Introduction - Health care acquired infections (HCAI) are a common complication that affects hospital treated patients. Basic hygiene practice is the most important to prevent HCAI. The occurrence of HCAI is a big problem in India, mostly because of a low compliance to hygiene practice. The nurse has an important role because of their ability to inform and motivate the staff to keep a good compliance to hygiene practice. Aim - To illuminate nurses’ experiences of impacting factors on hygiene practice and infection control in a rural hospital in India. Method - Data was gathered through nine qualitative interviews. Data Analysis – The interviews were tape recorded, transcribed and then analysed through content analysis. Results - Four main categories was identified as important for conducting a successful hygiene practice;Knowledge among health care staff, relatives and patients, Leadership, Resources and Routines. Conclusion – a variety of factors have an impact on hygiene practice and infection control. The nurses experienced that knowledge of infection transmission is vital, as well as a good leadership and implemented routines. It is important having enough staff, sufficient material and facilities in order to prevent the spread of HCAI.