El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado. / This study focuses on the idle space within a warehouse which arises due to an inadequate identification of optimum materials, hindering their storage and reuse. Herein, an on-demand warehousing model is developed based on knowledge management, ideal design of warehouse facilities, and continuous monitoring of warehouse processes and activities for achieving an adequate material flow, cost minimization, high customer service levels, and better working conditions. Results show that the developed model reduced the idle warehouse space and operating costs by 72.14% and 58.55%, respectively.

El presente proyecto se elabora a partir de la necesidad de reducir los costos operativos de almacenamiento en una empresa dedicada a la arquitectura de eventos, la cual representa una reducción en la rentabilidad. Asimismo, se identificó que el problema es el espacio improductivo que existe dentro del almacén de materiales debido, principalmente, al desperdicio generado por el servicio que brinda. Cabe resaltar que el manejo de este almacén es especial, ya que no sólo se almacena los materiales para brindar el servicio, sino también los desperdicios generados por el mismo, lo cual genera un valor singular a nuestra investigación. Por ello, el proyecto de investigación se enfoca en modelar una propuesta de un método de gestión de almacenamiento basado en la gestión del conocimiento, el diseño ideal de las instalaciones de almacenamiento y el monitoreo continuo de los procesos y actividades del almacén con el objetivo de lograr un flujo de material adecuado, minimización de costos, altos niveles de servicio al cliente y la sostenibilidad del proyecto a lo largo del tiempo. La validación del modelo se realizó en el almacén de la empresa en estudio ubicada en Lima, Perú y los resultados fueron positivos tales como la reducción del espacio improductivo del almacén en un 27.86% generando un ahorro de S/11,175 mensuales, la disminución los costos totales operativos en un 58.55% con respecto a los costos de almacenamiento y como consecuencia el incremento de la rentabilidad. / This project is based on the requirement to reduce the operating costs of storage in a company dedicated to event architecture, which represents a reduction in profitability. It was identified that the problem is the unproductive space that exists within the materials warehouse, mainly due to the waste generated by the service it provides. It should be noted that the management of this warehouse is special, because not only the materials to provide the service are stored, but also the waste generated by it, which generates a unique value to our research. Therefore, the research project focuses on modeling a proposal for a storage management method based on knowledge management, the ideal design of storage facilities, and continuous monitoring of warehouse processes and activities to achieve a flow of adequate material, minimization of costs, high levels of customer service and the sustainability of the project over time. The validation of the model was carried out in the warehouse of the study company located in Lima, Peru and the results were positive such as reducing the unproductive space of the warehouse by 27.86%, generating savings of S/ 11,175 per month, reducing costs operating totals by 58.55% with respect to storage costs and as a consequence the increase in profitability. / Trabajo de Suficiencia Profesional

>Magister Scientiae - MSc / Subsistence farmers may contribute significantly to food production, food security, and employment in South Africa. However poor storage practices and contamination with mycotoxins, particularly fumonisins and aflatoxins impacts adversely on production, food safety and food security. Mycotoxins are toxic natural food-borne compounds which frequently contaminate agricultural produce worldwide. They are hazardous to humans and animals and result in significant production losses for farmers. This study focused on former Bantustans in Northern South Africa, namely Vhembe District Municipality (Limpopo) and Gert Sibande District Municipality (Mpumalanga). The aim was to assess mycological and mycotoxin contamination of crops grown by subsistence farmers. A semi-structured questionnaire was administered to randomly thirty-nine households. Data on demographics, storage practices and production during period of 2011 and 2012 cropping seasons were collected. One hundred and fifteen (115) crop samples (maize, beans and peanuts) were collected for analysis. Standard mycological methods and validated mycotoxin analysis methods (HPLC and LC- MS/MS) were used. It was found that maize was the staple food in both provinces, with a significant difference (p = 0.0184) in its production between the two districts; Vhembe produced 0.6 tonnes compared to 2.4 tonnes in Gert Sibande. The majority of the farmers for storage used traditional open wooden cribs (15/20) and steel tanks (5/20) while VDM farmers used sealed store houses 5/19 and 15/19 used polystyrene sacks. Aflatoxin occurrence was low with <1% of GSDM samples contaminated compared to 11% of VDM samples. No significant difference (p > 0.05) was observed in the aflatoxin contamination in VDM samples between the year 2011 and 2012. Samples from VDM households had higher Aspergillus fungal infection (maximum incidence 69%) compared to GSDM (27%) over both seasons. The most frequently isolated Fusarium species in VDM samples was F. verticillioides (92%; 93%), and F. subglutinans (97%; 80%) in GSDM samples over seasons 2011 and 2012, respectively. Highest levels of fumonisins (FB1+ FB2) ranged between 1010 μg/kg and 12168 μg/kg with less than 30% extremely contaminated above the regulated limit in 91% of samples from Limpopo over both seasons (2011 and 2012). Fumonisin levels between the two seasons in VDM showed no significant difference (p>0.05). Only three (less than 5%) from 68% GSDM contaminated maize samples were above the FB1 and FB2 limit. In 2011, there were two highly contaminated maize samples (1762 μg/kg and 4598 μg/kg) with the other samples less than 600 μg/kg, whereas in season two (2012) all samples were below 200 μg/kg, except one highly contaminated sample (26115 μg/kg). None of the beans and peanuts from Mpumalanga was contaminated with mycotoxins above the recommended limit, but from Limpopo 1/5 peanuts was found contaminated with aflatoxin G1 (41 μg/kg). Natural occurrence and contamination of both fumonisin and aflatoxin in stored home-grown maize from VDM was significantly (p < 0.0001) higher than GSDM over both seasons. In general, Limpopo farmers’ experience lower harvests and greater mycotoxin contamination of agricultural produce. This may be attributed in part to poor storage practices and environmental and climatic conditions in that agro-ecological zone.