou alteraÃÃo na RTE, mas aumentou significativamente a icc tanto nas preparaÃÃes normais como nas prÃ-incubadas. Esses resultados indicam uma possÃvel ligaÃÃo entre os mecanismos de transporte de substratos Na+-dependentes e os mecanismos reguladores da resistÃncia paracelular, fenÃmeno nÃo observado na absorÃÃo do substrato H+-dependente.

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