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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

The Stetter reaction : synthesis of complex spiro Bis-indanes and studies on quaternary centre formation

2012 September 1900 (has links)
This work covers recent advances in the Stetter reaction, including two novel domino Stetter reactions and preliminary studies on quaternary center formation via the intermolecular Stetter reaction. The N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) catalyzed domino Stetter-aldol-Michael dimerization of o-formyl chalcone derivatives 36 affords spiro bis-indane homo-dimers 38 in good yields and moderate to high diastereomeric ratios. Three carbon-carbon bonds, including the hindered quaternary center at the spiro ring junction, form at a remarkable rate under mild reaction conditions. Spiro bis-indanes 39 are also produced in moderate to good yields through the Stetter-aldol-aldol reactions of o-formyl chalcones 36 with phthalaldehyde derivatives 27. The scope, limitations, and potential applications of these remarkable complexity-generating domino reactions are discussed. Preliminary results in the formation of quaternary centers via the intermolecular Stetter reaction are also disclosed. The viability of β,β-disubstitued Meldrum’s acid, diethyl malonate, and malononitrile alkylidenes as well as diphenylcyclopropenone and 3-phenylcyclobutenone as acceptors in the Stetter reaction are discussed.
2

Conception et synthèse bioinspirées de nucléolipides pour l'élaboration de biomatériaux / Bioinspired design and synthesis of nucleolipids for biomaterials conception

Hamoud, Aladin 06 December 2018 (has links)
Les nucléolipides sont des molécules hybrides amphiphiles de faible poids moléculaire composées de deux parties liées de façon covalente : la première est un acide nucléique, un nucléotide, un nucléoside ou une nucléobase et la seconde un lipide. En combinant les propriétés physicochimiques de deux des biomolécules parmi les plus représentées dans le vivant, les nucléolipides présentent la capacité à former des auto-assemblages supramoléculaires d’intérêt pour la conception de biomatériaux. L'étude des capacités d’auto-assemblage des GlycoNucléoLipides, qui possèdent un lien aromatique de type triazole, a démontré que la nature du lien covalent qui unit les deux parties du nucléolipide a un effet déterminant sur l’assemblage. Ce travail a porté sur l'utilisation et le développement d'une réaction de Stetter, organocatalysée par des carbènes N-hétérocycliques et bioinspirée, pour obtenir un lien de type dicétone-1,4 entre la thymidine et différents lipides. Ce motif, précurseur de cycles hétéroaromatiques, a notamment conduit à la formation de liens de type pyrrole par une réaction de type Paal-Knorr. Les propriétés gélatrices de ces nucléolipides originaux ont été comparées à celles de ceux portant un motif triazole. Parmi les nucléolipides obtenus, un composé particulièrement lipophile, porteur du lien 1,4- dicétone, a montré la capacité de former un gel dans des huiles (soit un oléogel). Une étude structurepropriétés a été effectuée pour comprendre le rôle de chaque partie de la molécule. Ce type de formulation présentant un intérêt tout particulier pour le développement de systèmes de délivrance contrôlée de substances actives lipophiles, les propriétés physicochimiques de cet oléogel ont par ailleurs été étudiées. La réaction de Stetter présentant la plupart des caractéristiques d'une réaction dite de "chimie click", des conditions de réaction plus éco-compatibles et adaptées à la fonctionnalisation d’autres biomolécules ont ensuite été développées en milieu aqueux. / Nucleolipids are hybrid amphiphilic low molecular weight molecules composed of two parts covalently linked: the first one being a nucleic acid, a nucleotide, a nucleoside or a nucleobase and the second a lipid. Combining the physico-chemical properties of two of the most widespread biomolecules, nucleolipids are capable of self-assemble as supramolecular structures of interest for application in the field of biomaterials. The study of the self-assembling properties of GlycoNucleoLipids, bearing a triazole moiety as a linker, demonstrated the crucial influence of the nature of the covalent linker bringing together the two parts of the nucleolipid onto the self-assembly. In this work, the synthesis of nucleolipids bearing a 1,4-diketone linker between thymidine and various lipids via the bioinspired and N-Heterocyclic Carbene organocatalyzed Stetter reaction is described. As an heteroaromatic cycle precursor, this moiety led to the formation of pyrrole skeletons via the classical Paal-Knorr reaction. The gelating properties of these original nucleolipids were evaluated and compared with the ones bearing a triazole link. Among these original synthetic nucleolipids, a lipophilic compound bearing a 1,4-diketone link exhibited the ability to form gels in oils (i.e. oleogels). A structure-properties study was realized to understand the role of each part of the molecule. This type of formulation being of particular interest for the development of lipophilic drug delivery systems, the physico-chemical properties of the oleogel were also extensively studied. The Stetter reaction exhibiting most of the « click chemistry » characteristics, eco-friendly reaction conditions were developed in aqueous media and applied to other biomolecules conjugation.
3

Synthesis of Coupling Substrates for Use in a Highly Enantioselective Conjugated Triene Cyclization Enabled by a Chiral N-Heterocyclic Carbene

Toth, Christopher A 04 April 2012 (has links)
The ability to generate chiral building blocks is of paramount importance to organic chemists. This problem presents itself most notably at the interface of chemistry and biology, where molecules of only a single enantiomer can induce function to many biological systems. In this context, recent developments in the field of organocatalysis, most notably the employment of chiral N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) have shown much promise. Our group has recently shown that one possible chiral NHC catalyzed Stetter cyclization product of a conjugated triene, a highly functionalized cyclopentenone, contains both a chiral center and an adjacent conjugated diene. This structure can be easily elaborated to a bicyclic structural motif present in some biologically active natural products from the ginkgolide family, and is difficult to access by other means. The synthesis of novel vinyl stannanes and other coupling substrates involved in the development of the aforementioned reaction discovery are described in this report.
4

Nouvelles synthèses de bicycles fonctionnalisés

Wasnaire, Pierre 25 August 2006 (has links)
De nombreux produits naturels renferment dans leurs structures une ou plusieurs sous-unités bicycliques. Parmi celles-ci, les hydrindanes et les décalines occupent une position privilégiée. Afin d’accéder à ces composés, deux approches originales ont été développées. Elles se basent sur un couplage de Morita-Baylis-Hillman, suivi d’une cyclisation réductrice ou d’une réaction de Stetter intramoléculaire. Outre la synthèse rapide et efficace d’hydrindanones et de décalones substituées, ces séquences réactionnelles ont permis la création d’une large variété d’ènediones bicycliques. L’intérêt de ces méthodologies a pu être illustré lors de la synthèse d’une phytotoxine, l’acide coronafacique. / A large variety of natural products contain, embedded in their architectural framework, one or more bicyclic subunits. Among them, hydrindanes and decalins occupy a cardinal position. As novel approaches towards these substructures, we have developed original sequences based upon two key steps: a Morita-Baylis-Hillman condensation, followed by a reductive cyclisation or an intramolecular Stetter reaction. Having delineated suitable conditions, a rapid and connective synthesis of substituted hydrindanones and decalones can thus be accomplished. The strength of our methodologies was also exemplified by the formation of various bicyclic enediones and their application in the synthesis of coronafacic acid, a phytotoxin.

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