Magister Artium - MA / This dissertation concerns itself primarily with deconstruction theory and a number of readings of this novel within the ambit of deconstruction. According to Derrida there is not a single deconstruction and in response to this remark this study undertakes more than one deconstructive reading of the same novel. These different readings are introduced by a preliminary reading of the paratext and a cryptic reading which acknowledges the fragmentary nature of this novel. Hereafter a deconstruction of the novel follows in two phases, of which the first phase focuses on the process of its production. The non-fictitious documents on which the novel is based are revealed and exposed as building blocks during this reading. The second phase of the deconstructive reading is divided into two parts. The first part is based on Derrida’s dredging machine metaphor which introduces and illustrates the concept of random reading. During this phase the novel is acknowledged and read as an intertextual reconstruction. The non-fictitious documents are acknowledged as an archive within the context of recent as well as less recent South African history which serves as intertexts along with other texts. The second part of the second phase involves a reading of this novel as an anti- Hegelian text. Hegel’s concepts of the state and law are brought into the reading process. The reading focuses on the Apartheid State, the police force as an instrument of the state, and offers a critique on the discriminatory laws and the Constitution of the time period within which the novel is contextualised. / South Africa

Women’s magazines as a popular form of entertainment are among the media products that have been criticised for misrepresenting women. These popular magazines are often condemned for their failure to represent women in a positive light although they claim to target women as their market. The objective of this research is to assess and analyse representations of women in selected women’s magazines. Because women’s magazines are part of popular culture, which is not only concerned with the production process but also takes into consideration the needs of the readers, the research seeks to find out whether these magazines meet the expectations of its readers. The study is a combination of qualitative analysis, which looks at the frequency and the manner in which women are represented, with a qualitative interpretation of women’s roles within those representations. The issue of representations of women in women’s magazines is a very complex one as magazines, like other cultural texts are open to multiple interpretations. Consequently, multiple conclusions have been reached and the outcome of the study is therefore a series of three conclusions based on feature articles, advertisements and at a theoretical level.

Dissertation submitted in partial compliance with the requirements for the Master's Degree in Technology: Fine Art (Painting), Technikon Natal / The financial assistance of the Centre for Science Development (HSRC, South Africa) towards this research is hereby acknowledged. Opinions expressed and conclusions arrived at, are those of the author and are not necessarily to be attributed to the Centre for Science Development. / M

M.A. / This study is based on developing guidelines that will enhance Employee Assistance Programmes (EAP) services within the South African Police Services (SAPS). The implementation of EAP services within the SAPS has left the members confused as to whether these services are meant to assist management (i.e. their employer- to get rid of them), or are the services really meant for their benefit and well being. The qualitative research methodology was applied with the researcher selecting participatory action research to engage members and the management in the study. The type of action research was focus group. 6 focus group sessions were conducted in the SAPS-Eastern Free State, with a sample of 72 members and management out of the population of 4000. The findings of the study confirm that EAP services within the SAPS in the Eastern Free State are not effective. Most of the members are not familiar with the EAP services within the SAPS. Those who are aware are afraid to utilize them as they are under the impression that they will be stigmatized or will jeopardise their chances of promotion. It is thus important for the EAP practitioners to adapt to the monitory marketing strategies that will be applicable to the SAPS. The practitioners should strive to market their services to such an extent that members understand the impact of EAP services in their lives. The guidelines have been formulated to enhance the services of EAP practitioners within the SAPS.

<p> Nearly 720,000 youth, ages 15 to 24, are living with HIV in South Africa. Black South African adolescents remain disproportionately impacted by HIV and face challenges to their development including issues of stigma, trauma, orphanhood and bereavement, increased poverty, and medication adherence and disclosure challenges. The majority of research on adolescents living with HIV (ALHIV) has only documented negative health outcomes and psychological distress. This study used a mixed methods approach to explore the factors that help South African ALHIV effectively cope with the adversities that they face and that contribute to their well-being and resilience. Participants included adolescents (<i>N</i>=7) from the Katlehong township in the Gauteng province, their primary caregivers (<i>N</i>=6), and their mental health providers (<i>N</i>=3). Photovoice was used to engage the adolescents in a process of taking photographs that represented how they cope with HIV and resources that contribute to their well-being. Adolescents also completed the <i>Child and Youth Resilience Measure-28 </i> to assess overall resilience and their access to ecological resources. To gain an additional perspective, caregivers were surveyed and mental health providers were interviewed. The study found that adolescents had access to protective factors and resources, across the ecological framework, which promoted psychological well-being and resilience. The protective factors were identified at the individual level (self-care, independence, being informed about HIV, and individual peer support), at the interpersonal level (family support), and at the community and contextual level (community support and finding purpose and belonging).</p><p>

Dit is reeds deur andere gese: dat die "vernuwing van Sestig" in die Afrikaanse prosa die Afrikaanse prosakritiek tot bestekname gedwing het soos die vernuwing in die poësie van Dertig die kritiek van daardie tyd. En waar die vernuwing in die prosa ook op die gebied van die kort prosakuns so duidelik op die voorgrond was, kan daar wel gevra word: hoe geldig is die teorieDit is reeds deur andere gess: dat die "vernuwing van Sestig" in die Afrikaanse prosa die Afrikaanse prosakritiek tot bestekname gedwing het soos die vernuwing in die poesie van Dertig die kritiek van daardie tyd. 2 En waar die vernuwing in die prosa ook op die gebied van die kort prosakuns so duidelik op die voorgrond was, kan daar wel gevra word: hoe geldig is die teorieë wat in Afrikaans so eksplisit oor die "kortverhaal" opgestel is vir die nuwer Afrikaanse verhaalkuns? en daarby: hoe geldig is die nuwer, meer teksgerigte beskouings in Afrikaans? Die vraag is die kern van die huidige studie.

The goal of this study was to conduct a needs assessment for a pre-retirement programme in the South African Police Service. The need for this study has arisen from the unavailability of a pre-retirement programme within the organisation which leads to the exit of employees, most probably unprepared for retirement, either in terms of financial or social aspects. The applied research study was conducted in order to explore the necessity for a pre-retirement programme in the South African Police Service. A quantitative research approach was utilised in order to gain numerical data that would determine the needs of both serving and retired employees of the South African Police Service. Two samples were utilised to collect data. The first sample which consisted of 80 units of analysis was for serving employees with a response rate of 100%. The second sample which consisted of 35 units of analysis was for retired employees with a response rate of 69%. A probability sampling method, known as simple random sampling was utilised to select the first sample of respondents. A non-probability sampling method in the form of purposive sampling was utilised for retired personnel. Two well-designed questionnaires were utilised to collect data from both serving as well as retired employees. The data presented statistically, transforming it into figures, percentages, tables, graphs and charts. All respondents signed a consent form prior to the commencement of data collection. The findings of the study proved beyond reasonable doubt that the lack of a pre-retirement programme in the South African Police Service leads to the exit of personnel from the organisation even though they are not prepared for retirement. Therefore, based on these findings, it can be concluded that there is a need for a pre-retirement programme for the South African Police Service. / Dissertation (MSW)--University of Pretoria, 2013. / gm2014 / Social Work and Criminology / unrestricted

M.Tech. / My research investigates whether the notion of a Goddess is still relevant as a metaphor to contemporary feminist art, both globally and within a South African context. My hypothesis is that the debate between the first and second-generation feminists regarding the relevance of the Goddess to feminism is incomplete. Using critical literary analysis I examine the issues surrounding the debate, exemplified through an analysis of artworks by Ana Mendieta and Tracey Rose. A further aim of my research is to raise critical debate as to whether a multifaceted and contradictory Goddess, such as the Hindu goddess Kālī, is more relevant to the diversity of options suggested by both postmodernism and a multicultural South Africa. Evidence and interpretation of such an ambivalent Goddess is sought in the work of South African artists Claudette Schreuders and Diane Victor. Arguments from texts relevant to the artworks are critically examined, augmented in the case of Schreuders by an interview. The presence of an ambivalent Goddess is developed in my practical work through exploratory research. Assemblages of varying materials have been created to suggest a metaphorical Goddess. Discussion of these artworks reveals that both materials and concepts are inextricably linked and are intended to invite multiple interpretations. By exploring the issue of feminism in a South African context and adding to a general body of knowledge on South African artists, my research contributes to the University of Johannesburg’s niche area Visually Embodying Identity in a Postcolonial Environment.

D.Litt. et Phil. (English) / Although children's theatre has been recognised internationally as an important twentieth-century movement, in South Africa it has tended to be an activity with little prestige, few dedicated artists, and a limited core of dramatic texts that has largely been overlooked by literary scholars. The neglect in this country of children's theatre, a formal category of legitimate theatre, and the lack of investigation of its literature, provide the motivation for this thesis. The documentation of a chronology of productions that have been presented in English in South Africa from the earliest recorded performances to the present time, established in Appendix A, suggests the shape of this study and reveals the existence of a nucleus of children's playscripts. Commentary on, and analysis of, a selected number of these illuminates the genre and its development in South Africa. The Introduction to the work describes a methodology of empirical research. It works towards a broad definition of the concept children's theatre - by examining factors that gave rise to its establishment as a world-wide phenomenon; by establishing the relationship between children's theatre and the development of the child; by placing it in the wider context of theatre generally, and drama for children specifically; and by analysing accounts of three representative productions - one from the United States, the second from Britain and the third an indigenous South African play. Parameters are drawn and set to indicate the extent of the study and the layout of the chapters. Chapter One establishes a pattern from brief outlines of the development of children's theatre in Britain and the United States. In the scheme of the work as a whole, this chapter serves as a point of reference against which the development of South African children's theatre and <its literature can be measured and evaluated. Chapter Two isolates theatrical channels of entertainment and information for children in Victorian times, prior to the term 'children's theatre' first being used. These were not necessarily actual theatre presentations, but can be termed 'amusements' with special attraction for the youth of the community particularly. The marvels exhibited range from flea circuses to elaborate mechanical extravaganzas. Within the framework of analysing specific key texts and determining the markers of a history of children's theatre in South Africa, the purpose of Chapter Three is to document the contributions made by individuals and organisations to the development of children's theatre and its literature in South Africa; to trace the rise and growth of certain identified categories of plays at particular points in the history of children's theatre; and to follow the development in procedures and approaches to productions in an attempt to periodize them into a literary-historical overview.

Chapter one is discussing the introduction and summary as well as the research methodology of this study. The introduction describes the identified problem statement of this study. Like the title indicates this study is looking at the necessity of the permanent chaplaincy in the South African Police Service (SAPS). From time to time certain questions are raised about the right of existence of the chaplaincy in the police. These questions are: • Why is there a permanent chaplaincy in the SAPS? • Why must the government pay permanent chaplains to minister to SAPS employees? • Why can’t the local pastor/assembly take care of the spiritual needs of SAPS employees? The constant questioning whether or not it is necessary to have chaplains on a permanent basis in the SAPS and what role they play in the police, forms the basis of the problem statement and thus the focus point of the discussion of the research of this study. Chapter two describes the heart and the soul of the chaplaincy in the SAPS. This will be done by looking into the history of the chaplaincy and from the very first temporary chaplain until it later became a permanent position in the police with continual growth upto today. This chapter is also looking at the status of the chaplain in the SAPS as well as the chaplaincy as a international phenomenon. The research is also focusing on the role of the permanent chaplain in the SAPS. This chapter is also discussing the criticism against the chaplaincy as a full time job in the SAPS as well as the answers on these questions from the SAPS national chaplaincy. Chapter two is also looking at the appointment of the chaplain in the SAPS and his heavy load of spiritual programmes in the police. Chapter three is a theological discussion of the role of the chaplain as a spiritual counselor with spiritual counseling as the main subject of this chapter. Further is the researcher also discussing the chaplain as counselor in the following counseling areas:  Marriage counseling  Trauma debriefing  Crisis counseling  Counselor in conflict situations  Pre marital counseling  Marriage enrichment  Family and child counseling The role of the chaplain as counselor is thoroughly research in this chapter as well as the significant role that he is playing in the lives of the police members. Chapter four is looking at the vision and mission of the SAPS as well as the vision and mission of the chaplaincy. What role does the chaplain play in abovementioned visions and missions? To understand and rate the role of the chaplain the researcher will be looking at both the vision and mission of the SAPS and chaplaincy. The researcher will also be looking at spiritual growth in service delivered unto police members. This can only be measured through the statistics of pro-active spiritual programmes and other spiritual activities of the chaplaincy presented to police members. The role of the chaplain as well as his role with his colleagues in the SAPS (The Employee Assistant Services – social workers, psychologists and chaplains) will be researched in their joined strive to reach and better the goals of the vision and mission of the SAPS. Chapter five is looking at the theological fundamentals of the chaplaincy in the SAPS. This consists of: • Theology of religions • The fact of the multi religious context in the SAPS • The origin of religions • The creation purpose, fall and restoration of mankind • What role are the police and the chaplains playing in the context of Biblical theology. Can the permanent chaplain make a difference in the SAPS today, and other questions are looked at from a theological perspective in this chapter. Chapter six discusses the conclusions that has been made of this research study and present certain recommendations and make some valuable proposals. Then the researcher concludes with a summary and some final remarks. / Dr. Dennis Erasmus Prof. Jan du Rand