The following study develops a structured focused comparison of two South American territorial crises: the Beagle Channel Crisis between Argentina and Chile (1977--1978) and the Cenepa Crisis between Ecuador and Peru (1994--1995). From a conventional perspective, the Beagle Channel Crisis should have escalated to war because it was a fully militarized inter-state crisis carried out by a military dyad. In contrast, the Cenepa Crisis should not have ended in war because it was a democratic dyad and the dissatisfied state was the weaker power. Yet the opposite happened in both cases: in the Beagle Channel Crisis the escalation process was contained, whereas in the Cenepa Crisis the situation escalated into an intensive war. / Based on a comparison of these two dyads, this study argues that deterrence strategy alone is not sufficient to prevent war. Only an interaction of deterrence strategy and third party involvement can contain an escalatory process, constituting a tool for strengthening deterrence.

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Orientador: Claudete de Castro Silva Vitte / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Geociencias / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-10T04:29:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Senhoras_EloiMartins_M.pdf: 2158187 bytes, checksum: c550762f3ed24ec783ae926c89751184 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / Resumo: A presente dissertação estudou as macroestruturas internacionais do regionalismo transnacional na América do Sul a partir da investigação sobre a Iniciativa de Integração da Infraestrutura Regional da América do Sul (IIRSA), que se trata de uma rede planejada centrada nos setores de transporte, energia e telecomunicações. A pesquisa desenvolveu uma periodização histórica de construção do espaço geográfico na América do Sul por meio do estudo histórico da formação territorial desde o período colonial até o período de conformação dos processos regionais de integração transnacional. Foi empreendido um estudo sistemático sobre a política espacial conhecida como regionalismo transnacional a partir de marcos teóricos e históricos na escala internacional até a conformação de estratégias oficiais de desenvolvimento de redes infra-estruturais na América do Sul. O trabalho analisou a visão de planejamento territorial incorporada na IIRSA a fim de caracterizar a sua centralidade geoestratégica no fortalecimento da América do Sul e o papel de influência brasileira na sua construção. Com essa discussão subsídios foram fornecidos por meio deste estudo para demonstrar que o processo de regionalização transnacional se fortalece na América do Sul devido a uma linguagem material reticular presente na IIRSA, ao introduzir um campo operatório de poder no sistema territorial que não é estruturalmente horizontal / Abstract: This dissertation studied the international macroestrutures of the transnational regionalism in South America taking into perspective the analysis of the Initiative for the Integration of the Regional Infrastructure of South America (IIRSA), a planned network focused on the sectors of transport, energy and telecommunications. This research has developed a historical periodization about the construction of the geographical space in South America taking as granted the study of the territorial formation since the colonial period up to the urging period of the transnational regional integration processes. From theoretical and historical landmarks in the international scale to the conformation of strategical developments of infrastructure networks in South America this dissertation presents a systematic study about the spatial policy called transnational regionalism The study of the transnational regionalism has examined the vision of IIRSA¿s territorial planning in order to characterize its geostrategic centrality in the strengthening of South America and the role of Brazilian influence in its construction. Troughout this discussion subsidies were supplied to demonstrate that the process of transnational regionalization has been strengthened in South America due to a material network language at the IIRSA projects by the introduction of an operative field of power in the territorial system that is not structurally horizontal / Mestrado / Análise Ambiental e Dinâmica Territorial / Mestre em Geografia