Smegenų kraujotakos autoreguliacija (SKAR) – viena svarbiausių gyvybinių organizmo funkcijų, t.y. smegenų savybė moduliuoti apsirūpinimą krauju, išlaikant nekintamą kraujotaką,skirtingo smegenų perfuzinio spaudimo sąlygomis (Paulson et al., 1990). Perfuzinis spaudimas,įveikiantis išorinį pasipriešinimą (vidinį kaukolės slėgį ) ir vidinį (arteriolių sienelių tonusą,reguliuojamą vazomotorų) palaiko smegenų kraujotaką (Steiner et al., 2003b). Sveikame organizme garantuojamas smegenų kraujotakos pastovumas ir regioninis pasiskirstymas pagal metabolinius- funkcinius poreikius (Sato et al., 2009). Fizinio ar emocinio krūvio metu pakinta įprastinė organizmo sistemų veikla. Fizinis krūvis paveikia kiekvieną kardiovaskulinės sistemos komponentą. Fizinio krūvio metu padidėja aktyviai dirbančių raumenų metabolinis poreikis, sukeliama lokali vazodilatacija, kuri garantuoja adekvačią kraujo perfuziją ir sukelia bendro periferinio pasipriešinimo sumažėjimą (Sprangers et al., 1991; Brys et al., 2003), tuo pat metu padidėja sistolinis širdies tūris ir širdies susitraukimų dažnis (Brys et al., 2003; Duncker and Bache, 2008; Laughlin et al., 2011). Ilgalaikės treniruotės veikia kraujo spaudimą dėl lėtinio autonominės kontrolės mechanizmų poveikio ir kraujagyslių remodeliavimo (Pescatello et al., 2004b). Pasipriešinimo pratimai padidina periferinį kraujagyslių pasipriešinimą ir kairiojo skilvelio pokrūvį (Leddy and Izzo, 2009). Fizinio krūvio pradžioje būna smegenų kraujotakos padidėjimas... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Cerebrovasvular autoregulation (CA), i.e. an intrinsic ability of the brain to regulate its blood supply, maintaining stable blood flow within the wide range of cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP), is one of the most important vital functions in a living organism (Paulson et al., 1990). Perfusion pressure maintains cerebral blood flow by overcoming external (i.e. intracranial pressure) as well as internal resistance (i.e. vasomotor regulated tone of the arteriolar wall) (Steiner et al., 2003b). In healthy body, constant cerebral blood flow and regional distribution is maintained in accordance tometabolic and functional needs (Sato et al., 2009). Physical and emotional stress alters regular activity of organism. Physical exercise affects every component of cardiovascular system. Metabolic demand of actively exercising muscles increases during physical exercise; local vasodilatation develops, thus adequate blood perfusion is maintained and total peripheral resistance decreases (Sprangers et al., 1991; Brys et al., 2003). Meanwhile, systolic blood pressure and heart rate increases (Brys et al., 2003; Duncker and Bache, 2008; Laughlin et al., 2011). Due to long-term effect of autonomous control mechanisms and blood vessel remodeling, long-term physical training affects blood pressure (Pescatello et al., 2004b). Resistance exercises increase peripheral resistance of blood vessels and left ventricle afterload (Leddy and Izzo, 2009). At the onset of exercise, there is... [to full text]

Newly created software is presented in magister degree thesis. The software was created for the innovative non–invasive cerebral blood flow autoregulation monitor which has no analogy in the global high tech market. It will be possible at first time to get diagnostic information about the cerebral blood flow autoregulation status of patient with severe brain injuries using such non–invasive monitoring technology in clinical practice. That will help with the individual treatment decision making. Clinical studies were conducted in neurosurgical intensive care units using created software. It has been shown that non–invasive and invasive cerebrovascular blood flow autoregulation monitoring technologies provide the same diagnostic information about the patient status. That conclusion is statistically significant and evidence based. Some R & D projects were performed using non–invasive cerebrovascular blood flow autoregulation monitor with implemented new software. The results of such projects were used in order to formulate the metrological – technological requirements for the final design and development of the innovative non–invasive blood flow autoregulation monitor. Such device is under creation in Telematics Scientific Laboratory which works together with Vittamed Technologijos Ltd and conducts 6.015 million Lt project (BPD04-ERPF-3.1.7-03-05/0020).