Thesis (doctoral)--München, 1983.

Hintergrund: Die pulmonale elektrische Impedanztomographie (EIT) stellt die regionale Ventilation der Lunge dar. Ziel dieser Studie war es, die postoperative Umverteilung der regionalen Ventilation nach lungenchirurgischen Eingriffen in Abhängigkeit von der Operationsseite und deren Zusammenhang mit der forcierten Vitalkapazität zu untersuchen. Methoden: In dieser Beobachtungsstudie wurden Patienten untersucht, die sich rechts- und linksseitig offenen und videothorakoskopischen Eingriffen unterzogen. Es wurden Messungen mit EIT und Spirometrie durchgeführt. Jeweils 13 links- und 13 rechtsseitig operierte erwachsene Patienten, wurden präoperativ, sowie am dritten postoperativen Tag untersucht. Der Center of Ventilation (COV) innerhalb einer 32 x 32 Matrix wurde aus den EIT-Daten berechnet. COVx (links/rechts) wurde zu COVx' (ipsilateral/kontralateral) mit invertiertem Vektor der perioperativen Veränderung bei rechtsseitiger Operation modifiziert, um den Effekt der Zeit und der Seite der Operation in beiden Gruppen mit Two-way ANOVA für wiederholte Messungen zu testen. Ergebnisse: Die perioperative Verschiebung von COVx' war abhängig von der Operationsseite (p=0,007) und war um -1,97 Matrixpunkte (p<0,001) bei rechtsseitiger und -0,61 Matrixpunkte (p=0,425) bei linksseitiger Operation von der Operationsseite weg gerichtet. Die forcierte Vitalkapazität (%vom Soll) verringerte sich von 94 (83-109) % [Median (Perzentile)] (linksseitig) und 89 (80-97) % (rechtsseitig) auf 61 (59-66) % bzw. 62 (40-72) % (p<0,05) und korrelierte mit COVx' für beide Gruppen. Schlussfolgerung: Nur nach rechtsseitiger Lungenoperation konnte die EIT eine reduzierte Ventilation auf der Seite der Operation zeigen, während die Vitalkapazität in beiden Gruppen deutlich reduziert war. / Background: Pulmonary electric impedance tomography (EIT) shows the regional ventilation of the lung. The aim of this study was to examine postoperative redistribution of the regional ventilation after lung surgery dependent on the side of surgery and its association with forced vital capacity. Methods: This observational study investigated patients undergoing right and left sided open and video-thoracoscopic procedures. Measurements with EIT and spirometry were performed. Thirteen patients for each side of surgery with measurements at the preoperative and at the third postoperative day were recruited. The center of ventilation (COV) within a 32 x 32 matrix was calculated from the EIT data. COVx (left/right) was modified to COVx’ (ipsilateral/contralateral) with inverted vector of perioperative change in right sided surgery to enable testing the effect of time and side of surgery in both groups with Two-way ANOVA for repeated measurements. Results: The perioperative shift of COVx’ was dependent on the side of surgery (p=0.007) and was directed away from the side of surgery by -1.97 matrix points (p<0.001) in right sided and -0.61 matrix points (p=0.425) in left sided surgery. The forced vital capacity (%predicted) diminished from 94 (83–109) % [median (percentiles)] (left sided) and 89 (80–97) % (right sided surgery) to 61 (59–66) % and 62 (40–72) % (p<0.05), respectively and was correlated with COVx’ for both groups. Conclusion: Only after right sided lung surgery EIT was able to show reduced ventilation on the side of surgery while vital capacity was markedly reduced in both groups.

1 Abstract Title: Effect of sitting posture on different seats on respiratory function while using a smartphone Objectives: The purpose of this thesis is to investigate respiratory function in sitting posture while using a smartphone. Another objective is to compare the values of monitored parametres and to determine which of the 3 performed experiments exhibite the greatest decreases in respiratory parametres. The last aim is to confirm the difference between female and male values and to show that men have higher values of monitored respiratory parameters and the greater decrease of respiratory function than women. Methods: 20 healthy young volunteers were recruited (10 women, 10 men). The experiment was carried out on three different types of seats - office chair, armchair and gymball. Participants spent time using a smartphone for one hour. To investigate changes in respiratory function, we measured FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC a PEF before and after each experiment was completed. Values were processed in MS Excel. Pair t-test and Wilcoxon test were used to evaluate the effect of sitting posture on respiratory function (p < 0,05) A two-sample t-test was used to determine a statistically significant difference in values in men and women, as well as in decrease of respiratory function in men and women. (p < 0,05)....

Title: Physiotherapy as part of multidisciplinary care for patients following a lung transplant operation Objective: To evaluate the mobility of patients in the first days after lung transplantation. To compare the quality of life according to Karnofsky index and Jones dyspnea index. To relate spirometric values FVC and FEV1 of patients in the period prior to lung transplantation with the values in the first year after lung transplantation. Check the link between the development of quality of life and development of spirometric values. Methods: It is a pilot study, which was attended by 18 probands (13 men and 5 women), aged between 14 and 68 years. The data were collected on regular intervals using questionnaires on quality of life (Karnofsky index and Jones dyspnea index) and spirometric examinations taking place at the Motol University Hospital. The data were statistically analyzed using MS EXCEL, mostly using correlations and pair T - test. Results: Results showed substantial changes in the level of significance of p <0,01 both in the development of the quality of life, and in the development of spirometric values compared during the first year after lung transplantation with values before the transpantion. Another important result was the negative effect of a prolonged stay at intensive care...

Title: Effect of physiotherapy in respiratory diseases during healing stays Objective: The main objective of this work is to analyze the importance of physiotherapy as one of the treatments used in the care of pediatric patients with bronchial asthma. Method: In the theoretic part of the dissertation anatomy and physiology of the respiratory tract, respiratory biomechanics, problems of asthma bronchiale, possibilities of asthma treatment, prevention and improvement of quality of life in children with respiratory difficulties under physiotherapy are discussed. The practical part is made as a pilot experimental study of influence of various physiotherapy unit length on patiens respiratory parameters. For monitoring of changes in respiratory displays standardized spirometry measurement was provided supplemented by electronic stethoscope examination. Results: The positive effect of respiratory and movement physiotherapy in children with asthma bronchiale was demonstrated. Further the optimal length of one therapeutic unit in the interval between 10 and 30 minutes was defined. Key words: Asthma bronchiale, spirometry, respiratory physiotherapy, school age

The present work aims to answer questions regarding lung function among students of two types of grammar schools and describe selected indicators of differences between different groups of students within a reference population. The starting point for this work was speculation that the obligations defined by seconadary education in the ordinary type of school may significantly affect the students of the same age group and same Framework educational program for intensive regime of movement, breathing function. Is it possible that the secondary school educational program could affect the degree of respiratory function of students, for example by having less time and not having time for regular exercise? Are students of common type of grammar school physically less active than their peers from sports-oriented type of school? What are lung volumes of today's teens and how much do they differ from the current standards? The selection of respondents was elected from the students of sport-oriented grammar school and the common type of secondary school students. A total of 196 students participated in the study. Students were measured by spirometry lung capacity and function through painstaking cast in relation to strenuous breath. I have found that ordinary secondary school students have a positive...

The aim of this diploma thesis is to analyze three several-month concentration of a long-distance runner at higher altitude. Specifically, we compared the results of the measured values before staying in zones of high altitude and after arrival from high altitude. The tested individual was housed in Kenya in the town of Iten, located at 2,400 meters above sea level. To elaborate this thesis, we used the method of content analysis and the comparative method. To obtain the results, we used laboratory tests spiroergometry, spirometry, body composition and Wingate test. Then, the data was processed using material significance. The material significance was defined using Cohen's d. Our results showed an increase in red blood cells, an increase in VO2max, a reduction in heart rate, a reduction in morning heart rate. From these results, it is clear that alpine training has a positive effect on the performance of the athlete.

The aim of the study was to compose and realize physiotherapeutic program for children with congenital heart disease to improve their postural-respirational function and to assess the influence of this program on cardiopulmonary functions of the patients. Our group had five patients with mean age of 15,6 years. Each of them underwent initial examination of the motor system, spirometry and spiroergometric exercise test. Physiotherapeutic program consisted of 8 individual therapies and home-based exercise. Therapy was composed from manual techniques, exercise according to Dynamic neuromuscular stabilisation concept and exercise with inspiratory trainer and improvised PEP system. The final examination was performed in the same manner as the initial one. We compared the results of both examinations, but we found no significant improvement after the physiotherapeutic program.

This work presents spirometric measurements on a group of volunteers. First of all the physiology of respiration is explained. Further the theory necessary for measurement and analysis of respiration parameters is mentioned. A separate chapter contains information about ventilation disorders with focus on obstructive diseases. The measurement methodology is described in the analysis section. The program developed for automatic spirometric signal analysis is described in the next section. Parameters obtained from the program are statistically analysed and compared for physiological and obstructive state. Changes, which the individual parameters represent in relation to the simulated obstruction, are discussed. The appendix section contains a report to be used for laboratory lessons together with the developed program.

Title: Comparison of performance of pediatric patients with diagnosis of cystic fibrosis before and after a lung transplantation. Objectives: To compare selected parameters of pediatric patients as an index of physical condition in time before and 1 year after transplantation. To compare a group of patients that undergone longtherm intensive physiotherapeutic treatment before transplantation with group of patients that did not using spirometric parameters FVC, FEV1 and BMI. To compare subjective signs of dyspnea between these groups using selected questionnaires. Methods: This theses was attended by 15 probands (7 boys and 8 girls) in age between 12 and 18 years. The data were collected by using selected dyspnea questionares and by using hospital documentation files taking place at the Motol University Hospital. The data were statistically analysed using Jamovi programme, mostly using correlations and paired T- test, and graphically analysed by using MS Excel programme. Results: We found changes of spirometric parameters in the level of significance of p < 0,001 (FEV1) and p = 0,003 (FVC) after transplantation in comparison with time before transplantation. Group that undergone longtherm intensive physiotherapeutic treatment before lung transplantation showed more physiological spirometric values...