La famille Chaumont issue de la bourgeoisie namuroise émigre à Paris, vers 1719. Elle ne dispose d'aucun levier hors les billets financiers dévalués, gagnés dans l'approvisionnement des armées françaises des Flandres pendant le guerre de Succession d'Espagne. Elle spécule avec succès pendant la période du "Système de Law" pour construire une fortune foncière et acheter des offices de la haute administration royale.Elle construit aussi un réseau d'alliances matrimoniales avec de riches familles de noblesse récente. Par son mariage, le fils aîné est allié à Philibert Orry, futur ministre d'Etat. Il est commissionné chancelier du roi Stanislas, souverain des duchés de Lorraine et de Bar. Il reste en place vingt-neuf ans et gouverne les duchés pour le bien du royaume de France. Toute sa famille bénéficie de sa position pour obtenir charges et bénéfices lorrains dans l'administration, dans l'armée et le clergé.La troisième génération est installée dans la haute société de son temps et proche du pouvoir royal. Deux branches continuent la lignée comme intendant de province, intendant des POnts et Chaussées et évêque. La Révolution interrompt l'ascension des Chaumont proches des postes ministériels. Le rôle éminent de la famille est définitivement stoppé.Nous mettons en évidence sur trois générations, les ressorts qui font la fortune et l'ascension sociale de la famille Chaumont. Nous voulons montrer en quoi cette ascension n'est qu'un exemple parmi d'autres dans ce XVIIIe siècle et comment elle se distingue et présente des caractéristiques particulières. / Chaumont family, "bourgeois" from Namur won only depreciated bills of exchange by suppliing French armies during the wae of the Spanish succession in Flanders.They emigrated to Paris, around 1719 and speculated successfully during the 'Mississipi Bubble" to build a real estate fortune in France and buy offices in the senior royal administration.They also built a network of matrimonial alliances with rich, new ennobled families. The eldest son was related by marriage with Philibert Orry, future minister of State. He was appointed chancelor of king Stanislas, Duke of Lorraine and Bar. He stayed at this responsability for twenty-nine years and ruled the duchies for the sake of the French kingdom. The whole family benefited from the lasting appointment to obtain offices and prebends from Lorraine in the Church or the Army or the Administration.The third generation was installed in the high society, close to the royal power. Two branches still continued the family line as royal provincial intendant or director of the Roads Department or bishop. The French revolution disrupted the family's rise. THe prominent, close the king functions were definitively weakened.We highlighted the means used by the Chaumont family to realize their fortune and a very kick social rise over three generations; how this family was only one example among others but also why it was a particular case.

The Castle of Education and the Nation is a work concerning secondary segment of schooling system in the political district of Sušice. The time scope of the work is framed by two school reforms from years 1869 and 1953. The work is divided into four topic areas. The opening part dedicates its attention to crucial literature regarding secondary schools, based on it the development of the secondary schooling in the inquired period is outlined, also the formation and evolution of secondary schooling in the political district of Sušice. Second part founded on the primary source research. All secondary schools in the political district of Sušice are analysed in detail with the emphasis put on changes in numbers of students in particular class, their gender and language composition and their geographical and socio-professional background. Emphasis is also laid on the percentage of the studying, who completed particular school successfully. The third part of this work builds on the second part. It sums up and generalises the results of the analysis and manipulates with it further using some theories from the field of history, sociology and the theory of nationalism. Especially the idea of social reproduction, social rise through secondary school education and the specific relationship of men and women to...