Ce mémoire a pour but de définir en quoi les photos-performances de l'artiste new-yorkais Spencer Tunick, réalisées entre 1994 et 2001, sont transgressives autant au plan de leur processus de production que de leur réception par des spectateurs. C'est pourquoi nous décrivons et analysons dans ce mémoire le mode de production des oeuvres du photographe mais aussi le type d'iconographie qui traverse toutes ses images. Cette iconographie du nu se modalise chez Tunick, de façon singulière et transgressive, et nous désirons ici comprendre par quelles modalités énonciatives ce caractère transgressif trouve à s'instaurer. C'est pourquoi il faut situer l'oeuvre de Tunick dans l'histoire du nu aussi bien en peinture qu'en photographie. Nous nous penchons ensuite sur la question de la charge sexuelle des représentations de nus photographiques, en convoquant le philosophe Georges Bataille, puis à l'aide de la sociologie de l'art telle que pratiquée par Nathalie Heinich pour discuter du nu transgressif chez Tunick. Il nous apparaît que les images de Tunick instaurent aussi une importante confrontation entre l'identité subjective et l'identité collective. Nous nous penchons donc sur les concepts de subjectivité et d'intersubjectivité pour mieux analyser comment, dans ces images, l'intimité et l'intégrité des individus se trouvent bousculées, voire transgressées elles aussi. Le modèle anthropologique d'Edward T. Hall nous aide ici à analyser cette dynamique présente dans l'oeuvre de Tunick. Nous avons également recours au concept de la raison instrumentale présentée par le philosophe Charles Taylor ainsi qu'à celui d'individualisme contemporain chez Gilles Lipovetsky pour analyser les oeuvres de Tunick. Ainsi Tunick organise une vaste rencontre entre des individus qui ne se connaissent pas et à qui il demande de se dénuder. Il les prend ensuite en photo. Ce programme singulier rend les sujets à la fois vulnérables et réceptifs car cette nudité et cette grande proximité les forcent à prendre conscience de la famille humaine à laquelle ils appartiennent, et ce, malgré les différences physiques, psychologiques, culturelles et sociales. ______________________________________________________________________________ MOTS-CLÉS DE L’AUTEUR : Transgression, Nudité, Photographie, Performance, Identité.

<p>The European Union (EU) is built on the principle of freedom of establishment, meaning that companies have the possibility to establish themselves as a company or by setting up a secondary establishment in other Member States. This right has been confirmed by the European Court of Justice through case law.</p><p>A basic feature in domestic tax legislation is that losses are allowed to be set off against profits when calculating the tax liability of a company. At the moment cross-border loss compensation within the EU is restricted, unfeasible or just accepted on a temporary basis. This lack of recognition of loss-offset gives the fact that double taxation may occur and claims form two or more national tax systems leads to uncertainty in the way a company will be taxed. Depending on whether the secondary establishment is a subsidiary or a branch, the rules relating to loss compensation differs.</p><p>Taxation of secondary establishments is based on the principle of whether or not they are considered as a resident or a non-resident of the state. In regards to taxation of secondary establishments, the PE is considered to be a non-resident and a subsidiary considered to be a resident. However, the European Court of Justice approach of non discriminatory treatment and equal treatment that has been developed and seen in the history of case law leads to the question if the Marks & Spencer ruling that concerned secondary establishments in form of subsidiaries can be applied to permanent establishments.</p><p>The most vital difference between a subsidiary and a permanent establishment is connected to the taxation of the two. The subsidiary is considered to become a resident of the establishing state while the permanent establishment is seen as a non-resident. This legal difference between the two leads to different treatment under tax law. Taxation under a tax treaty leads to the situation where one of the contracting states will either credit or exempt the income deriving from the permanent establishment. Permanent establishments are often taxed under the method of exemption.</p><p>In the Marks & Spencer case it was held that losses and profits were two sides of the same coin. Applying this statement to permanent establishments gives the notion that if a contracting state exempts an income, there will be a set off of the symmetry of having losses and profits within the same tax system. This lead to the fact that if applying the Marks & Spencer ruling on permanent establishments that are taxed under the exemption method, allowing terminal losses to be taken into account at the head office will set off the symmetry. Therefore it can be considered as the Marks & Spencer ruling shall not apply to permanent establishments.</p>

<p>Ekonomiska nackdelar som uppstår till följd av att en verksamhet bedrivs genom flera självständiga dotterbolag istället för under ett bolag med flera driftställen avhjälps normalt med lagregler om koncernbidrag. Dessa regler är emellertid endast tillämplig på nationella koncerner, dvs. koncerner där samtliga bolag har säte i ett och samma land. Problem uppstår emellertid när de olika dotterbolagen är belägna i olika länder. Denna uppsats behandlar problematiken kring gränsöverskridande förlustutjämningar inom EU. Grunden för uppsatsen är det kontroversiella målet Marks & Spencer där frågan om gränsöverskridande förlustavdrag ställdes på sin spets. Målet fick stor betydelse för rättsutvecklingen i såväl Sverige som övriga Europa.</p>

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Includes glossary of notation and glossary of terms. / Bibliography: p. 297-311. / xvii, 330 p. : ill., maps ; 30 cm. / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / This thesis reports the development, testing and application of computer programs for simulating dispersion in coastal seas, with particular application to larvae of the western king prawn (Pencieus latisulcatus) in Spencer Gulf, South Australia. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Applied Mathematics, 1996?

Bibliography: leaves 238-247 / xvii, 247 leaves : ill ; 30 cm. / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Applied Mathematics,1991

Bibliography: leaves 363-374 / xxiii, 374 leaves : ill., maps ; 30 cm. / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Applied Mathematics, 1993

2 v. ; 30 cm. / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / Thesis (Ph.D.) University of Adelaide, Dept. of History, 1980

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Chicago, Department of English Language and Literature, December 2002. / Includes bibliographical references. Also available on the Internet.

Pittite politics between the premierships of Pitt and Liverpool has been overshadowed by those long eras of government and by the concurrent Napoleonic Wars. This has particularly caused the neglect of one leading Pittite, the prime minister Spencer Perceval, which is especially surprising given recent scholarly interest in the role of religion in politics and in conservative ideas. He is known either as the 'assassinated Prime Minister', or stereotyped as the 'Evangelical Prime Minister'. This thesis contends that Perceval was a significant, if sometimes unusual, figure in Pittite politics in 1807-12, that this era saw important policies pursued in areas such as church reform, and that Perceval is better understood as an 'Anglican Prime Minister' dedicated to upholding the established Church. Recovering Perceval helps us better understand the Pittites in general. He operated amongst a circle of like-minded politicians who supported church reform and opposed Catholic Emancipation. Each chapter duly recovers a topic which demonstrates the continuities between war-time and peace-time Pittite policies, underpinning the thesis's argument that post-1815 policies need to be understood in relation to the war-time experiences and actions of this generation of Pittites. These arguments are advanced through five chapters. The first chapter shows how Perceval's theological beliefs, contemporary descriptions, and his church patronage emphasise his transcendent Anglicanism. The second chapter stresses Perceval's and his coterie's role in strengthening and expanding the established Churches in England and Ireland. The third chapter highlights the twin importance of theological beliefs and the necessity of upholding the established Church in shaping Perceval's attitude towards Catholics, tithes, and nonconformists. The fourth chapter highlights the pragmatic approach the Pittites took to economic questions, and contrasts Perceval with the later 'liberal Tories' Canning and Huskisson. The fifth chapter illuminates Pittite policies that promoted Christianity in India and suppressed the slave trade.