The global climate anomalies lead to significant disaster. Governments have attached great importance to develop related strategies. In 2009, climate change conference were held in Copenhagen, which gathered 194 representatives of member states to discuss the next phase in response to climate changing. The United States, China and other nation¡¦s leaders attend this conference, which shows the importance of the meeting. On the other hand, corporates started to focus on the green energy technology. On business efficiency and competitiveness, the enterprises for the timely introduction of green energy technology, may be able to provide better production and manufacturing. However, for enterprises to import new technology is often associated with high costs and high risks. Therefore, imported green energy technology has become a very challenging task. For the solar industry, as oil prices coupled with the rise of environmental awareness. The solar industry growth can be expected. Therefore, this study design AHP (Analysis Hierarchy Process, AHP) questionnaire for experts and scholars, government agencies and related companies conducted a questionnaire survey. Developing a general framework for evaluating and introducing solar energy technology into a technology company is presented. The results showed that a lot of experts put great emphasis on the gradual trend of green production. Cost criterions are also as the key consideration for those companies to import solar installation. For example, they consider the implementation costs and maintenance costs when those companies need to introduce solar energy equipment. Most important part is the policy criterion which is the key consideration for those companies. In the future, we need more experts and scholars, government agencies and related companies to do more efforts and promotion to this industry.

What is the trend of the global solar PV industry? What is the importance of Solar Energy in Renewable Energy? Why shall we invest solar PV industry? What is the impact of Renewable Energy Bill, etc. (Law) and the purchase plan (policy) on the solar PV industry? For this research, we mainly analyze the importance of the investment in solar photovoltaic industry. We realize that energy issues have been significant via the analysis by the report of the World Organization, so we shall solve the energy crisis by energy conservation and the development and use of renewable energy. Moreover, we shall realize how to solve the obstacles of the raw materials in solar energy research and which way to get technical and capital in solar photovoltaic industry practice of states, from that we will understand solar energy and the investment relationship of photovoltaic industry. The research results can help readers understand the importance of solar energy, the investment consideration of solar photovoltaic industry and the characteristics of the global solar market, hoping that the policy tools in our country can be leading and continuing success in the future.

Text in English / In recent years, there have been tremendous advances in information technology, robotics, communication technology, nanotechnology, and artificial intelligence, resulting in the merging of physical, digital, and biological worlds that have come to be known as the "fourth industrial revolution”. In this context, the present study engages such technology in the green economy and to tackle the techno-economic environmental impact assessments challenges associated with floating solar system applications in the agricultural sector of South Africa. In response, this exploratory study aimed to examine the development of a Geographical Information System (GIS)-based support platform for Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) and due-diligence analyses for future planned agricultural floating solar systems, especially with the goal to address the vast differences between the environmental impacts for land-based and water-based photovoltaic energy systems. A research gap was identified in the planning processes for implementing floating solar systems in South Africa’s agricultural sector. This inspired the development of a novel GIS-based modelling tool to assist with floating solar system type energy infrastructure planning in the renewable energy discourse. In this context, there are significant challenges and future research avenues for technical and environmental performance modelling in the new sustainable energy transformation. The present dissertation and geographical research ventured into the conceptualisation, designing and development of a software GIS-based decision support tool to assist environmental impact practitioners, project owners and landscape architects to perform environmental scoping and environmental due-diligence analysis for planned floating solar systems in the local agricultural sector. In terms of the aims and objectives of the research, this project aims at the design and development of a dedicated GIS toolset to determine the environmental feasibility around the use of floating solar systems in agricultural applications in South Africa. In this context, the research objectives of this study included the use of computational modelling and simulation techniques to theoretically determine the energy yield predictions and computing environmental impacts/offsets for future planned agricultural floating solar systems in South Africa. The toolset succeeded in determining these aspects in applications where floating solar systems would substitute Eskom grid power. The study succeeded in developing a digital GIS-based computer simulation model for floating solar systems capable of (a) predicting the anticipated energy yield, (b) calculating the environmental offsets achieved by substituting coal-fired generation by floating solar panels, (c) determining the environmental impact and land-use preservation benefits of any floating solar system, and (d) relating these metrics to water-energy-land-food (WELF) nexus parameters suitable for user project viability analysis and decision support. The research project has demonstrated how the proposed GIS toolset supports the body of geographical knowledge in the fields of Energy and Environmental Geography. The new toolset, called EIAcloudGIS, was developed to assist in solving challenges around energy and environmental sustainability analysis when planning new floating solar installations on farms in South Africa. Experiments conducted during the research showed how the geographical study in general, and the toolset in particular, succeeded in solving a real-world problem. Through the formulation and development of GIS-based computer simulation models embedded into GIS layers, this new tool practically supports the National Environmental Management Act (NEMA Act No. 107 of 1998), and in particular, associated EIA processes. The tool also simplifies and semi-automates certain aspects of environmental impact analysis processes for newly envisioned and planned floating solar installations in South Africa. / Geography / M.Sc. (Geography)