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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Measuring the Mass of a Galaxy: An evaluation of the performance of Bayesian mass estimates using statistical simulation

Eadie, Gwendolyn 27 March 2013 (has links)
This research uses a Bayesian approach to study the biases that may occur when kinematic data is used to estimate the mass of a galaxy. Data is simulated from the Hernquist (1990) distribution functions (DFs) for velocity dispersions of the isotropic, constant anisotropic, and anisotropic Osipkov (1979) and Merritt (1985) type, and then analysed using the isotropic Hernquist model. Biases are explored when i) the model and data come from the same DF, ii) the model and data come from the same DF but tangential velocities are unknown, iii) the model and data come from different DFs, and iv) the model and data come from different DFs and the tangential velocities are unknown. Mock observations are also created from the Gauthier (2006) simulations and analysed with the isotropic Hernquist model. No bias was found in situation (i), a slight positive bias was found in (ii), a negative bias was found in (iii), and a large positive bias was found in (iv). The mass estimate of the Gauthier system when tangential velocities were unknown was nearly correct, but the mass profile was not described well by the isotropic Hernquist model. When the Gauthier data was analysed with the tangential velocities, the mass of the system was overestimated. The code created for the research runs three parallel Markov Chains for each data set, uses the Gelman-Rubin statistic to assess convergence, and combines the converged chains into a single sample of the posterior distribution for each data set. The code also includes two ways to deal with nuisance parameters. One is to marginalize over the nuisance parameter at every step in the chain, and the other is to sample the nuisance parameters using a hybrid-Gibbs sampler. When tangential velocities, v(t), are unobserved in the analyses above, they are sampled as nuisance parameters in the Markov Chain. The v(t) estimates from the Markov chains did a poor job of estimating the true tangential velocities. However, the posterior samples of v(t) proved to be useful, as the estimates of the tangential velocities helped explain the biases discovered in situations (i)-(iv) above. / Thesis (Master, Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy) -- Queen's University, 2013-03-26 17:23:14.643
2

Spatial distribution of radio base stations at Fortaleza / DistribuiÃÃo espacial das estaÃÃes de rÃdio base no municÃpio de Fortaleza

Eduardo Campos Pereira 21 September 2015 (has links)
CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / The growing demand for mobile telephony services and the advent of new technologies requires their continued expansion, in order to ensure safe, reliable and high quality to its users. As a direct consequence of this growth has been the need to increase the amount of Radio Base Stations (RBS) to be installed. This expansion may have visual impacts and damage to the health of the population in the surrounding areas of the base stations, seeking always the best practices for the deployment of base stations. This model is based on policies that allow for expansion of services of mobile networks and, at the same time reduce the visual impact of these facilities as well as damage to the health of the surrounding area of the population, in a complementary manner to the applicable legislation. This concern is motivated by the loss of quality of service presented by the mobile operators, due especially to the poor distribution of antenna signal distributors. The objective of this work is to make a diagnosis of the spatial distribution of Radio Base Stations in the city of Fortaleza, focusing on its normative aspects and the current management system and supervision of those cell sites. The technical and regulatory aspects of installations of base stations used in mobile telephony will be searched, focusing the case study in Fortaleza, in addition to identifying the public agencies responsible for managing the inspection of cell sites in this municipality, and establish their respective responsibilities. For this, the methodology used in the study is based on qualitative exploratory research, using the deductive method of approach, performing literature, through the consultation of books, periodicals, theses, dissertations and legislation available on mobile telephony in Brazil and world, its normative aspects and criteria for installation of base stations. Also we used a field survey, through structured interviews managers of public agencies responsible for the management and supervision of RBS. The study showed that Fortaleza has 843 base stations registered by ANATEL (2014), with 6.8 million active mobile lines. Research by the SEUMA showed, among other aspects, despite the demands of municipal law in 8914, supervising or is done randomly, or from accusations of \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\"disagreement\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\" made by the people and that the body responsible not talk to one itself. / A crescente demanda pelos serviÃos mÃveis de telefonia e o advento de novas tecnologias exige sua contÃnua expansÃo, de modo a garantir serviÃos seguros, confiÃveis e de elevada qualidade aos seus usuÃrios. Como consequÃncia direta dessa expansÃo tem-se a necessidade do aumento na quantidade de EstaÃÃes RÃdio Base (ERB) a serem instaladas. Essa expansÃo pode apresentar impactos visuais e danos à saÃde da populaÃÃo nas Ãreas de entorno das ERBs, buscando-se sempre as melhores prÃticas para a implantaÃÃo das ERBs. Esse modelo baseia-se em diretrizes que permitem a expansÃo das redes dos serviÃos mÃveis e, ao mesmo tempo, reduzem os impactos visuais dessas instalaÃÃes assim como danos à saÃde da populaÃÃo da Ãrea de entorno, de modo complementar Ãs legislaÃÃes aplicÃveis. Tal preocupaÃÃo à motivada pela perda de qualidade do serviÃo apresentado pelas operadoras de telefonia mÃvel, devido, especialmente, à mà distribuiÃÃo das antenas distribuidoras de sinal. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho à fazer um diagnÃstico da distribuiÃÃo espacial das EstaÃÃes de RÃdio Base no municÃpio de Fortaleza, enfocando seus aspectos normativos e o atual sistema de gerenciamento e fiscalizaÃÃo dessas ERBs. SerÃo pesquisados os aspectos tÃcnicos e normativos das instalaÃÃes das ERBs utilizadas na telefonia mÃvel, focando o estudo de caso no municÃpio de Fortaleza, alÃm de identificar os ÃrgÃos pÃblicos responsÃveis pelo gerenciamento da fiscalizaÃÃo das ERBs neste municÃpio e estabelecer as suas respectivas competÃncias. Para isso, a metodologia utilizada no trabalho à baseada na pesquisa exploratÃria qualitativa e quantitativa, fazendo uso do mÃtodo dedutivo de abordagem, realizando pesquisa bibliogrÃfica, atravÃs da consulta de livros, periÃdicos, teses, dissertaÃÃes e da legislaÃÃo disponÃvel sobre a telefonia mÃvel no Brasil e no mundo, seus aspectos normativos e critÃrios para instalaÃÃo das ERBs. TambÃm serà feita pesquisa de campo, atravÃs de entrevista estruturada aos gestores dos ÃrgÃos pÃblicos responsÃveis pelo gerenciamento e fiscalizaÃÃo das ERBs. O estudo mostrou que Fortaleza possui 843 ERBs cadastradas pela ANATEL (2014), com 6,8 milhÃes de linhas ativas de celulares. A investigaÃÃo junto à SEUMA mostrou, dentre outros aspectos que, apesar das exigÃncias da lei municipal no 8.914, a fiscalizaÃÃo ou à feita de forma aleatÃria, ou a partir de denÃncias de âdesconformidadeâ feitas pela populaÃÃo e que os ÃrgÃos responsÃveis nÃo dialogam entre si.
3

Níveis, tendências, distribuição espacial e determinantes sócioeconômicos da fecundidade na Região Norte

Pereira, Fernanda Ramos 28 April 2008 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-11T13:52:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Fernanda.pdf: 344661 bytes, checksum: 5bc788cd8c419225c2938fc63ffe0caf (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-04-28 / FAPEAM - Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Amazonas / This work intends to analyze the behavior of the fecundity in the region North from the decade of 60, when the process of transistion of the fecundity - of high for low levels - in the country is initiated. It was opted in carrying through an analysis of the relation of the levels of fecundity with the education and income of the North women. Using the data of the demographic censuses of 1991 and 2000 and of the National Research for Sample of Domiciles (PNAD) of 2006, it is made first an analysis of the evolution of the levels and standards of the fecundity from years 60 in the region North and states. After that it was possible to carry through a space analysis of the levels of fecundity in the microregions of the region North. E finally, proceeded it an analysis from the relation of the levels and etários standards of the fecundity with the education degree and familiar income of the North women. How much to the levels of fecundity of the Region North it was observed that it has a trend of convergence of the levels for lesser values each time. However, the speed of this convergence is bigger for the resident women in the urban areas. Already it is possible to verify that the North more walks each time for the standard of the too much Brazilian regions, tending to finish with the heading of region with bigger fecundity it country. It is verified that the majority of the states of the region North already meets with next levels of fecundity to the spare level. The State of the Tocantins would be the only state of the region that already possesss fecundity below of the spare level. The Amapá and Acre still are the states that present the biggest taxes of fecundity of the region. We verify that the education possesss a direct relation with the levels of fecundity of the resident women in the region North. The education, beyond making possible the woman biggest possibility to improve its social and economic conditions, is also a determinative factor of the fecundity levels. The behavior of the fecundity in accordance with the family income indicates that it has a trend of the high fecundity if to reveal in the families with inferior monthly income one wage-minimum. One expects that this work presents subsidies for the application of programs and efficient public politics that guarantee the reproductive rights and access to the reproductive health for the set of the North population. / Este trabalho pretende analisar o comportamento da fecundidade na região Norte a partir da década de 60, quando é iniciado o processo de transição da fecundidade - de altos para baixos níveis - no país. Optou-se em realizar uma análise da relação dos níveis de fecundidade com a educação e renda das mulheres nortistas. Utilizando os dados dos censos demográficos de 1991 e 2000 e da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios (PNAD) de 2006, é feita primeiramente uma análise da evolução dos níveis e padrões da fecundidade a partir dos anos 60 na região Norte e estados. Em seguida foi possível realizar uma análise espacial dos níveis de fecundidade nas microrregiões da região Norte. E por último, procedeu-se a uma análise da relação dos níveis e padrões etários da fecundidade com o grau de escolaridade e renda familiar das mulheres nortistas. Quanto aos níveis de fecundidade da Região Norte observou-se que há uma tendência de convergência dos níveis para valores cada vez menores. No entanto, a velocidade dessa convergência é maior para as mulheres residentes nas áreas urbanas. Já é possível verificar que o Norte caminha cada vez mais para o padrão das demais regiões brasileiras, tendendo a acabar com o título de região com maior fecundidade do país. É verificado que a maioria dos estados da região Norte já se encontra com níveis de fecundidade próximos ao nível de reposição. O Estado do Tocantins seria o único estado da região que já possui fecundidade abaixo do nível de reposição. O Amapá e Acre ainda são os estados que apresentam as maiores taxas de fecundidade da região. Verificamos que a educação possui uma relação direta com os níveis de fecundidade das mulheres residentes na região Norte. A escolaridade, além de possibilitar a mulher maior chance de melhorar suas condições sociais e econômicas, é também um fator determinante dos níveis de fecundidade. O comportamento da fecundidade de acordo com o rendimento familiar indica que há uma tendência da fecundidade elevada se manifestar nas famílias com rendimento mensal inferior a 1 Salário-Mínimo. Espera-se que esse trabalho apresente subsídios para a aplicação de programas e políticas públicas eficazes que garantam os direitos reprodutivos e acesso à saúde reprodutiva para o conjunto da população nortista.

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