The aim of this study was to develop a leadership measure using situational judgment test (SJT) methodology and to evaluate both construct and criterion-related validity of the developed SJT with respect to a well established measure of leadership, the Leadership Opinion Questionnaire (LOQ). In this study, it was hypothesized that task-oriented leadership-based SJT (SJT-T) is positively related to the supervisors&rsquo / and subordinates&rsquo / ratings of task-oriented leadership as assessed by the LOQ and relationship-oriented SJT (SJT-L) would be positively related to the supervisors&rsquo / and subordinates&rsquo / ratings of the relationship-oriented leadership as assessed by the LOQ. The data were collected from supervisors (N = 87) and their subordinates (N = 160) in a government organization in Ankara. The results indicated that the expected division of SJT-T and SJT-R was not possible. Therefore, rather than developing two SJTs measuring task- and relationship-oriented leadership, a decision was made to develop a general SJT-L measuring context-specific leadership and the hypotheses were tested on an exploratory basis without making a distinction between SJT-T and SJT-R. It was found that the relationship between the SJT-L and supervisors&rsquo / self ratings for task-oriented LOQ was significant but in the unexpected direction. However, the relationship between the SJT-L and subordinates&rsquo / ratings for their supervisors&rsquo / relationship-oriented leadership, using the LOQ, was positive and significant. Lastly, SJT-L was found to be a significant and unique predictor of subordinates&rsquo / ratings of leadership performance. Limitations of the study are acknowledged and results are discussed along with some suggestions for future research.