In view of the high prevalence of nonapneic snoring adults and the inadequate understanding of the impact of this condition independent of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), this study investigates the neurocognitive and psychosocial functioning of 34 nonapneic snoring adults, 25 OSA patients, and 30 healthy control subjects using ANOVA with post hoc comparisons. Exploratory regression analysis was also carried out to investigate evidence of sleepiness or sleep efficiency as explanations for the effect of nonapneic snoring in nonapneic snorers’ functioning. Nonapneic snorers showed worse performance in various cognitive domains, including attention, working memory, verbal memory, and semantic fluency. Nonapenic snorers’ impairment in psychosocial functioning was identified. The daytime sleepiness of these individuals was significantly higher with lower sleep quality. Results also showed these individuals as more depressive, anxious, stressful, having lower quality of life, and experiencing problems with their daily functioning. In addition to sleep efficiency and sleepiness, sleep quality was also identified as one of the predictors for the psychosocial functioning of nonapneic snorers. Yet, none of the sleep variables was associated with the neurocognitive functioning. This study provides a comprehensive neuropsychosocial profile of nonapneic adults and specifies impaired areas that may warrant clinical attention. This study aims to increase awareness of breathing issues and their aversive impacts. Future research directions, such as investigating the effects of nonapneic snoring on the functioning and treatment efficacy of snoring reduction, are also suggested. / published_or_final_version / Clinical Psychology / Master / Master of Social Sciences

Thesis (M.P.H.)--Georgia State University, 2009. / Title from file title page. Michael P Eriksen, committee chair; Sheryl Strasser, committee member. Description based on contents viewed Feb. 22, 2010. Includes bibliographical references (p. 55-65).

Thesis (doctoral)--Lund University, 1997. / Added t.p. with thesis statement inserted.

Thesis (doctoral)--Lund University, 1997. / Added t.p. with thesis statement inserted.

No description available.

No description available.

Numerous theories of snoring have been offered, however only a few, such as Tsukamoto, Nagami and Tsunematsu (1938), are sufficiently precise to allow derivation of clinically useful treatments. The purpose of this study was to propose a behavioral theory of snoring for comparison to the Tsukamoto et al. theory. The two theories were evaluated by deriving a treatment technique for reducing snoring from each theory. Prediction of treatment efficacy differed for the two theories. The behavioral theory proposed that snoring is a learned adaptation to a blood gas tension imbalance caused initially by an upper airway restriction. The adaptation response of reduced muscle tonus and mouth breathing causes snoring. Altering the stimulus configuration which elicits the respiration response was predicted to be effective in reducing snoring. An electrically-induced muscle contraction in the throat was utilized to replace the low muscle tonus with a high muscle tension response thereby preventing velar tissue vibration. Tsukamoto et al. theorized snoring is caused by insufficient skeletal muscle relaxation at sleep onset to trigger a change in the vascular system. The nasal vascular bed remains dilated thus restricting air flow to the lungs. Snoring occurs as mouth breathing is utilized to obtain sufficient air flow. Relaxation training was predicted to reduce snoring by inducing constriction of the nasal vascular bed, thus increasing air flow through the nasal passages. Thirtytwo subjects were assigned to one of four groups: Relaxation (RX), Snore Collar (SC), Placebo Control (PC) and No Treatment (NT). The SC subjects wore a collar that caused an electrically-induced muscle contraction at the onset of a snore. The increased muscle tension gradually replaced the low muscle tonus of the respiration response. The RX subjects received relaxation training predicted by Tsukamoto et al. to reduce snoring. The PC and NT subjects comprised the control conditions. The SC subjects exhibited a significant, stable reduction on multiple duration snoring measures. The RX subjects exhibited a reduction on one snoring measure. The results of the study supported a behavioral interpretation and treatment of snoring. Personality concomitants and roommate perception of snoring were also briefly examined. / Doctor of Philosophy

Zhu, Yin. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2013. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 162-203). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstract also in Chinese; appendixes includes Chinese.

No description available.

Η εξέλιξη των ενσωματωμένων συστημάτων οδήγησε στη δημιουργία μικροϋπολογιστών συστημάτων χαμηλού κόστους τα οποία είναι ικανά να καταγράφουν, αποθηκεύουν και να επεξεργάζονται αναπνευστικά σήματα εντοπίζοντας έτσι ανωμαλίες της αναπνευστικής δραστηριότητας κατά τη διάρκεια του ύπνου. Τα αποτελέσματα αυτής της δραστηριότητας οδηγούν στην συστηματικότερη παρακολούθηση ασθενών με αναπνευστική ανεπάρκεια και βοηθούν στη διάγνωση και πρόληψη τέτοιων αρρυθμιών εν τη γενέσει τους όσον αφορά σε εν δυνάμει ασθενείς. Στα πλαίσια λοιπόν αυτής της εργασίας παρουσιάζεται ένα τέτοιο ενσωματωμένο σύστημα χαμηλού κόστους το οποίο καταγράφει ,αποθηκεύει και επεξεργάζεται αναπνευστικά σήματα που έχουν ληφθεί κατά τη διάρκεια ανθρώπινου ύπνου. Στα κεφάλαια που ακολουθούν αναλύεται η δομή ,οι επιμέρους συνιστώσες του συστήματος καθώς και μέθοδοι επεξεργασίας του σήματος. Αρχικά λοιπόν ορίζεται το ιατρικό και θεωρητικό υπόβαθρο πάνω στο οποίο στηρίζονται οι ισχυρισμοί και μέθοδοι που ακολουθούνται. Εν συνεχεία, γίνεται εισαγωγή στους στοιχειώδεις ορισμούς όπως αυτοί του μικροελεγκτή και ενσωματωμένου συστήματος και γίνεται μια πρώτη αναφορά στο μικροελεγκτή ADuC 7020 της Analog Devices που χρησιμοποιήσαμε και στα περιφερειακά αυτού. Επίσης γίνεται και ανάλυση των στοιχειωδών χαρακτηριστικών του περιβάλλοντος μVision της Keil που μας επιτρέπουν να κάνουμε προσομοιώσεις με μηδενικό υλικό στη διάθεσή μας. Σε επόμενο κεφάλαιο γίνεται αναλυτική επεξήγηση του μικροελεγκτή μας και δίνονται επιπλέον ενδεικτικά παραδείγματα με τα οποία γίνονται κατανοητές βασικές δυνατότητες που προσφέρει αυτός και στις οποίες θα στηριχθούμε για να δομήσουμε το δικό μας πρόγραμμα. Σημειώνουμε εδώ πως ο προγραμματισμός του μικροελεγκτή και των περιφερειακών του έγινε σε γλώσσα προγραμματισμού C. Τέλος παραθέτουμε αναλυτικά τον κώδικα της εφαρμογής μας και καταλήγουμε σε αποτελέσματα και συμπεράσματα. / The development of embedded system has led to the creation of low cost microcomputer systems that are capable of recording, storing and processing respiratory signals thus giving the opportunity to identify respiratory abnormalities during sleep time. Results of such activities result in more intensive monitoring of patients with respiratory insuffiency and help other potential patients to diagnose the abnormalities and prevent them. Within this thesis, we present such a low cost embedded system that records, stores and processes the respiratory signal of snores obtained during human sleep. In the following chapters we analyze the structure, each component of the system and the methods being implemented. Initially we define the medical and theoretical background on which we are based to build in our program and apply our methods. Moreover, we give the basic definitions such as the microcontroller’s and the embedded system’s, and we make the first presentation of the microcontroller ADuC 7020 of Analog Devices and its peripherals that will be used for implementation. We also present the μVision the Keil environment which enables us to emulate the microcontroller having at our disposal zero hardware. Later we will give a detailed explanation of this microcontroller and some basic examples of its programming possibilities are presented that will help us the application. The programming of the microcontroller and its peripherals was done in C programming language. Finally the programming of the microcontroller is given and explained in detail and we conclude with the results.