Usability Supporting Architectural Patterns (USAP) has already introduced a concept in software architecture for coping usability issues in better style and revealing its obscured dimensions. A support is also needed to develop the safety systems in such a way that they employ the same rules and get a better understanding of safety, its requirements and the architecture. A way to determine safety requirements from the patterns and working with the responsibilities of patterns was the aim for this thesis report. On the other hand, a useful tool with the name “ArchWiz” was to be developed further from its prototypical form-an assisting tool for architects to look for requirements and evaluation of their architecture. The mature development of ArchWiz tool, and incorporating the safety perspective with respect to USAP vogue was also the goal of the thesis. In a development process, architecture designing is a crucial and vital part of software system. During architecture designing process very first decisions and information are gained to validate if the system has the potential to meet its requirements and intended behaviours. Along with other important quality attributes, safety architecture has played an important role in developing today’s critical software and automated systems. These safety issues especially in software architecture are to protect, recover, discover and mitigate the hazards, faults, failures and catastrophic perils. The deficiency and obscurity of these inherent dangers can be reduced by understanding the safety in general and analysing its requirements from unseen perspectives. Later, these requirements can be traced into the architecture of a similar system as a knowledge base or experience gained. Architectural patterns and their investigation in safety provide a broad horizon for requirement and solution in various aspects. They help to bring out the requirements in refined way and in general manners too. The report, therefore, presents the suggestion to formalize the suggestions in safety with respect to requirement engineering in architectural context as well as reusable solution for these issues; alike in USAP style. / ArchWiz, USAP

Paramount Salt Handicraft A wholesale Himalayan salt company was previously doing business in traditional way and was limited only to the local market. However from the start day management was planning to expand the business to more locations and to attract more customers. So to expand the business and to attract the international customers and customers from other cities of Sweden it was necessary to make it available over the internet so that customers can easily get knowledge about the company’s products and purchase them. So the need of an online web shop was realized to bring the company’s plan into reality. The online shop will be act as a medium of interaction between the customers and the company and it will enable the customers to buy products online and make payments electronically and after that the products will delivered to them. Throughout the process the customers can easily track the overall status of their orders.

In software engineering there are methods for estimating the required effort for software development. Examples of such techniques are COCOMO (Constructive Cost Model) and FPA (function point analysis). However, these techniques cannot be used to estimate the required effort in carrying out testing. In this report I propose a framework or model based on previous scientific work regarding testing that seeks to merge the efforts needed in executing test cases and that of the required planning and related preliminary work to acquire test effort evaluation for a generic industrial application. In this proposed framework I compute the test execution effort from the complexity of test cases based upon the specification and this result would be used together with figures of the test planning effort to achieve our results. This method of estimating effort shows the amount of time, in man hours and the capacity of the testing team. Time begins when the test analyst starts analyzing specific requirements organizing them into different test levels and roles, the summation of times spent from this time up to the moment that a complete, debugged test script is developed and executed at least once for all requirements. Background work in this thesis gravitates around metrics popularly used in the industry regarding testing and also in software development effort.

A self-adaptive system aims at anticipating changes which occur in a complex environment and automatically deal with them at run time. Although a lot of work has been done on self-adaptive systems over the past decade but researchers have lack of knowledge on how the research results have contributed in improving of complex software systems. In addition, no systematic study has been performed so far on the claims along with the evidences associated with self-adaption. The concrete objectives of this thesis are to: (1)  assess the quality of current research in self-adaptive systems (2)  identify the focus of the research (3) what the expected claims are of self-adaption and to what extent these claimed benefits exist and (4) identify potential areas for future work in the field. For this purpose, various categories of 73 papers pertaining to SEAMS (2008-2010) were studied to obtain data related to 20 different items and after the concerted efforts, some research questions were framed for the collection of data.  The study description criterion were modified on the basis of results obtained out of the collected data from time to time which helped to modify the performance cycle through a continuous monitoring, resulting in to produce the accurate results at the end. This approach also enables the researcher how critically the papers can be studied/analyzed and how systematically the required data has been extracted from the papers through research questions and data items. The extracted data was then subsequently used to achieve all above mentioned objectives.       Numerous limitations during the study like observation of changed results due to human intervention or in case of conflict of opinions were faced. Secondly, this existing approach only dealt with SEAMS community and the results obtained from the extracted data may be different in case of dealing with other software engineering communities like ICAC (International Conference on Autonomic Computing) and SASO (Self-Adaptive and Self-Organizing), which would be taken as a challenge for future work.

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Under slutet av 2010 och våren 2011 har ett utvecklingsprojekt pågått hos AlexIT AB. Målet var att skapa en mobilapplikatioin för individer som vill bokföra sin alkoholkonsumtion. Som en del utav arbetet önskade projektgruppen bjuda in slutanvändare till processe, för att ta del utav deras idéer och feedback. Genom att låta en grupp slutanvändare själva skissa och beskriva sina lösningar och en annan grupp jobba fram en pappersprototyp tillsammans i en workshop gavs utvecklaren ett brett stöd för val i designprocessen. Det visar sig att de som individuellt skissa har inte låtit sig begränsas av antingen kravspeciifikationen eller mediet (mobiltelefon), utan har istället beskrivit funktionalitet framför design. Tvärtom har de som jobbat i workshop hållit sig inom ramarna för kravspecifikationen och mediet och skapat en komplett och implementerbar pappersprototyp.

This thesis describes the development of an internal web based tool for Ericsson AB in Linkoping. The problem addressed in this work is finding and managing new sales opportunities. The tool consists of an extensive structure of websites written in PHP and JavaScript with the database connection handled through MySQL. The content is a register of products but also has the ability of automatic generation of statistics. The purpose of the tool is to make the work with Ericsson’s customers more efficient, the tool will make it easier for the sales person to find a sales opportunity. The work structure consisted of two phases, an Alpha-stage to determine if there was value in developing the product and after that was evaluated the project went on to a Beta-stage to set the foundations for the proper product.

The goal of this thesis is to explore how the HMI of a process control system can be improved by applying modern interaction technologies. Many new interaction possibilities are arising on the market, while the interaction in the industrial domain still is quite conservative, with computer mouse and keyboard as the central method of interaction. It is believed that by making use of technology available today, the user interface can provide further assistance to the process control operators and improve the effectiveness of the HMI. A user study was conducted targeting a distributed control system to identify how they work with process control and to find improvement possibilities. The findings of the user study served as input for developing a number of concept ideas. The concept ideas were influenced by user interfaces that use other type of input channels, such as gestures, sound and touch. One design concept was further explored by developing a concept demonstrator. Finally, the proposed concept was evaluated by a usability test. The concept demonstrator and other proposed concepts will serve as input to potential future projects.

The current mobile technology is growing very fast, and it has already included many excellent features on mobile phones. Current mobile technology research mainly aims at fast execution and enriching mobile phone with more and more portable features. This thesis aims at a thorough investigation of Android enabled mobile phone’s capabilities. Mobile devices today may utilize several types of sensors. These sensors may be used to sense the environment, in which, the device is situated, directly or indirectly. The main idea is to connect sensing with end‐user programming (EUP). We enumerate some challenges that will be addressed in this thesis. This thesis is exploratory, which implies that it contains a survey of available techniques, tools, and approaches particularly in the mobile device domain. In addition the thesis will also explore and identify the limits with focus on the Android platform. Thesis Implementation languages are mainly Core Java, Android 2.1 programming language and XML. We have developed Sensors framework using Android API, which gives latest value of all possible sensors used in mobile phones, and notify end user programming about sensor value change. We have also developed ECA (Event Condition Action) framework, for end user programming to handle end user configuration changes. The thesis research and implementation results helped us to find answers for various challenges on mobile phone domain. Few of them to mention are, gathering information about different kinds of sensors, how they can be used for sensing real time environment, how we can combine different sensing results to identify particular action, identifying framework and domain language for end user programming.

Road maintenance during the heavy snowfall is an important problem. In Sweden the government and municipalities together spend close to 0.3 thousand million SEK every year for winter road maintenance. Approximately half of it is snow removal cost, which in turn to a large extent depends on the routing of the snow-ploughing vehicles. In this thesis work, we wish to develop an application framework for optimized routing operation for these vehicles so that the total operational cost can be reduced at a significant level. In general, there are different characteristics of snow ploughing depending on the routing procedure, one is done after the snowfall and the other is during the snowfall. In this thesis work, we are only interested to find the set of routing paths during the snowfall where duration of snowfall is unknown. We present a new way of generating an initial solution that deals with the real operational network. The optimization algorithm works upon this initial solution and try to reduce the number of periodic paths.