A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Masters by Coursework and Research Report in the Department of History, the Faculty of Humanities, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg / This study analyzes the “socialization of the countryside” and its consequences for agricultural production in Manica district during the postcolonial period from 1975 until 1987. The impact of this policy, developed by FRELIMO as guerrilla movement during the struggle of liberation of Mozambique (1964-1974) and as FRELIMO government from 1975 until 1987, has been analyzed here in historical perspective. During the struggle in liberated zones, FRELIMO along with the rural African population developed a collective form of production inspired by African socialism developed by President Julius Nyerere in Tanzania. FRELIMO’s new policy was implemented in whole country after independence in 1975, through the creation of the state companies, communal villages, and cooperatives of production between 1976 and 1987. This policy was implemented in the countryside without having the rural experience necessary to inform its functioning. Additionally, the weakness of human resources in its management of the policy further undermined its success. Furthermore, the war led by RRENAMO from 1976 until its end in 1992 weakened the state’s resolve. These three factors became the basic causes of the policy’s abandonment in 1983, and its replaced by the neo-liberal economic adjustment policy in 1987. / MT2016

Orientador: Bela Feldman-Bianco / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-17T20:25:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Azevedo_DesireedeLemos_M.pdf: 8773082 bytes, checksum: e093668f8f42235c0a46f3afa818fed6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: A presente dissertação tem como tema as narrativas de exilados brasileiros, que se na República Popular de Moçambique, a partir de sua independência, em 1975, até meados da década de 1980. As memórias de suas trajetórias, de seus trajetos de deslocamento e dos processos sociais, nos quais consideram ter se envolvido, foram reconstruídas em histórias orais. A partir delas, procuro iluminar as categorias e premissas presentes na leitura comum do passado, que observei entre os entrevistados. De acordo com essa abordagem, procuro descrever seus múltiplos deslocamentos internacionais, a rede de conexões e relações sociais que os possibilitaram, bem como os pressupostos sobre os quais se sustentaram. Defendo que suas percepções sobre estas questões passam pela identificação de um pertencimento pretérito a um campo social e simbólico transnacional, forjado pelo conflito político da Guerra Fria / Abstract: This thesis investigates the narratives of Brazilian exiles, who became "cooperative of the revolution" in People's Republic of Mozambique, from its independence, in 1975, until the mid 1980s. The memories of their trajectories, their routes of dislocation and the social processes, in which they believe they have been involved, have been rebuilt in oral histories. I try to illuminate the categories and assumptions that are present in their common view of the past, that I beheld among the interviewees. In accordance with this approach, I describe its multiple international displacements, the network of connections and social relations, which allowed them, as well as the assumptions that support them. I believe that their perceptions about these issues are connected to the identification of their past belonging in a social and symbolic transnational field, built by political conflict of the Cold War / Mestrado / Antropologia Social / Mestre em Antropologia Social