In the intention to establish a geomorphologic zonation of the threat levels due to slope in-stability of the Mocoy hydrographic basin, an analysis of the biophysics conditions was made by using the heuristic method. Space variables of greater incidence in local dynamics were identified and processed in ARC/INFO, and applied methodological proposals associated to the matrix of spatial analysis of Leopold and the system of transparencies of MacHarg. It was possible to identify three levels of threat: low, moderate and high, which were correlated with the operating morphogenetic processes, the geologic structure and lithology, as well as with the land use of this important river basin in the northern flank of the Venezuelan Andes. The analysis of the implicit mechanisms in the collapse of geologic material, as well as the estimation of the future tendency and detection of the areas of greater threat, constitute the basis for a suitable mitigation problem of dangerous slope processes and the sediment contribution tothe fluvial system of the Mocoy river. / Con la intención de establecer una zonificación de los niveles de amenaza geomorfológica porinestabilidad de laderas de la cuenca hidrográfica del río Mocoy, se efectuó un análisis de las condiciones biofísicas, mediante el método heurístico y se identificaron las variables espaciales de mayor incidencia en la dinámica local, tratadas en ARC/INFO y con propuestas metodológicas asociadas a la matriz de análisis espacial de Leopold y el sistema de transparencias de MacHarg. Se logró representar tres niveles de amenaza: baja, moderada y alta, las cuales fueron correlacionadas con los procesos morfogenéticos actuantes, la estructura geológica y litología, así como también con el uso de la tierra de esta importante cuenca del flanco norandino vene- zolano. El análisis de los mecanismos implícitos en el colapso de material geológico, así como la estimación sobre la tendencia futura y detección de las áreas de mayor amenaza, constituyen las bases para una adecuada mitigación del problema de procesos de ladera peligrosos y el aportede sedimentos al sistema fluvial del río Mocoy.

A zonation of slope instability hazard levels of the Mount Carmelo region was carried out based on an analysis of the geographical conditions using the Van Westen (2003) heuristic method and GIS. Three levels of instability hazard were established: low hazard areas (no actual harmful phenomena is recorded, although it might occur over the next years), moderate hazard (medium probability that harmful processes might appear over next years) and high hazard (high probability of harmful processes over the next years.) Zonation maps showing hazard areas will be very useful for physical planning and population protection, taking into· consideration   that  these  maps  may  reduce  economic  losses  and  human  casualties due to the above mentioned natural hazards. / Con la intención de establecer una zonificación de los niveles de peligro de inestabilidad  de laderas  de la región  de Monte  Carmelo,  se efectuó  un  análisis de las condiciones geográficas mediante la aplicación del método heurístico de Van Westen (2003) y de un SIG. Los resultados  obtenidos arrojaron tres niveles de peligro  de inestabilidad: peligro  bajo (no se presentan fenómenos dañinos, aunque se podrían presentar en los próximos años), peligro  moderado (moderada probabilidad de que aparezcan  fenómenos  dañinos  que  ocasionen  algún  tipo  de impacto  negativo  en los próximos años) y peligro alto (probabilidad alta de ocurrencia de un fenómeno dañino  para  la población  en  los  próximos  años). Los  mapas  de  zonificación  de áreas de peligro serán de gran utilidad para la planificación de los territorios y para la defensa civil, al contribuir a la reducción  de pérdidas  materiales y humanas que puedan  producirse  ante la ocurrencia  de estos  fenómenos.

Submitted by Jordan (jordanbiblio@gmail.com) on 2017-03-14T13:04:12Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISS_2015_Augusto Cesar de Figueiredo.pdf: 38206719 bytes, checksum: d6802287a4c043eb149492c00929cab6 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Jordan (jordanbiblio@gmail.com) on 2017-03-14T16:07:52Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DISS_2015_Augusto Cesar de Figueiredo.pdf: 38206719 bytes, checksum: d6802287a4c043eb149492c00929cab6 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-14T16:07:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISS_2015_Augusto Cesar de Figueiredo.pdf: 38206719 bytes, checksum: d6802287a4c043eb149492c00929cab6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-09-11 / As rodovias constituem importante instrumento para o desenvolvimento do Estado do Mato Grosso, sendo o modal mais utilizado para efetuar a logística de escoamento da produção bem como efetua a interligação entre os municípios. O crescimento do Estado de Mato Grosso acima da média nacional gerou a necessidade de uma grande demanda por infraestrutura, e em especial, por adequações e melhorias no sistema viário. Atualmente, o Governo tenta minimizar esta conjuntura através da execução de várias obras rodoviárias a fim de melhorar a trafegabilidade e consequentemente estruturar a sua logística do transporte. Paralelamente, esta escolha pelo transporte rodoviário acarreta impactos ambientais significativos embora a Engenharia Rodoviária tenha avançado no que diz respeito a tecnologia de construção e o conceito de preservação ambiental. A maioria das obras rodoviárias, durante a sua fase executiva, não possuem um rigor e uma metodologia apropriada para minimizar e controlar os impactos gerados principalmente aos processos ligados à dinâmica superificial e em especial as instabilizações dos taludes provenientes dos cortes. Os Estudos acerca dos EIA/RIMA previstos no Artigo 10 da Lei 6.938/81 da Política Nacional do Meio Ambiente objetivando o Licenciamento Ambiental são extremamente abrangentes e genéricos e não se constituem como ferramenta adequada para o correto monitoramento ambiental dos processos do meio físico durante o processo executivo destas rodovias. Diante desta realidade, este trabalho de pesquisa tem por objetivo subsidiar procedimentos metodológicos com o intuito de analisar e aplicar a Instrução de Proteção Ambiental (IPA-08), a fim de servir de ferramenta técnica para a avaliação dos impactos ambientais nos taludes de corte presentes na rodovia em execução e provocados pelas modificações no meio físico e em particular nos processos da dinâmica superficial, gerados na área de influência direta (AID). Para tanto, adotou-se como área de estudo um segmento pertencente a duplicação da rodovia BR-163/364/MT - Rosário Oeste ao Posto Gil com o intuito de acompanhar e inspecionar os impactos na área delimitada objetivando avaliar o desempenho do trecho rodoviário em estudo. Nesse trabalho foram apresentados como resultados a delimitação da área de estudo, sua compartimentação e caraterização geotécnica, a caraterização e apresentação das instabilizações nos taludes de corte assim como uma análise e proposta de aplicação da IPA-08 como forma de controle preventivo e corretivo. / The highways are an important tool for the development of the State of Mato Grosso, the most widely used modal to make the production flow logistics and makes the interconnection between the municipalities. The growth of the State of Mato Grosso above the national average generated the need for a large demand for infrastructure, and in particular for adjustments and improvements in the road system. Currently, the Government tries to minimize this situation through implementation of various road works to improve the trafficability and consequently structure their transport logistics. In parallel, this choice by road transport entails significant environmental impacts although the Road Engineering has advanced with regard to construction technology and the concept of environmental preservation. Most road works during their execution phase, not of a rigor and an appropriate methodology to minimize and control the impacts generated primarily to surface water resources ephemeral, intermittent and perennial directly influenced by the construction. Studies on the EIA / RIMA provided for in Article 10 of Law 6938/81 of the National Environmental Policy aiming Environmental Licensing are extremely comprehensive and generic and does not constitute as a proper tool for the proper environmental monitoring of surface water resources during executive these highway. Given this reality, this research has the objective to subsidize methodological procedures in order to anlyze and apply the Instruction of Environmental Protection (IPA-08) in order to serveas a technical tool for the evaluation of environmental impacts on cutting slopes present on the road in construction and caused by changes in the physical environment and in particular in the processes of dynamic surface, generated in the area of direct influence (AID). Therefore, it was adopted as the study area belonging to a segment duplication of BR-163/364 / MT - Rosario Oeste Posto Gil for the purpose of monitor and inspect the area bounded on the impacts to evaluate the performance of the road stretch in study. In this work results are presented as the delimitation of the study area, its subdivision and geotechnical characterization, the characterization and presentation of instability in cutting slopes as well as an analysis and proposed application of the IPA-08 as a form of preventive and corrective control.

Le Canal de Corse est un bassin confiné asymétrique localisé entre l’Île de Corse et l’Archipel de la Toscane, dont le flanc ouest est dominé par des processus turbiditiques et hémipélagiques et le flanc est par des mouvements en masse et des processus contouritiques. Le présent projet de doctorat a pour objectif de comprendre plus précisément les mécanismes contrôlant la formation des glissements sous-marins dans les contourites vaseuses (dépôts sédimentaires formés par les courants) pendant la période Plio-Quaternaire. Le vaste jeu de données disponible pour ce projet de doctorat inclut : la bathymétrie multifaisceaux, la sismique réflexion, les mesures géotechniques in situ, les mesures de vitesse de courant et les résultats d’un modèle hydrodynamique.Les contourites du Canal de Corse sont principalement composées de vase avec la présence de couches de sable formées par de forts courants de fond pendant les périodes de baisse du niveau marin. La croissance des dépôts contouritiques dépend de la disponibilité de sédiment fourni par le système turbiditique. Ainsi, cette croissance est lente pendant les périodes interglaciaires de haut niveau marin et rapide pendant les bas niveaux marins. Les courants contrôlent la morphologie du fond et génèrent les plastered drifts de forme convexe avec des pentes plus raides dans la partie avale, limités par une incision créée par les courants (moat). Le Pianosa Slump a été initié dans cette partie basse du plastered drift. Les moats pourraient être érodés préférentiellement pendant les périodes froides passées déclenchant ainsi certains glissements observés. Un autre facteur prédisposant l’instabilité de pente sur la Ride de Pianosa est la faiblesse d’une couche dont le comportement mécanique se caractérise par du radoucissement (perte de résistance avec le cisaillement). Cette propriété particulière est due à la présence de zéolites (produit de l’altération des roches volcaniques). Cette couche a formé la surface basale de rupture du Pianosa Slump. En conclusion, les deux principaux facteurs prédisposant la formation de glissements sous-marins sur la Ride de Pianosa sont : la morphologie du plastered drift avec une pente plus raide en aval et la couche faible composée de sédiment vaseux riche en zéolites. Le principal facteur déclenchant semble être l’érosion basale. / The Corsica Trough is an asymmetric confined basin located between the Corsica Island and the Tuscan Ar-chipelago, with the western flank dominated by turbiditic and hemipelagic processes and the eastern flank by mass transport and contouritic processes. The present PhD project aims to develop our understanding of the mechanisms that control the formation of submarine landslides within muddy contourites (sediment deposits related to bottom currents) during the Plio-Quaternary. The broad data set available for this PhD project includes: multibeam bathymetry, seismic reflection data, sediment cores, in situ geotechnical measurements, current ADCP measurements and results of a hydrodynamic model.The contourites of the Corsica Trough are mainly composed of mud with sandy layers formed by enhanced bottom currents during periods of sea level fall. The contourite drifts grow slowly during sea level high-stands and rapidly during sea level low-stands due to the high sediment availability provided by an active turbidite sys¬tem. Bottom currents control the seafloor morphology and generate plastered drifts on the slope. This is a con¬vex-shaped contourite with steep slope gradients in the lower part limited by a moat (incision created by bottom currents). The Pianosa Slump was initiated in this lower part of the plastered drift. The occurrence of continuous erosive processes during cold periods could undercut the slope and trigger submarine landslides. Another predis¬posing factor for slope instability identified is the presence of a potential weak layer with a post-peak strain soften¬ing behaviour (strength loss with increasing strain). This particular property is caused by the presence of zeolites (product of the alteration of volcanic rocks). This layer originated the basal failure surface of the Pianosa Slump.In summary, the two main factors predispose the formation of submarine landslides in the Pianosa Ridge are: the morphology of the plastered drift with steep slopes in the lower part and a potential weak layer composed of zeolitic muddy sediment. The main triggering factor seems to be undercutting by bottom currents.