Este ensaio clínico randomizado multicêntrico avaliou a efetividade de um tratamento alternativo em lesões de cárie profundas comparado ao tratamento expectante (TE) após três anos de acompanhamento. O tratamento alternativo consistiu na remoção parcial de tecido cariado (RPTC) seguida de restauração em uma sessão. Métodos: Os critérios de inclusão foram: pacientes com molares permanentes apresentando lesões profundas de cárie (lesão alcançando metade interna de dentina ao exame radiográfico); resposta positiva ao teste térmico; ausência de dor espontânea; sensibilidade negativa à percussão vertical e ausência de lesão periapical detectada no exame radiográfico. Dentes elegíveis para participação no estudo foram randomicamente designados ao grupo teste (RPTC) e receberam remoção incompleta de tecido cariado e restauração em uma sessão (resina ou amálgama). Dentes designados ao grupo controle (TE) receberam capeamento pulpar indireto com cimento de hidróxido de cálcio e restauração temporária com cimento de óxido de zinco e eugenol modificado. Após 60 dias, as cavidades foram reabertas, o tecido cariado remanescente foi removido e os dentes foram restaurados com resina composta ou amálgama. O desfecho avaliado foi a vitalidade pulpar, determinada por sensibilidade ao teste térmico e ausência de alteração periapical ao exame radiográfico. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de sobrevivência (Kaplan Meier), teste Log Rank e análise de regressão de Cox. Resultados: Foram executados 299 tratamentos, sendo 152 RPTC e 147 TE, em pacientes com idade variando entre seis a 53 anos. Até o terceiro ano de seguimento, 209 dentes foram avaliados. Foram observadas taxas de sucesso de 94% para o grupo RPTC e de 78% para o TE (p<0,000). As razões de falha foram: pulpite (4) e necrose (1) no grupo RPTC, e pulpite (11), necrose (5) exposição pulpar seguida de tratamento endodôntico (2), osteíte (1), exodontia (1) e fratura do dente (1) no grupo TE. Variáveis associadas com sucesso do tratamento foram o tipo de tratamento (RPTC) e número de superfícies envolvidas na restauração – uma superfície mais favorável do que duas ou mais superfícies. Os resultados sugerem que não há necessidade de reabrir a cavidade e realizar uma segunda escavação de tecido cariado para preservar a vitalidade pulpar. / This randomized multicenter clinical trial evaluated the effectiveness of an alternative treatment on deep caries lesion’s compared to stepwise excavation (SW) after three years follow up. Treatment consisted on partial caries removal (PDR) followed by tooth’s restoration in one session. Methods: Inclusion criteria were: patients with permanent molars presenting deep carious lesions (lesion reaching inner half dentin on the radiographic examination); positive response to cold test; absence of spontaneous pain; negative sensitivity to percussion and absence of periapical lesion detected on radiographic exam. Teeth randomly assigned to PDR (test) received incomplete caries removal and filling in one session (resin or amalgam). Teeth assigned to SW (control) received indirect pulp capping with calcium hydroxide cement, temporary filling with a modified zinc oxide-eugenol cement. After 60 days the cavity was reopened, the remaining decayed dentine was removed and teeth were filled with composite resin or amalgam. Outcome evaluated was pulp vitality, determine by sensitivity to cold test and the absence of periapical alterations on radiographic exam. Data were submitted to Kaplan Meier, log rank test and Cox regression analysis. Results: At baseline, 299 treatments were executed, 152 PDR and 147 SW. At three years follow up, 209 teeth had been evaluated. A success rate of 94% for PDR and 78% for SW was demonstrated (p<0.000). Failure reasons were: pulpitis (4), pulp necrosis (1) for PDR group, and pulpitis (11), necrosis (5), pulp exposure followed by endodontic treatment (2), osteitis (1), tooth extraction (1) and tooth fracture (1) for SW. Variables associated with treatment success were type of treatment (PDR) and number of surfaces involved in the restoration – one surface more favorable than 2 or more surfaces. Results suggest that there is no need to reopen cavity and perform a second excavation to preserve pulp vitality.

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(医科学) / 甲第22699号 / 医科博第114号 / 新制||医科||8(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院医学研究科医科学専攻 / (主査)教授 影山 龍一郎, 教授 妻木 範行, 教授 長船 健二 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Medical Science / Kyoto University / DFAM

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / PURPOSE: To evaluate the fatigue failure load of distinct lithium disilicate restoration designs cemented on a chairside titanium-base (VariobaseTM for CEREC®, Straumann® LLC, USA) for restoring anterior implant restoration. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Left maxillary incisor restoration was virtually designed in 3 groups (n=10; CTD: lithium disilicate crowns cemented on custom-milled titanium abutments; VMLD: monolithic full-contour lithium disilicate crowns cemented on titanium-base; and VCLD: lithium disilicate crowns cemented on lithium disilicate customized anatomic structures then cemented on titanium-base). The titanium-base was air-abraded with aluminum oxide particles, 50 µm at 2 bars. Subsequently the titanium-base was steamed, air-dried and a thin coat of silane (Monobond Plus, Ivoclar Vivadent®, USA). All ceramic components were surface treated with hydrofluoric acid etching gel, follow by silanized, and bonded with resin cement (Multilink Automix, Ivoclar Vivadent®, USA). Specimens were fatigued at 20 Hz, starting with a load of 100 N (×5000 cycles), followed by stepwise loading up to 1400 N at a maximum of 30,000 cycles each. The failure loads, number of cycles, and fracture analysis were recorded. Data were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by pair-wise comparisons (p < 0.05). Kaplan-Meier survival plots and Weibull survival analyses were reported. RESULT: For catastrophic fatigue failure load and total number of cycles for failure, VMLD (1260 N, 175231 cycles) was significantly higher than VCLD (1080 N, 139965 cycles) and CDT (1000 N, 133185 cycles). VMLD had higher Weibull modulus (11.6), demonstrating higher structural reliability. CONCLUSIONS: VMLD performed the best fatigue behavior when compared with the two other groups.

This study examines the effects of expanding the classical P300 feature space on the classification performance of data collected from a P300 speller paradigm [Farwell LA, Donchin E. Talking off the top of your head: toward a mental prosthesis utilizing event-related brain potentials. Electroenceph Clin Neurophysiol 1988;70:510-23]. Using stepwise linear discriminant analysis (SWLDA) to construct a classifier, the effects of spatial channel selection, channel referencing, data decimation, and maximum number of model features are compared with the intent of establishing a baseline not only for the SWLDA classifier, but for related P300 speller classification methods in general. By supplementing the classical P300 recording locations with posterior locations, online classification performance of P300 speller responses can be significantly improved using SWLDA and the favorable parameters derived from the offline comparative analysis.

In the locomotion design space, artificial locomotion is most commonly used when navigating virtual spaces larger than the physical space provided. Some significant challenges to the use of artificial locomotion are however cybersickness and disorientation. Cybersickness is a phenomenon that creates discomfort for the user and is believed to be inflicted by continuous movement and its creation of vection. Contrarily, discrete locomotion interfaces like teleportation do not cause vection or cybersickness for the user. However, because of this, teleportation is unable to offer spatial updating, which is crucial for preventing disorientation. This thesis investigates an alternative to these interfaces that aims to combine their benefits while avoiding their drawbacks in an interface referred to as Stepwise teleportation that consist of short discrete translations, referred to as steps, in the direction chosen by the user. / <p>Examensarbetet är utfört vid Institutionen för teknik och naturvetenskap (ITN) vid Tekniska fakulteten, Linköpings universitet</p>

As automation in the financial service industry continues to advance, online investment advice has emerged as an exciting new field. Vital to the accuracy of such service is the determination of the individual investors’ ability to bear financial risk. To do so, the statistical method of logistic regression is used. The aim of this thesis is to identify factors which are significant in determining a financial risk profile of a retail investor. In other words, the study seeks to map out the relationship between several socioeconomic- and psychometric variables to develop a predictive model able to determine the risk profile. The analysis is based on survey data from respondents living in Sweden. The main findings are that variables such as income, consumption rate, experience of a financial bear market, and various psychometric variables are significant in determining a financial risk profile. / I samband med en ökad automatiseringstrend har digital investeringsrådgivning dykt upp som ett nytt fenomen. Av central betydelse är tjänstens förmåga att bedöma en investerares förmåga till att bära finansiell risk. Logistik regression tillämpas för att bedöma en icke- professionell investerares vilja att bära finansiell risk. Målet med uppsatsen är således att identifiera ett antal faktorer med signifikant förmåga till att bedöma en icke-professionell investerares riskprofil. Med andra ord, så syftar denna uppsats till att studera förmågan hos ett antal socioekonomiska- och psykometriska variabler. För att därigenom utveckla en prediktiv modell som kan skatta en individs finansiella riskprofil. Analysen genomförs med hjälp av en enkätstudie hos respondenter bosatta i Sverige. Den huvudsakliga slutsatsen är att en individs inkomst, konsumtionstakt, tidigare erfarenheter av abnorma marknadsförhållanden, och diverse psykometriska komponenter besitter en betydande förmåga till att avgöra en individs finansiella risktolerans

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This study used personal interviews with Turkish female grocery shoppers to determine their shopping behaviors and attitudes. The sample was divided into two groups: deliberate and nondeliberate shoppers. The two groups were then compared in terms of their sociodemographic characteristics, importance placed on patronage motives, purchase location of selected grocery products, and their attitudinal orientations. Results are outlined and implications discussed.

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No description available.