Habilitationsschrift--Munich, 1971. / Includes bibliographical references and indexes.

Habilitationsschrift--Munich, 1971. / Includes bibliographical references and indexes.

Thesis (doctoral)--Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 1997. / Includes bibliographical references (p. [199]-222).

Thesis (doctoral)--Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 1997. / Includes bibliographical references (p. [199]-222).

In the 1930s and 1940s, different social welfare models were at the disposal of policy-makers of non-democratic countries. However, although social security models were being debated and advocated by experts and policy-makers, the non-democratic regimes of Latin America and Southern Europe only set up limited social insurance schemes aimed at protecting particular groups of people, resulting in very fragmented management systems. Neither the welfare state literature, nor the research on non-democratic regimes, have attempted to explain why non-democratic regimes failed to set up comprehensive social security systems. Drawing on so-far unknown primary sources, this thesis examines the development of Social Insurance Schemes in Franco's Spain between 1936 and 1950. It studies the policy processes that led to the passing of each social insurance scheme and the evolution of the institution in charge of the social insurance system, the Instituto Nacional de Prevision (INP). By using a framework for the analysis of the policy-making process in non-democratic regimes, this thesis will show how political institutions of the Francoist regime shaped the resources of those actors (mainly Falangists and Social Catholics) involved in the power struggle for the control of the social insurance system. These institutions were: 1) the ministerial decrees and orders as the methods of passing legislation, 2) the bypassing of the Council of Ministers, 3) the absence of regulations within the Ministry of Labour, 4) the marginalisation of the Council of State and 5) the lack of formal procedures to resolve jurisdictional conflicts, and 6) the possibility ministers had to pass regulations. These permitted Falangist Labour Minister Girón de Velasco to manoeuvre to achieve Falange's goals at the time the party was being put at the service of the state. The National Office of Syndicates competed with the INP for control of the social insurance system. The result was a highly complex and fragmented system of overlapping schemes provided by several organisations rather than a comprehensive social insurance scheme.

This thesis analyses the commercial relations between Scotland and the geo-political area known as the Iberian world in the early modern period. Despite being geographically one of the largest areas of Europe, as well as arguably the politically most weighty, there has, until this thesis, been no scholarly research on Scottish trade relations with this area. Though the archives suggest regular and sustained contact, very little is known about Scottish-Iberian connections beyond the overtly political. When compared to northern Europe the region of Iberia and its dominions differed significantly, not only due to a different branch of Christianity being practised there but also due to the influence of the Habsburg empire and the power it was perceived to give the Spanish Habsburgs. Looking predominantly at Scottish commercial contacts with Spain, the Spanish Netherlands and Portugal, this project considers a number of angles such as England's impact on Scottish commercial relations with Iberia. For example, very little would be known about Scottish commercial relations with Iberia in the late-sixteenth century if it were not for the Anglo-Spanish war of that period. The central role of conflict in Scottish-Iberian relations continues into the seventeenth century, with the Cromwellian/Stuart struggles with the Dutch Republic and later disputes between the new state of Great Britain and Habsburg Spain all affecting trade. This thesis demonstrates the important role of triangular and entrepôt trade, which was popular with Scottish merchants who wished to obtain Iberian goods without the risks of sailing into North African corsair territory. Scots did not merely pick up Iberian goods from the entrepôt markets of London and the Dutch Republic they also organised trade to Iberia and its dominions via other Scots, providing evidence of a complex trade network. Further, this thesis has sought to ascertain that, despite the lack of a large Scottish community such as those seen in Poland-Lithuania and Scandinavia, Scottish commercial relations with Iberia were valuable both to the Scottish economy and its merchants. This thesis which continues the work of the Scotland and the Wider World Project, addresses a lack of scholarly work regarding Scottish commercial connections with this key geo-political area.

This paper discusses the development of an energy systems model for the southern countries of Europe. More precisely, for three main actors of the South of the European Union: Spain, Italy and Portugal. The three of them are currently facing economic difficulties due to the world financial crisis. To satisfy their energy demand at the less cost-effective price and following the EU policies in terms of greenhouse emissions requires a deep analysis of the current situation and an accurate forecast for the upcoming years. There are several EU (EU 20/20/20, treaty of Lisbon and EU ETS) and UN (Kyoto Protocol) policies that are taken into account in the model to build the most realistic scenarios that can happen in the three countries in the following years. This paper is based on the electricity consumption coming from the residential, industrial and commercial sectors. The model is developed in the open source program OSINDA (OSeMOSYS with INterface and DAtabase). It considers different possible scenarios for the three countries from 2010 to 2050 and asses the paths to follow in terms of infrastructure investments for the upcoming years. The baseline scenario takes into account the current taxes in CO2 emissions, the current capital, fixed and variable costs and the prices of the imports of fossil fuels. Then, there are plausible futures that analyze different possible scenarios (with the normal uncertainty of the future). The source code and modelling data is publicly available under the intellectual protection of Creative Commons®.

in English The master thesis is concerned with the analysis and interpretation of English written travelogues of the second half of the 18th century, which described Spain and Portugal. I work with two original texts and one translation from Italian, all texts were popular among their readers. The main goal of the thesis is to create the complex image of both respective countries and their inhabitants, based on the analysis of travelogues. As the fundamental concept of the thesis, I use so-called Black Legend, the negative view of the Iberian Peninsula originating in the 16th century. At the same time, the aim of the thesis is to compare the images in all works and come to more general conclusions about English perception of Spain and Portugal. Keywords: Spain, Portugal, travelogues, image of the Other, Black Legend, Southey, Baretti, Young

in English The master thesis is concerned with the analysis and interpretation of English written travelogues of the second half of the 18th century, which described Spain and Portugal. I work with two original texts and one translation from Italian, all the texts which were popular among their readers. The main goal of the thesis is to create the complex image of both respective countries and their inhabitants, based on the analysis of travelogues. During the analysis, I use the concept of stereotype as defined by Walther Lippmann. I also use so-called Black Legend, the negative view of the Iberian Peninsula originating in the 16th century. At the same time, the aim of the thesis is to compare the images in all works and come to more general conclusions about English perception of Spain and Portugal. Keywords: Spain, Portugal, travelogues, image of the Other, Black Legend, Southey, Baretti, Young

Cette étude prétend analyser et apporter une meilleure connaissance du processus de coopération territoriale dans deux régions contigües de la frontière luso-espagnole, la Beira Interior Norte et la Province de Salamanque (BIN/SAL), pour in fine mesurer l’impact réel du programme communautaire INTERREG - A pour le développement socio-économique et territorial et la redynamisation de ces régions. La cohésion de l’Espace Européen constitue un leitmotiv impliquant différentes actions pour le rattrapage du retard accumulé de quelques régions frontalières. L’appréhension d’un territoire transfrontalier et la valorisation de ses caractéristiques communes, supposent une connaissance des ressources, une réduction de l’effet-barrière et une coopération des plus accrues. Nous verrons dans quelle mesure et jusqu’à quelle limite, la BIN/SAL s’insère dans cette problématique transfrontalière. Le PIC INTERREG sera analysé à travers les projets et financements développés au long des différentes périodes de programmation. Les deux régions, qui présentent un fort caractère périphérique, seront mises en avant par le biais d’un schéma analytique multidisciplinaire et multiscalaire. Il s’agira somme toute, de confronter les apports de la coopération territoriale à la cohésion des deux régions, et d’identifier les obstacles récurrents qui entretiennent ces territoires dans une déréliction pérenne et alarmante, pour finalement proposer quelques hypothèses de développement. / The aim of this study is to analyse the territorial cooperation process in two contiguous regions of the luso-spanish border, Beira Interior Norte and the Province of Salamanca (BIN/SAL), and to measure in fine the INTERREG - A community program’s real impact on the socioeconomic and territorial development of these regions. The cohesion of the European space constitutes a leitmotiv involving different actions that aim at the reduction of the gap between border regions. The awareness of a cross-border territory and the appreciation of its common characteristics imply knowledge on the available resources, reduction of the barrier-effect and better cooperation. In this study, we will see to what extent, the BIN/SAL region fits into this cross-border problem. In this study, the different stages of the CIP INTERREG - A are analysed. Both regions, present a strong peripheral character and will be studied according to a multidisciplinary and multiscalar analytical plan. Lastly, the contributions of the territorial cooperation for cohesion between both regions will be discussed, as well the identification of recurring obstacles responsible for territorial long-lasting and alarming dereliction, in order to propose some hypotheses of development.