En el presente trabajo de investigación se diseñó un sistema de bombeo solar para almacenamiento de agua en sistemas de riego en zonas agrícolas aisladas con ayuda del software PVsyst. En el área de estudio actualmente para el riego del limón utilizan motores de combustión interna, originando costos elevados de combustible, mantenimiento y operación, además generando emisiones de 𝐶𝑂2 provocando la contaminación ambiental. Ante lo mencionado surge la alternativa de la aplicación de la energía solar fotovoltaica para el riego y proyectándose hacia el futuro a cosechar también espárrago, palta y arándanos; para ello se realizó una evaluación de niveles de radiación solar utilizando el software RETScreen, Meteonorm, CropWat y mediciones in situ, obteniendo 5,80 𝑘𝑊ℎ/𝑚 2/𝑑í𝑎 correspondiente al mes de julio, mes más crítico del año. En el diseño también incluye cálculos de evapotranspiración, demanda hídrica, caudal de bombeo, altura manométrica, longitud de la tubería, volumen del reservorio y diámetro de la tubería, para así poder definir los componentes del sistema de bombeo solar. Para este sistema se seleccionó una bomba sumergible de la marca Lorentz, 08 paneles solares de la marca Trina Solar de 405 𝑊, un controlador de la marca Lorentz y un reservorio de geomembrana aprovechando las características del terreno. Para la elaboración de los planos respectivos se utilizó se software AutoCAD. La evaluación económica resulto dar un 𝑉𝐴𝑁 = 𝑆/. 32 760,78, una 𝑇𝐼𝑅 = 19,91% y un tiempo de retorno de 5,33 años de asegurando la factibilidad del proyecto. / In this research work, a solar pumping system was designed for water storage in irrigation systems in isolated agricultural areas with the help of the PVsyst software. In the study area, internal combustion engines are currently used for lemon irrigation, causing high fuel, maintenance and operation costs, also generating 𝐶𝑂2 emissions, causing environmental pollution. Given the aforementioned, the alternative of applying photovoltaic solar energy for irrigation arises and planning in the future to also harvest asparagus, avocado and blueberries; For this, an evaluation of solar radiation levels was carried out using the RETScreen, Meteonorm, CropWat software and in situ measurements, obtaining 5,80 𝑘𝑊ℎ/𝑚 2 /𝑑𝑎𝑦 corresponding to the month of July, the most critical month of the year. The design also includes calculations of evapotranspiration, water demand, pumping flow, manometric head, pipe length, reservoir volume and pipe diameter, in order to define the components of the solar pumping system. For this system, a Lorentz brand submersible pump was selected, 08 Trina Solar brand solar panels of 405 𝑊, a Lorentz brand controller and a geomembrane reservoir taking advantage of the characteristics of the terrain. AutoCAD software is used to prepare the respective plans. The economic evaluation resulted in an 𝑁𝑃𝑉 = 𝑆/. 32 760,78, an 𝐼𝑅𝑅 = 19,91% and a payback time of 5,33 years, ensuring the feasibility of the project.

Chemical Oxygen Iodine Laser(COIL) is an electronic transition high energy chemical laser having a wavelength of 1.315 /mi. This is the first chemical laser to operate on an electronic rather than a rotational or vibrational transition. In principle the COIL can be operated either in pulsed or cw mode. Its interest lies in high chemical efficiency, high power and wavelength which is shortest among all the chemical lasers. COIL finds a wide range of applications as its output wavelength at 1.315/zm couples well with the surface of most metals. The applications include surface hardening and modification of metals, welding, drilling and cutting of metals, cutting of ceramics, micro machining, laser deposition of non metallic coatings on metallic surfaces, monitoring of atmospheric pollutants and solar hazardous waste detoxification. Moreover, its wavelength is suitable for fiber optic transmission. In COIL the laser output at 1.315 /an is achieved by stimulated emission on the f (2-PL/2) -* -f (2-p3/2) magnetic dipole transition in atomic iodine. The population inversion on this transition is obtained by resonant collisions! energy transfer from metastable excited Oj^A) molecules produced by a chemical reaction of KOH, H2O? and Cl2. The chemical reaction of H2O2 and Cl2 that produces oxygen molecules is highly exothermic, and because of spin conservation considerations, channels its energy directly into the metastable electronically excited singlet delta state of oxygen molecule. Since the O2(1A) has a 45 mins lifetime and hence an extremely low small signal gain coefficient, it cannot be lased directly. Lasing can be achieved, however, if this energy is transferred to an atom or molecule which has a reasonable transition moment between its excited and ground states. The iodine 52P^2 -> 52P3/2 magnetic dipole transition has an acceptable transition moment and is nearly resonant with the 02{lA) state in oxygen. Excited iodine atoms are obtained by mixing O2(l A) and l2 molecules resulting in their dissociation and subsequent excitation. Power levels in excess of 25 kW have been reported in COIL. Due to wide range of applications and mainly for its use as a laser weapon, efforts are being made to enhance the power to higher levels. The dissociation of I2 controls the gain of the coil and hence power. In the pure COIL scheme some of the I2 remains undissociated due to the recombination reactions. Hence if we add a mechanism to dissociate the residual I2 molecules, we can enhance the performance of the COIL. So we propose to add a solar pumping to conventional COIL, which by photo exciting the undissociated I2lead to increase in efficiency. The thesis contains six chapters in which chapter 1 contains a general introduction and the definition of the research problem. The basic theory and the chemical reactions are discussed in chapter 2, The proposed model is discussed and the rate equations are solved in chapter 3. The numerical scheme and the computer code along-with the validation of the code are presented in chapter 4. The numerical results for the species concentrations, population inversion density and the output power for the proposed solar pumped COIL are presented in chapter 5, Final conclusions and future scope of the proposed research are presented in the final chapter 6. (Pl refer the original document for formulas)