[pt] Este trabalho tem como objetivo principal a aplicação do método híbrido dos elementos de contorno a problemas da mecânica da fratura linearmente elástica. São apresentados os desenvolvimentos de várias formulações e os principais aspectos das implementações computacionais referentes a cada uma delas. A consistência mecânica do método híbrido dos elementos de contorno facilita sobremaneira a compreensão dos diversos fatores envolvidos em sua aplicação à mecânica da fratura. Isto ocorre porque o apelo físico do método garante a interpretação adequada dos problemas presentes na análise dos mais diversos fenômenos da mecânica do contínuo. A contribuição mais relevante deste trabalho consiste na determinação de maneira rápida e direta do fator de intensidade de tensão em estruturas bidimensionais da elasticidade plana. Os efeitos de abertura e deslizamento das faces da trinca são considerados a partir da introdução de uma solução fundamental hipersingular, cujo entendimento físico é facilitado devido à consistência variacional do método híbrido. É proposta a utilização de uma função de Green, referente à série de Williams, nos nós do modelo estrutural correspondentes às pontas das trincas. Esta sistemática introduz os fatores de intensidade de tensão, modos I e II, como incógnitas do problema, sendo obtidos a partir da resolução do sistema de equações provenientes do método. Durante todo o desenvolvimento, são mostrados vários exemplos que validam e comprovam a aplicabilidade das formulações propostas, demonstrando a potencialidade do método quando aplicado à mecânica da fratura. / [en] Aim of this work is the application of the hybrid boundary element method to problems of the linear elastic fracture mechanics. Several formulations are introduced and the most relevant aspects of computational implementation are discussed. The mechanical consistency of the hybrid boundary element method enables the adequate mathematical description of the stress field related to a cracked continuum. The main attempt of this dissertation is to develop a computationally simples and fast procedure for the determination of stress intensity factors in two- dimensional elasticity. The effects of opening and sliding of the crack surfaces are considered by means of a hipersingular stress function, which are dealt with adequately in the frame of the variational formulation. It is shown that the stress series proposed by Williams for the local field around a crack tip may be considered as a Green´s function. As a consequence, the stress intensity factors corresponding to both Modes I and II are obtained as primary unknowns of the problem. Several numerical examples are presented in order top validate the formulations proposed. This shows the potentiality of the hybrid boundary element method for dealing with problems of the fracture mechanics. / [es] Este trabajo tiene como objetivo principal la aplicación del método híbrido de los elementos de contorno a problemas de mecánica de fracturas linealmente elásticas. Se describen varias formulaciones y los principales aspectos de su implementación computacional. La consistencia mecánica del método híbrido de los elementos de contorno facilita la comprensión de los diversos factores involucrados en su aplicación a la mecánica de fracturas. Esto ocurre porque el caracter físico del método garantiza la interpretación adecuada de los problemas que se presentan en el análisis de los más diversos fenómenos de la mecánica del contínuo. La contribuición más relevante de este trabajo consiste en la determinación de manera rápida y directa del factor de intensidad de tensión en extructuras bidimensionales de elasticidad plana. Son considerados los efectos de abertura y deslizamiento de las caras de la trinca a partir de la introducción de una solución fundamental hipersingular, cuya comprensión física se facilita debido a la consistencia variacional del método híbrido. Se propone la utilización de una función de Green, de la serie de Williams, en los nodos del modelo extructural correspondiente a las puntas de las trincas. Esta sistemática introduce los factores de intensidad de tensión, modos I y II, como incógnitas del problema, y se obtienen a partir de la resolución del sistema de ecuaciones provenientes del método. Durante todo el desarrollo, se muestran varios ejemplos que evalúan y comprueban la aplicabilidad de las formulaciones propuestas, demostrando la potencialidad del método cuando se aplica a la mecánica de fracturas.

The main target is to design and asses the steel structure of a administartive multi-storey building. The steel structure is T shaped, with 30m span and 42m length. An analysis of two solutions of the supporting structure was performed. The first variant is consists of rigid bracing system. Trusses bracing in the second variant is an alternative solution. Both variants were compared and the amount of steel was found. The selected option was developed in greater details with static calculation, drawings and material report of steel.

The diploma thesis deal with design of a technological building in Ostrava serving for the sorting of slag to enagle its sequential use. Geometry of the structure was customized to technological requests. Static system was considered in two versions – joint connections with vertical bracing and omni-directional frame. For detail processing was chosen the joint one, besause it showed up as more advantageous. Static calculation was performed by Scia Engineer 14 software, then some typical connections and drawings were manually designed.

The master thesis focuses on the design of a Load-carrying steel structure of railway bridge with bottom steel deck of the span of 28 + 45 + 23 m. The bridge is situated in the municipality of Třebestovice. Four variants of solution have been calculated. Two variants are made by plate main beams of variable profile, the next alternative was made by truss structure and the fourth variant consist of a combination of plate main beams with truss stiffener in the middle span. The most optimal solution was processed in detail. The calculations were done in compliance with valid ČSN EN norms.

The subject of my diploma thesis is to design and assess a multipurpose sports hall in the area of Brno-Bystrc. The shape of the hall is rectangular with dimensions 45 m × 48 m. The roof is designed from an arched truss. The height of the construction is 18 m. Part of the thesis is a technical report which contains details of construction, list of used materials, production and maintenance method. The work also includes the static calculation of supporting elements and joints and the graphical documentation. The valid CSN EN technical standards were used for the design and assessment.

The aim of the diploma thesis was to make a structural design of steel-load-carrying structure of steel lookout tower, in the grounds of domestic brewery in Humpolec. Lookout tower will be part of newly built centre for customers of the brewery. The layout and shape of the load-carrying structure of steel lookout tower follow the brewery chimney with height of 32.7 m with circular ground plan and outside diameter of 3.5 m in the heel and 2.3 m at the top. The chimney is independent of the construction of the lookout tower. The ground plan and dimensions of the lookout tower were considered taking into account the required spacing of the structure from adjacent buildings and ensuring sufficient dimensions for the required passage between the future lookout tower and the existing building of the boiler room. RFEM was used for calculation internal forces and assessment on individual structural elements, according to the valid Eurocodes.

The subject of this diploma thesis is desigh and assessment of steel structure industrial building. This hall has two bays. The width of the main bay is 30 metres, the width of the second bay is 15 metres. The length of building is 90 metres. Load-bearing system is created of three fixed columns with pin-supported truss beams between. Construction of roof is designed as truss purlin system. There is a bridge crane of 32 tons capacity. The building is situated in area of Uherské Hradiště.

This diploma thesis deals with the design and assessment of the steel structure of the administrative building. The building is situated in Svitavy. The construction has several floors, the ground plan is L-shaped. Other floors have a rectangular ground plan. The external ground plan dimensions of the building are 55.2 m × 72 m. The building has terraces and three height levels occupied. At the first height level the building reaches 5 floors, the other 7 floors and the top 9 floors. the main material will be S235 steel on the construction.

The object of this thesis is to design and assess the roofing of concrete terraces on stadium Za Lužánkami in Brno. Rectangular plan of steel structure is 100x25 m. The main Girders are 5 m apart and are pin-supported. Girders are placed on concrete footings and supported by center columns. Roof cladding is connected with hot-rolled purlins. Two construction variants were designed and assessed. Variant A, where the main girders are made of welded beams (I shaped) and variant B, where the main girders are made of truss. Variant B was chosen as better option for this structure.

The main aim of my master´s thesis was to design a load-bearing steel structure of the lookout tower situated in Brno-Kohoutovice. The height of the load-bearing structure is 35.5 m. My design comprises two different engineering solutions. Solution A is a lattice space frame whereas Solution B works with continuous columns with vertical bracing. For further development, Solution A has been chosen. The proposed structural material is the S355 steel. My thesis includes an engineering report, a statics analysis and drawing documentation.