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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

ESSAYS ON THE ROLE OF UNOBSERVABLES IN CORPORATE STRATEGY

Nandialath, Anup Menon 24 September 2009 (has links)
No description available.
2

Federal and State Environmental Policy: Environmental Federalism, Strategic Interaction, and Constituent Interest

Chupp, Benjamin Andrew 17 August 2009 (has links)
Environmental policy in the U.S. is often enacted at both the federal level and the state level. This dissertation uses unique data derived from a combination of a detailed simulation model of the U.S. electricity sector and an integrated assessment model of air pollution dispersion and valuation to examine three problems in state and federal environmental policy. These data represent the “taxes” (or shadow cost of abatement) on sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides that are efficient for each state when considering only their own costs and benefits, and also the level of federal uniform tax on the same pollutants that maximizes each state’s net benefits. This data is used in three analyses. First, we examine the case of environmental federalism. Differences in spillovers across states, together with differences in population density and local cost structures create substantial spatial heterogeneity in the economics of air pollution. Uniform federal control and state level control both have advantages and disadvantages, and it is unclear which is more efficient. For the case of sulfur dioxide (nitrogen oxides), when states choose their own level of pollution, 31.5% (76.2%) of the potential benefits under the nationally optimal scheme are lost. The uniform tax only results in a loss of 0.19% (2.32%) of the potential benefits. The data derived, which are directly based on the costs and benefits of air pollution, provide a broad measure of constituent interest. These variables are used to explain state adoption of green electricity policies and federal legislative voting on environmental issues. In contrast to previous studies, it is found that constituent interest and ideology are both important determinants in the formation of environmental policy. Lastly, it is widely known in the literature that states act strategically when choosing policies. This result also persists for state-level environmental stringency. We use unique weighing matrix specifications to distinguish between tax competition and competition based on spillover effects. It is also shown that higher marginal damages of pollution limit strategic behavior.
3

A Strategic Study Base on Value System for the Interaction With the Multi tier E Supply Chain -A Case Study of Three tier Chemical Engineering Industry

Tsai, Hung-Jou 18 July 2002 (has links)
Abstract The main purpose of this study is to conjecture the change of relative advantages and their interactive relationship during the three-tier supply chain. Based on this change and interactive relationship, strategically formed methods and models are developed. The three-tier supply chain is mainly defined as global brand marketing companies, OEM/ODM manufacturers, and raw material suppliers. In this study, the OEM/ODM manufacturers, which are the middle-tier, are selected as the research subject of target enterprises. The proposed analytical method, which mainly focuses on the interactive transformation of QFD relative matrix, is the basis for the strategic development of the OEM/ODM manufacturers. And we also adopt practical three-tier cases to test and verify, through verification of this strategy by simulation models. The results show that the strategy formed based on the model developed is capable to produce acceptable suggestions for the OEM/ODM manufacturers. Keyword: Supply Chain management, Strategic Interaction, Value System, e-Business
4

Metoder för att hjälpa? : En kvalitativ studie om arbetssätt och metoder i arbetet med sektmedlemmar och sektavhoppare. / Methods to help? : A qualitative study about procedures and methods in the work with present- and former cult members

Ledstam, Gustav, Öberg, Gabriel January 2010 (has links)
<p>The purpose of the study is to investigate methods and work procedures that aim to motivate people to leave a cult and/or supporting them after a cult exit. The study was limited to investigate how Sweden’s, within the area, three premier voluntary organizations Föreningen Rädda Individen, Rådgivning Om Sekter and Hjälpkällan work with present -, ex – and relatives to cult members. In addition to the mentioned organizations we have also investigated the work procedures and methods used by Åke Wiman. The study has got a qualitative approach and includes semi-structured interviews. The results have been analyzed thru already existing methods. These are <em>exit counseling, Strategic interaction approach </em>and<em> Strategic interaction approach</em> – <em>after the invention</em>. The analysis shows that Hjälpkällan and Rådgivning Om Sekter does not use any specific, explicit method in their work but focuses more on the fellow human being support. Wiman uses parts of both <em>exit counselin</em>g and <em>Strategic interaction approach</em>. Further it is recognized that Föreningen Rädda Individen explicitly uses the method of <em>Strategic interaction approach.</em> One can see varying amount of similarity between existing methods and all of the organizations looked in to. There seems to exist a concept confusion and an incorrect use of the meanings of deprogramming, <em>exit counseling</em> and <em>Strategic interaction approach</em> even among the initiated which indicate lack of knowledge or conscious misuse of the words.</p> / <p>Studiens syfte är att undersöka metoder och arbetssätt som syftar till att motivera personer att lämna en sekt och/eller stödja dem efter ett avhopp. Studien avgränsades till att undersöka hur Sveriges för området tre främsta frivilligorganisationer, Föreningen Rädda Individen, Rådgivning Om Sekter samt Hjälpkällan, arbetar med aktiva -, före detta - och anhöriga till sektmedlemmar. Utöver nämnda organisationer undersöks också det arbetssätt som Åke Wiman utför. Studien har en kvalitativ ansats och använder sig av semistrukturerade intervjuer. Resultatet analyserades utifrån befintliga metoder för arbete med sektavhoppare samt motivation till sektavhopp. Metoderna är <em>exit counseling, Strategic interaction approach </em>samt<em> Strategic interaction approach – efter avhoppet.</em> Av analysen framgår att Hjälpkällan och Rådgivning Om Sekter inte explicit använder sig av någon metod utan fokuserar på det medmänskliga stödet i sitt arbete. Wiman använder sig av delar av både <em>exit counseling </em>och<em> Strategic interaction approach</em>. Vidare framgår att Föreningen Rädda Individen uttalat arbetar efter metoden <em>Strategic interaction approach. </em>Det går att se varierande mängd likheter mellan de befintliga metoderna och samtliga organisationer. Det tycks även råda en begreppsförvirring och ett felanvändande av begreppen avprogrammering, <em>exit counseling </em>och<em> Strategic interaction approach</em> även hos de initierade i ämnet vilket antingen tyder på kunskapsbrist eller medveten felanvändning av orden.</p>
5

Metoder för att hjälpa? : En kvalitativ studie om arbetssätt och metoder i arbetet med sektmedlemmar och sektavhoppare. / Methods to help? : A qualitative study about procedures and methods in the work with present- and former cult members

Ledstam, Gustav, Öberg, Gabriel January 2010 (has links)
The purpose of the study is to investigate methods and work procedures that aim to motivate people to leave a cult and/or supporting them after a cult exit. The study was limited to investigate how Sweden’s, within the area, three premier voluntary organizations Föreningen Rädda Individen, Rådgivning Om Sekter and Hjälpkällan work with present -, ex – and relatives to cult members. In addition to the mentioned organizations we have also investigated the work procedures and methods used by Åke Wiman. The study has got a qualitative approach and includes semi-structured interviews. The results have been analyzed thru already existing methods. These are exit counseling, Strategic interaction approach and Strategic interaction approach – after the invention. The analysis shows that Hjälpkällan and Rådgivning Om Sekter does not use any specific, explicit method in their work but focuses more on the fellow human being support. Wiman uses parts of both exit counseling and Strategic interaction approach. Further it is recognized that Föreningen Rädda Individen explicitly uses the method of Strategic interaction approach. One can see varying amount of similarity between existing methods and all of the organizations looked in to. There seems to exist a concept confusion and an incorrect use of the meanings of deprogramming, exit counseling and Strategic interaction approach even among the initiated which indicate lack of knowledge or conscious misuse of the words. / Studiens syfte är att undersöka metoder och arbetssätt som syftar till att motivera personer att lämna en sekt och/eller stödja dem efter ett avhopp. Studien avgränsades till att undersöka hur Sveriges för området tre främsta frivilligorganisationer, Föreningen Rädda Individen, Rådgivning Om Sekter samt Hjälpkällan, arbetar med aktiva -, före detta - och anhöriga till sektmedlemmar. Utöver nämnda organisationer undersöks också det arbetssätt som Åke Wiman utför. Studien har en kvalitativ ansats och använder sig av semistrukturerade intervjuer. Resultatet analyserades utifrån befintliga metoder för arbete med sektavhoppare samt motivation till sektavhopp. Metoderna är exit counseling, Strategic interaction approach samt Strategic interaction approach – efter avhoppet. Av analysen framgår att Hjälpkällan och Rådgivning Om Sekter inte explicit använder sig av någon metod utan fokuserar på det medmänskliga stödet i sitt arbete. Wiman använder sig av delar av både exit counseling och Strategic interaction approach. Vidare framgår att Föreningen Rädda Individen uttalat arbetar efter metoden Strategic interaction approach. Det går att se varierande mängd likheter mellan de befintliga metoderna och samtliga organisationer. Det tycks även råda en begreppsförvirring och ett felanvändande av begreppen avprogrammering, exit counseling och Strategic interaction approach även hos de initierade i ämnet vilket antingen tyder på kunskapsbrist eller medveten felanvändning av orden.
6

The return on social bonds: the effect of social contracts on international conflict and economics

Nieman, Mark David 01 January 2013 (has links)
Hierarchical or asymmetrical power relationships among states have long been a focus of scholarly attention (e.g., asymmetrical alliances, trade dependencies). While the "power to hurt" is one expression of power, an alternative approach is to gain and exercise authority, or "rightful rule." One of the major impediments to the study of social concepts such as authority or legitimacy, however, is in their informal or intangible nature. This dissertation uses game theoretic and latent variable approaches to capture informal, social authority relationships, or social hierarchies, among international states and explores the effects of these hierarchies on security and economic behavior. I posit that states adopt one of two social roles--that of a dominant or a subordinate. Each subordinate chooses a degree of autonomy that it is willing to cede to the dominant in exchange for a corresponding degree of protection. Ranging from complete autonomy to complete control, these dyadic bargains make up a social international hierarchy. This hierarchy affects the relationships between each subordinate and the dominant, as well as the relationships among subordinates. In the security realm, the probability of conflict initiation is inversely related to the degree of subordination. When conflict does occur, dominants are more likely to intervene when the target is located at a higher position in the dominant's social hierarchy than the aggressor state. Economically, the probability that a state enacts illiberal policies is inversely related to its degree of subordination. Moreover, more subordinated states face a lower risk of economic sanction than states located lower in the hierarchy, even for similar illiberal actions. Empirical analysis of states within the US hierarchy (1950-2000) and UK hierarchy (1870-1913) using strategic probit models supports these theoretical predictions.
7

An Empirical Analysis of Decentralization, Fiscal Competition and Welfare Policy

Fiva, Jon H January 2006 (has links)
<p>While competition among companies tends to be beneficial for the general public, this is not necessarily the case for competition among governments. Key in the fiscal competition theory is that the mobility of firms and households yields incentives for governments to aim to improve their relative position through successive undercutting of tax rates and welfare state arrangements. This mechanism has the potential to work as a disciplining device because it ensures that no jurisdiction is allowed to be grossly inefficient, because if it were grossly inefficient, mobile factors of production would move away. The main concern in the theoretical fiscal competition literature, however, has been that fiscal competition lowers government spending below their efficient levels. Another concern related to fiscal competition is that household mobility is likely to undermine attempts by governments to redistribute income. Empirical evaluation of both the existence and consequences of fiscal competition is the central topic of the thesis “An Empirical Analysis of Decentralization, Fiscal Competition and Welfare Policy”. </p><p>A particular focus of this thesis is on fiscal competition in welfare policy. With decentralized responsibility for the welfare benefit system in Norway, theory predicts that local governments will behave strategically in setting their welfare policy in order to avoid becoming ‘welfare magnets’. The key finding in Chapter 2 of this thesis is that Norwegian local governments in fact engage in such a ‘welfare game’. A local government will respond with reducing their welfare benefits when neighboring local governments reduce their welfare benefits. Encouraged by the finding in Chapter 2, Chapter 3 seeks to answer the question: Does Welfare Policy Affect Residential Choices? The analysis shows that Norwegian welfare recipients respond to changes in welfare policy by migrating. Local politicians concern about being to generous compared to their peers seem warranted. The analysis in Chapter 4 evaluates whether strategic interaction among Norwegian local governments in property tax decisions occurs. With limited mobility of the tax base and politically highly visible decisions, we interpret the strategic interaction found to be driven by yardstick competition, rather than competition for a mobile tax base. The final chapter differs from the rest in that it utilizes data from 18 OECD countries. The essay analyzes the effects of decentralization of government on the size and composition of government spending. Since jurisdictions with limited geographic scope (such as local governments) are, in general, more likely to face greater competitive pressures than larger ones (such as countries), it follows that the more fiscally decentralized countries are expected to experience stronger fiscal competition. One of the key findings is that decentralization of taxing powers is associated with less transfer spending, but unrelated to government consumption.</p> / Paper I reprinted with kind permission of Elsevier, Sciencedirect.com
8

An Empirical Analysis of Decentralization, Fiscal Competition and Welfare Policy

Fiva, Jon H January 2006 (has links)
While competition among companies tends to be beneficial for the general public, this is not necessarily the case for competition among governments. Key in the fiscal competition theory is that the mobility of firms and households yields incentives for governments to aim to improve their relative position through successive undercutting of tax rates and welfare state arrangements. This mechanism has the potential to work as a disciplining device because it ensures that no jurisdiction is allowed to be grossly inefficient, because if it were grossly inefficient, mobile factors of production would move away. The main concern in the theoretical fiscal competition literature, however, has been that fiscal competition lowers government spending below their efficient levels. Another concern related to fiscal competition is that household mobility is likely to undermine attempts by governments to redistribute income. Empirical evaluation of both the existence and consequences of fiscal competition is the central topic of the thesis “An Empirical Analysis of Decentralization, Fiscal Competition and Welfare Policy”. A particular focus of this thesis is on fiscal competition in welfare policy. With decentralized responsibility for the welfare benefit system in Norway, theory predicts that local governments will behave strategically in setting their welfare policy in order to avoid becoming ‘welfare magnets’. The key finding in Chapter 2 of this thesis is that Norwegian local governments in fact engage in such a ‘welfare game’. A local government will respond with reducing their welfare benefits when neighboring local governments reduce their welfare benefits. Encouraged by the finding in Chapter 2, Chapter 3 seeks to answer the question: Does Welfare Policy Affect Residential Choices? The analysis shows that Norwegian welfare recipients respond to changes in welfare policy by migrating. Local politicians concern about being to generous compared to their peers seem warranted. The analysis in Chapter 4 evaluates whether strategic interaction among Norwegian local governments in property tax decisions occurs. With limited mobility of the tax base and politically highly visible decisions, we interpret the strategic interaction found to be driven by yardstick competition, rather than competition for a mobile tax base. The final chapter differs from the rest in that it utilizes data from 18 OECD countries. The essay analyzes the effects of decentralization of government on the size and composition of government spending. Since jurisdictions with limited geographic scope (such as local governments) are, in general, more likely to face greater competitive pressures than larger ones (such as countries), it follows that the more fiscally decentralized countries are expected to experience stronger fiscal competition. One of the key findings is that decentralization of taxing powers is associated with less transfer spending, but unrelated to government consumption. / Paper I reprinted with kind permission of Elsevier, Sciencedirect.com
9

Sleeping with the Enemy, or Putting the Enemy to Sleep? A Theory of Insurgency-State Interaction

Rangel, Andres 06 January 2012 (has links)
This paper presents a theory of insurgency-state strategic interaction based on the insurgency’s mode of survival. The theory postulates that, ceteris paribus, illegal resources discourage the insurgents from desiring to control the state and the state from regaining control of the insurgent territory, whereas legal lootable resources “force” the insurgency to embrace the suboptimal strategy of trying to topple the government, while causing the state to desire full control of the insurgent territory. Intensity, the number of combatant deaths over time, will be used to test the theory. Civil conflicts involving insurgencies that rely on illegal resources for most of their revenue should be of low intensity. The opposite should hold true for civil wars in which the insurgency’s livelihood is a legal lootable resource.
10

Today’s allies, tomorrow’s enemies? The political dynamics of corruption scandals in Latin America

Balán, Manuel Elías 13 July 2012 (has links)
In the last two decades, corruption has become a key concern throughout the world. Most of what we know about corruption comes from instances in which misdeeds become public, usually generating a scandal. Why do some acts of corruption become corruption scandals and others do not? This dissertation argues that scandals are not triggered by corruption per se, but are initially caused by the dynamics of political competition within the government. Government insiders leak information on misdeeds in order to increase their influence within the coalition/party in power. A powerful opposition, contrary to common beliefs, acts as a constraint for insiders, making corruption scandals less likely. In order to advance this central argument, this dissertation divides the temporal development of corruption scandals into four stages and proposes a formal model that analyzes the interactions of government insiders and the political opposition. The arguments and hypotheses generated are then evaluated using empirical evidence from two paradigmatic Latin American cases, Argentina and Chile, from 1989 to 2010. The findings support the notion that corruption scandals emerge as a consequence of political competition. / text

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